2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专练（2）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专练（2）科普知识（阅读理解）由 (xx安徽“江南十校”高三仿真卷一)改编Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals.These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in storage.They are a simple way to fight insects and keep food fresh.Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas,also known as black-eyed peas.Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids.These grow from egg to adult in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty more eggs.They can destroy the whole harvest within months.Farmers can sell their crop immediately.But selling at harvest time means more petition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides (杀虫剂) to kill the bugs.But crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says,“They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide.In Nigeria,they have reported a lot of cases of death.They usually call it in Nigeria killer bean.”Mr.Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in the American state of Indiana.The project is called PICS,for Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage.He says the storage bags are thick enough that any insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen.The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest.The bags cost about two dollars each.Mr.Baributsa says that is not much,especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crop.The bags are produced locally.Donors currently support the project,but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donor support for the project will not last forever.A pany based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bag.These are called SuperGrainbags.Phil Villers,the panys president,says safely storing a harvest not only earns more money for farmers,it also reduces the amount of food lost to insects,spoilage and mishandling.“What does not get wasted and eaten means it is available to feed a hungry world,”said Phil Villers.1.Whats the best title for this passage?()A.Simple Bags Save the HarvestB.Plastic Bags: the Enemy of InsectsC.Good News for Hungry WorldD.Pesticides Threaten Food Safety2.It can be inferred that bruchids .A.steal the stored crop for the futureB.breed slowly in the stored harvestC.survive in airtight plastic bagsD.multiply while the crop is in storage3.How does “killer bean” e out? ()A.The pesticide causes many deaths of bugs.B.People eat beans that are infected by bugs.C.Farmers use chemicals to kill bugs improperly.D.Bugs ruin beans within a short time.4.Which statement of the following is NOT true? ()A.Insects in the bags will soon use up the air and then die.B.The airtight plastic bags currently sold at the market do not last long.C.The project provides the farmers with the bags for free at present.D.What farmers can earn from the use of the bag is far more than they have to pay.语篇解读:虫害一直是农民的心头大患,这不仅危害农作物的生长,还浪费了许多粮食。最新的农业科技给人们带来了福音,那就是用密封袋来保护农作物以远离虫害。答案及剖析:1.A主旨大意题。由第一段(主题段)及全文内容可知,一种密封塑料袋在不使用任何化学药品的前提下,能够保护农民的收成不受虫害影响。故Simple Bags Save the Harvest最能概括全文的中心。2.D推理判断题。由第二段的第二、三、四句内容可知,bruchids是一种在粮食储藏过程中繁殖很快的昆虫,它们能够在几个星期内长成成虫,产下40到60个甚至更多的虫卵。D项中multiply有“增加;繁殖”之意。3.C细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知,农民们使用杀虫剂来杀虫,由于他们错用或过量使用,使粮食遭到污染,从而造成食用者死亡,故“杀手豆”来源于农民不正当地使用杀虫剂。4.B细节理解题。由倒数第二段的最后一句话.donor support for the project will not last forever可知,持续不长的是赞助商的支持,而不是塑料袋,故选B项。由倒数第二段.insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen.可排除A项; 由倒数第二段的Donors currently support the project.可知,目前密封塑料袋是免费由赞助商提供,故排除C项;由倒数第二段的The bags cost about two dollars each.get a better price for their crop可排除D项。【疑难词汇解读】1.storage n.储存;仓库The collection has been in storage for decades.这些收藏品已保管了几十年。2.mishandle v.处理不当;错误地处理Mishandling the problem has caused great trouble.对这个问题处理不当已经引起了很大的麻烦。【长难句子分析】 他说这种密封袋非常厚,任何已经进入牛豆中的虫子都会因缺少氧气而死亡。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx高考英语哈尔滨市第三中学一模】Christmas, Easter and birthday parties can be difficult times for grandmothers and parents as they rush around trying to arrange the perfect celebration or making everyone as happy as possible! Whats better than a birthday party that makes your grandchild smile throughout or a celebration that impresses relatives and close friends?That is why Granny Look has supplied in this section, one of the most prehensive guides to making these special occasions that happen perhaps once a year a real success.From a selection of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas-stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children and grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas.Bring that festive spirit to all those traditional days, and ensure you are always ready for any possibility. Granny Looks extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content.CHRISTMAS-STOCKING FILLERSLook no further! Granny Look helps the family to prepare in time for FATHER CHRISTMAS. Give SANTACLAUS some ideas. He can fill all the childrens Christmas-stockings with goodies! Unique Christmas gifts for children stocking fillers.A Granny Look favorite!ADVENT CALENDARSAll children love the build-up to CHRISTMAS! What is better than choosing one of Granny Looks selection of Advent Calendars! Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time.A Granny Look favorite!BIRTHDAYSLOOKING for a SPECIAL BIRTHDAY GIFT? Explore Granny Looks selection of PRESENTS, PARTYPLANNING, PARTY TOYS and PARTY GAMES for your Children and Grandchildrens BIRTHDAYS.Plan and organize the KIDDIES PARTIES ahead of time!Dont forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS!CHRISTMASLOOK and BOOK now! Granny Looks selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children.Some guides to “Whats on in your area” for the kids, PANTOS, SHOWS, THEATRES at Christmas time!UNIQUE Christmas gifts for Children. Spend QUALITY TIME with your Childrens Children this FESTIVE SEASON (圣诞节期间)!29. If you want to send some invitations to your daughters classmates, where will you search for the information? A. At Christmas.B. At Birthdays.C. At Advent Calendars.D. At Christmasstocking fillers.30. According to the passage, we can infer _.A. you can only get special ideas for Christmas, Easter and birthday partiesB. in Granny Look you can buy many traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas timeC. there is no personalized invitation in Granny Look for you to selectD. Granny Look provides a wide range of links for people to prepare for special occasions31. From the text, we know that “Granny Look” is _. A. a website that helps you to prepare for special occasions B. a pany that sells all sorts of products on the InternetC. a person who guides you to make your yearly celebration a real successD. a magazine that helps the family to prepare for special occasions【参考答案】2931 BDA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx高考英语哈尔滨市第三中学一模】 I prefer Lynne Trusss phraseology: I am a grammar “sticker”. And, like Truss author of Eats, shoots & Leaves I have a “zero tolerance” approach to grammar mistakes that make people look stupid.Now, Truss and I disagree on what it means to have “zero tolerance”. She thinks that people who mix up basic grammar “deserve to be struck by lightning, hacked (砍) up on the spot and buried in an unmarked grave”, while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a job even if they are otherwise qualified for the position.Everyone who applies for a position at either of my panies, iFixit or Dozuki, takes a pulsory grammar test. If job hopefuls cant distinguish between “to” and “too”, their applications go into the bin.Of course, we write for a living. iFixit is the worlds largest online repair manual (指南), and Dozuki helps panies write their own technical documentation, like paperless work instructions and step-by-step user manuals. So, it makes sense that weve made a strong strike against grammar errors.But grammar is relevant for all panies. Yes, language is constantly changing, but that doesnt make grammar unimportant. Good grammar is credibility, especially on the Internet. And, for better or worse, people judge you if you cant tell the difference between “their” “there” and “theyre”.Good grammar makes good business sense and not just when it es to hiring writers. Writing isnt in the official job description of most people in our office. Still, we give our grammar test to everybody, including our salespeople, our operations staff, and our programmers.Grammar signifies more than just a persons ability to remember high school English. Ive found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something pletely unrelated to writing like stocking shelves or labeling parts. It is the same with programmers. Applicants who dont think writing is important are likely to think lots of other things also arent important.32. The author agrees with Lynne Truss in that _.A. grammar mistakes cant be tolerated B. books on grammar make people stupid C. people need to learn basic grammar D. grammar mistakes are absolutely unavoidable33. Whats the authors “zero tolerance” approach to these job seekers who mix up basic grammar?A. They should be left out for a job. B. They have to correct their mistakes.C. They arent qualified for their jobs. D. They must be severely punished.34. Which of the following is TRUE of iFixit and Dozuki?A. Only one of them has a pulsory grammar test. B. They are panies where one learns grammar. C. Grammar is quite important for their existence.D. They depend on grammar correction for a living.35. What can we learn from the text? A. panies giving grammar tests may have no good business sense.B. Grammar bees unimportant as language is constantly changing.C. A “zero tolerance” approach to grammar errors might seem a little unfair. D. People who pay attention to writing may pay attention to other things.【参考答案】3235 AACD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx高考英语福建省联考试卷】I feel it enormous responsibility, as a mother of two little girls, to lead you down a path that is relatively healthy when it es to beauty and self-image. In a lot of womens eyes Ive probably already failed in that respect due to the amount of pink princess Barbie (芭比娃娃) mess cluttering up (堆满) Veras room. But I will say something about Barbie: I played with that stuff for a solid decade when I was growing up and here I am now at a healthy weight with a healthy outlook on my body and image. I have a successful career. If Barbie was really so damaging to my femininity (女性气质) and self-image I highly doubt I could list all of the acplishments.But I get it too. Its hard for women to maintain a healthy self-image. I have girlfriends around whom I have to brace myself to see, because just being around them makes me self-conscious. I look at old pictures of my mother and wonder why Ive never been able to be as skinny as she was. And then I have friends who are thinner than their mothers ever were. We women go round and round in circles, holding hands and trying to be one another sometimes. Men like to think we dress and style ourselves for them, but why would we when they hardly notice? Ive never tried so hard to look good when I know Im about to meet up with a stylish girlfriend. Its she who will notice my slimmed-down waist or the thinnest, little bracelet on my arm.And I have no doubt that the two of you, Veronica and Juliette, will endlessly pare yourselves to each other. You will wonder why one of you got longer legs or shinier hair. The thing Ill tell you is this: not even the prettiest of us feel settled. The girl you think looks the most perfect in the world is probably the girl who wants to change herself more than anyone else.Dont take these on. You are not worthless. You are so full of love and light and you should let it shine through your every second. If someone pushes you down for standing tall then just push yourself back up and stand even taller. And know that the reason they push you down in the first place is just because theyre scared.68. From the second paragraph, we can infer that the author _.A. regrets buying so much Barbie stuff for her daughtersB. thinks loving Barbie makes her not confident about her self-imageC. owes her beauty and success to playing with BarbieD. thinks playing with Barbie caused no damage to her beauty and success69. In the third paragraph, the author intends to show that _.A. women tend to be proud of their beautiful friendsB. she cares much about her appearance C. she feels proud of her mothers beautyD. women tend to admire others and pare with each other70. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The author is disappointed that few men take notice of her slim figure.B. The author cares more about looking good before her girlfriends.C. Girls should constantly pare themselves with others to improve their beauty. D. Only the prettiest girl can feel confident about her beauty.71. The author advises her daughters that _.A. they should be cautious not to be pushed down by othersB. they should care much about their strong points instead of appearances C. they should try to grow taller than othersD. they should care more about others opinions【参考答案】6871DDBB