2019-2020年高中英语Unit1Buildingthefuture单元综合测评牛津译林版选修.doc

2019-2020年高中英语Unit1Buildingthefuture单元综合测评牛津译林版选修.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1(xx淮安范集中学月考)Theres no doubt _ the famous professor will e to give us a lecture.AifBthatCwhatDwhether【解析】句意：毫无疑问，这个著名的教授将会来给我们做报告。固定句型：There is no doubt that 从句，选B。【答案】B2(xx江苏高考)The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.AitBwhichCwhatDas【解析】本题考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意：正如所报道的，烟民的数量仅仅在一年内就下降了17%。as作为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，位置非常灵活，可位于主句前、主句后，也可位于主句中间。which引导非限制性定语从句时位于主句之后。【答案】D3He had no money on him.His room was _ except for a bed.AartificialBrareCbareDconventional【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：他身上没钱了。他的房子里除了一张床什么也没有。artificial虚假的，人工的；rare稀有的；bare空的；conventional传统的，常规的。【答案】C4(xx连云港灌云月考)The student _ in the games on the MP4 during class did not notice his teacher behind him.AabsorbingBto absorbCbe absorbedDabsorbed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个在课堂上专心玩MP4上的游戏的学生没有注意到老师就站在他的身后。这里是非谓语动词作后置定语，排除C；absorbed全神贯注的，专心的，是形容词化的过去分词，类似的还有：excited, interested, devoted, worried, delighted等，这些词常被看作是形容词，修饰人，放在逻辑主语之后作后置定语，故选D。【答案】D5They put_ on the government to lower taxes and give laidoff workers necessary health care.AforceBpowerCstrengthDpressure 【解析】句意：他们给政府施加压力要求政府减税并给予下岗工人必要的医疗保健。put pressure on sb.to do sth.给某人施加压力去做某事。【答案】D6I refuse to take his job offer._，I will have to live apart from my family，and the salary is not attractive at all.AOn the other handBIn factCAfter allDFor one thing【解析】句意：我拒绝接受他提供的工作。一方面，我不得不与家人分开住，并且薪水一点也不诱人。故答案为D。【答案】D7_ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.AWhereBHowCWhyDWhen【解析】本题考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：我们_理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。主语从句_we understand things中主谓宾成分齐全，结合句意可知，此处缺少方式状语how(如何，怎样)，所以答案为B。【答案】B8(xx银川一中质检)Between 1918 and 1938, many new stations were constructed, _ was designed by an architect named Charles Holden.Athe most famous of whichBthe most famous of themCthe most famous of whomDand the most famous of which【解析】非限制性定语从句中“介词关系词”，物用which，人用whom。本句的先行词为stations，物，用which。句意：在1918年至1938年之间，建立了许多新车站，其中最著名的是由建筑师查尔斯霍尔登设计的。【答案】A9It seems that living green is _ easy and affordable.A small step makes a big difference.AexactlyBfortunatelyCsurprisinglyDhardly【解析】考查副词。exactly准确地；fortunately幸运地；surprisingly惊讶地，出乎意料地；hardly几乎不。句意：似乎保护环境是出乎意料的简单可行。小小的行动能带来很大的不同。【答案】C10(xx马鞍山调研)Eager to play puter games, the little boy pretended _ his homework.Ato finishBfinishingChaving finishedDto have finished【解析】句意：渴望玩电脑游戏，那个小男孩假装已经做完了家庭作业。pretend to have done sth.假装做完某事。【答案】D11Set yourself a _that you can reasonably hope to achieve and which should be not too high nor too low.ApurposeBcauseCreasonDtarget【解析】句意：给自己制定一个合理的有望实现的目标，既不能过高，又不能过低。target目标；purpose目的；cause起因，事业；reason原因。【答案】D12You cant go out because it is a stormy night；_，your homework hasnt been done.AthereforeBmoreoverChoweverDnevertheless【解析】moreover意为“再者，此外，而且”，符合句意。therefore因此；however然而；nevertheless虽然如此，然而。【答案】B13Take an umbrella with you.You cant risk _a rain.Abeing caught inBcatchingCto be caught inDcaught【解析】句意：带上伞，你不能冒险被雨淋着。risk后接ing形式，排除C、D两项，be caught in为固定结构。故选A。【答案】A14The pressure group is_a ban on GM foods.Apushing forBmaking forCgoing forDputting back【解析】句意：压力集团正强烈要求取缔转基因食品。push for不断要求，争取，催促；make for促成，向移动；go for去拿，去取；put back将放回。【答案】A15Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _ so far by the two sides.Ahas been reachedBwas reachedCwill reachDwill have reached【解析】本题考查时态和语态。句意：尽管以前进行了多轮的会谈，但到目前为止双方尚未达成任何协议。由时间状语so far(常和现在完成时连用)可判断，用现在完成时；而协议是被达成，所以还要用被动语态。故选has been reached。【答案】A. 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)My name is Margaret. I have been a professional _16_ for twenty years. Im always _17_ how sorrow and pain can bring such wonderful gifts as wisdom, patience and love._18_， we often get so caught up in the daily necessities and routines that we _19_ the very things that can bring us _20_and teach us many valuable lessons.I was hired to _21_ a very special lady. I was to prepare meals for her, make sure she took her medicine _22_， do light housekeeping, and provide transportation to and from the market and her doctors appointments. All of these _23_ were important and necessary so that she could remain _24_. Our focus was just that _25_ her to remain living independently.It was on a cold rainy night. She turned her little head and smelt her pillow after she had _26_ got into bed. I observed tears running from her eyes. She said, “Its been such a long time since Ive had _27_ sheets; I love the _28_ of fresh clean sheets. I couldnt _29_ the sheets myself anymore. Thank you so much for changing my sheets. ”Such a simple _30_ as smelling clean sheets brought such great joy to her life. That was the day I _31_ unconditional care. The next day we sat down and _32_ what was important to her, what she liked, and how she had done things all these years. I never knew how much I would enjoy and learn from her _33_ her life experiences with me. She was the sunshine in my life.Im so _34_ for the lessons I have learnedthe lessons I almost _35_ because I forgot to slow down to look and see the beauty that was right in front of me.【语篇解读】本文讲述了“我”在照顾一位老人的时候，发现仅仅一张干净的床单就让这位老人非常开心，于是就和老人有了很多的交流。从她那里知道了在生活中我们应该停下来，看看周围美丽的景色。而不是一直在赶路，忽视了身边最美好的事物。16A.teacherBdoctorCcoachDcaregiver【解析】根据文章第二段可知“我”被雇用来照顾一位老妇人。说明我是照顾人的caregiver，故选D项。【答案】D17A.worriedBconfusedCamazedDinterested【解析】worried担心的；confused困惑的；amazed惊讶的；interested感兴趣的。痛苦和悲伤给人带来如此多好的东西，如智慧耐心和爱心。这样的事情让我非常惊讶。故选C项。【答案】C18A.HoweverBThereforeCBesidesDThough【解析】However然而；Therefore因此；Besides而且；Though尽管。然而我们经常被陷在日常事务之中以至于经常忽略能够给我们带来快乐的事物，故选A项。【答案】A19A.valueBadmireCacquireDignore【解析】value珍惜；admire钦佩；acquire获得；ignore忽视。我们经常被陷在日常事务之中以至于经常忽略能够给我们带来快乐的事物，故选D项。【答案】D20A.wisdomBjoyCknowledgeDwealth【解析】wisdom聪明才智；joy快乐；knowledge知识；wealth财富。我们经常被陷在日常事务之中以至于经常忽略能够给我们带来快乐的事物，故选B项。【答案】B21A.care forBlook forCcall upDpick up【解析】care for照顾；look for寻找；call up召集；pick up捡起。“我”被雇佣来照顾一个很特殊的老妇人，故选A项。【答案】A22A.constantlyBhappilyCproperlyDimmediately【解析】constantly不断地；happily开心地；properly恰当地，合理地；immediately立刻。“我”给她准备饭菜，保证她恰当服药，故选C项。【答案】C23A.lessonsBtasksCmealsDgifts【解析】lessons课程，教训；tasks任务；meals饭菜；gifts礼物。本句是指上句提及的我要为她做的所有这些任务都是很必要和重要的，能让她保持独立，不依靠他人，故选B项。【答案】B24A.calmBconfidentCfortableDindependent【解析】calm冷静的；confident自信的；fortable舒适的；independent独立的。根据下句remain living independently.可知我的帮助能够让她保持独立，故选D项。【答案】D25A.helpingBforcingCpersuadingDadvising【解析】help帮助；force强迫；persuade说服；advise建议。我们的中心任务就是帮助她独立生活，故选A项。【答案】A26A.alsoBevenCstillDjust【解析】also也；even甚至；still仍然；just只是，仅仅。她只是刚刚上床，就转头闻枕头上的味道，故选D项。【答案】D27A.newBcleanCexpensiveDbeautiful【解析】本句是指她已经很长时间没有换干净的床单了，故选B项。【答案】B28A.styleBsizeCsmellDcolor【解析】style风格；size尺寸；smell味道；color颜色。根据空后的of fresh clean sheets可知“我”帮助她换了新的干净的床单，她非常喜欢上面的味道，故选C项。【答案】C29A.makeBrepairCchangeDbuy【解析】她告诉“我”说她自己不能换床单，所以谢谢“我”帮助她，故选C项。【答案】C30A.pleasureBsuccessCofferDdesire【解析】pleasure快乐；success成功；offer提议；desire欲望。就像闻干净的床单这样一件很简单的快乐的事情能够给她的生活带来如此巨大的快乐。故A项正确。【答案】A31A.neededBlearnedCtookDgot【解析】就是在那一天“我”学会了无条件的爱，因为老人的快乐是如此的简单，故选B项。【答案】B32A.dealt withBtook upCcarried outDtalked about【解析】deal with处理；take up占据；carry out执行；talk about谈论。第二天“我们”坐在一起谈论对她来说最重要的事情，故选D项。【答案】D33A.sharingBparingCdiscussingDrecalling【解析】share分享；pare比较；discuss讨论；recall回忆。本题是一个固定搭配share sth. with sb.与某人分享某事。她和“我”分享她的生活经历。给“我”带来了很大的影响，故选A项。【答案】A34A.famousBsorryCanxiousDthankful【解析】famous著名的；sorry悲伤的；anxious焦虑的；thankful感激的。对于“我”所得到的这个教训“我”非常感激，故选D项。【答案】D35A.acceptedBmissedCunderstoodDgained【解析】accept接受；miss错过；understand理解；gain赢得。这是一个“我”几乎错过的教训，因为“我”忘记了要停下来看看就在自己眼前的美丽的事物，故选B项。【答案】B.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)(xx北京高考)Revolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音量) and now its better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume，while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats fortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other mercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. Thats why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists (听觉学家) nationwide as well as worldfamous doctors.Doctor Remended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television. As a retired ear doctor, I heartily remend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”Robert Forbes，M.D.，CACustomer Remended TV Ears!“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so fortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”Darlene & Jack B，CARisk Free Trial! TV Ears es with a 30day risk free trial. Special Offer NowD|S59.95. If youre not satisfied, return it. Moneyback guarantee!Call now! 8001237832【语篇解读】本文是一篇广告类的应用文。文章介绍的是一个全新的“电视耳机”。它与普通的耳机有什么不同呢？让我们一起来看看吧！36TV Ears helps you_Aimprove your sleeping qualityBlisten to TV without disturbing othersCchange TV channels without difficultyDbee interested in ballgame programs【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume，while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats fortable for them.可知答案为B。A、C两项文中未提及；D项是对第一段最后一句Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.的曲解。【答案】B37What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?AIt can easily set TV on mute.BIts headset volume is adjustable.CIt has a new noise reduction ear tip.DIt applies special wireless technology.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other mercially available headset.可知，C项It has a new noise reduction ear tip.与之符合，应为正确答案。原文中并未指出A、B、D三项是TV Ears与其他耳机的不同方面。【答案】C38This advertisement is made more believable by_Ausing remendationsBoffering reasons for this inventionCproviding statisticsDshowing the results of experiments【解析】细节理解题。由文中两个方框内容(Doctor Remended TV Ears！和Customer Remended TV Ears！)可知，这篇广告给出了来自医生和顾客的推荐(remendations)，从而使其更具有可信性，故答案为A。【答案】AB(xx成都外国语学校高三月考)Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could pletely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate (迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also bee more intense. If the changes e too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of todays familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in todays world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these farreaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in xx, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in xx with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in xx by yet another massive earthquake. Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been ing in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesnt matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. Whats more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are being more frequent and serious.However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.【语篇解读】本文叙述了气候的变化会导致的严重后果，如：动物迁徙、地震和海啸。现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。39Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWays to protect our planetBSolutions to climate changeCBe prepared for climate changeDClimate change and its effects【解析】标题确定题。根据文章第一句Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.由关键词climate change and the effects可知。【答案】D40What is the authors purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?ATo show the damage earthquakes caused. BTo remind people to prevent future earthquakes.CTo show major changes are taking place on the planet.DTo tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句The planet itself has been showing signs of change可知，我们的星球已经表现出变化的迹象。【答案】C41What does the underlined word “devastated” in Para. 3 mean?ASeparated.BDestroyed.CRemoved.DAffected.【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段的最后一句Egypt was hit in xx with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in xx by yet another massive earthquake. 埃及xx年发生了大地震，海地xx年又一次遭受了大地震，被地震破坏、摧毁。【答案】B42What can be inferred from the passage?AAnimals and plants wont die out as long as climate changes slowly.BTheres enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.CThe world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.DThe earth is not the only planet that isexperiencing climate change.【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。【答案】DC(xx山东实验中学高三第二次诊断)Scientists have claimed a milestone in the drive for new energy development of the first practical artificial leaf, an advanced solar cell that imitates the process, called photosynthesis(光合作用), that green plants use to make sunlight and water into energy.“A practical artificial leaf has been a dream of scientists for decades，” said Daniel Nocera, who led the research team. “We believe we have made it. The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries. One can imagine villages in India and Africa soon purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology.”The leaf is like the shape of a poker card but thinner. Placed in water in a bright sunlight, it could produce enough electricity to supply a house in a developing country with electricity for a day by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in a fuel cell to produce electricity.The “artificial leaf” is not a new concept. The first artificial leaf was developed more than a decade ago by John Turner. However, it was impractical for wider use, as it was posed of rare, expensive metals and was highly unstable with a lifespan of barely one day.Noceras new leaf overes these problems. It is made of inexpensive materials that are widely available, works under simple conditions and is highly stable. Laboratory studies showed that it could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.The key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. Right now, Noceras leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural leaf. Yet he is optimistic that he can boost the efficiency of the device much higher in the future.【语篇解读】穷人的福音。一种能够进行光合作用的人造叶子能够发电了，而且非常的廉价，作者在文中对其做了具体的说明。43Daniel Nocera describes his artificial leaf as promising in _Amaking an artificial plant that can feed itselfBfinding a new kind of catalyst to produce electricityCchanging the sunlight and water into electricity directlyDproviding electricity for the poor family at a low cost【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries可知答案选D。【答案】D44According to the passage, catalysts in the artificial leaf _Aspeed up the process of chemical reactionsBreduce the loss of energy during its operationCwork as a media to store collected energyDslow down the course of chemical reactions【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话The key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. which代替的就是catalysts，它的作用就是加速化学反应的，故答案选A。【答案】A45The underlined word“it”in the fourth paragraph refers to _AphotosynthesisBcatalyst used by the solar cellCTurners artificial leafDNoceras new leaf【解析】推理判断题。本it和上一个it指的是同一个事物，即：Turners artificial leaf。根据上下文逻辑，不难猜出。【答案】C46The passage is most probably from _Aa science fiction storyBa fairy tale bookCan advertisement for solar productsDa science news report【解析】推理判断题。从文章内容看本篇文章是一篇科普文章，故出处应当是D。【答案】DD“Plants were supposed to grow larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，” said researchers from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures.“We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify.”The change was big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles (爬行动物) smaller. An increase of only 1 caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now, too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth.There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton (浮游生物), the base of the marine ecosystem.Warmblooded animals werent immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been miniaturized, too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, pared with historical records. This isnt the first time this has happened in Earths history.55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the