2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练18科普发明三外研版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练18科普发明三外研版. 阅读理解AExpensive and new gloves allow chatterboxes(话匣子)to take the term “handsfree” to a new levelby talking into them as they make a call. The gloves are known as “Talk to the Hand” and cost1, 000 a pair. They fixed a speaker unit into the thumb and a microphone into the little finger that can be connected to any mobile handset using Bluetooth. Artist Sean Miles designed the new gloves that double as a phone in part of his project that shows the possibilities of gadget recycling. He uses outdated gloves and bines them with parts from mobile handsets recycled through O2, which missioned(承担)the project. Mobile phone users will be able to keep their hands warm while they chat without taking their phones out of their pockets or handbags. Mr Miles designed two pairs of the new glovesone in pink and the other in brown and yellow. They will appear in an exhibition this July and visitors will be able to win the gloves. If demand is high, they will then be produced on a larger scale. O2 Recycle, which backed the project, estimates that there are already 70 million unused mobile handsets in the UK. The service pays up to260 to those who recycle gadgets including phones, handheld consoles, MP3 players and digital cameras. Designer Sean Miles hopes his work will get people thinking about recycling. The 41-year-old said, “I hope that myTalk to the Handproject will get people to think again about the waste created by not recycling gadgets. If a few more people recycle their gadgets rather than send them to trash, I think this project will have fulfilled its aim. ”Bill Eyres, head of O2 Recycle, urges people to recycle their phone responsibly. He said, “Theres a pressing need for all of us to look at outdated handsets, and all the gadgets that we move on from or upgrade each year. Whether they are consoles or cameras, we should think of them as a resource that we need to recycle responsibly rather than throw them away. ”【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一种利用废弃的东西制成的新型的手套, 这种手套可以用来打电话。1. The underlined word“O2”in Paragraph 2 is probably the name of_. A. an artistB. a panyC. a mobileD. an exhibition【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的which missioned the project可知, 它是一个公司的名字。2. Consumers can buy the“Talk to the Hand”gloves_. A. in the exhibitionB. from Mr MilesC. when they are mass producedD. after they recycle the gadgets【解析】选C。推理判断题。结合文中的If demand is high, they will then be produced on a larger scale. 可知, 如果需求量大的话, 会大规模生产, 这样顾客就可以购买了。3. The purpose of the project is to_. A. promote the technology of ITB. enable people to talk to their handsC. raise peoples awareness of recyclingD. attract visitors attention in the exhibition【解析】选C。推理判断题。从倒数第二段的Designer Sean Miles hopes his work will get people thinking about recycling. 可知, 这种手套可以提高人们的废弃物品再回收的意识。4. What is the passage mainly about? A. New mobiles that are fashionable. B. Outdated handsets that are upgraded. C. Outdated gadgets that can be used for recycling. D. New gloves that can be used for making phone calls. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种利用废弃的东西制成的手套可以用来打电话, 这样提高了人们的废弃物品等的回收意识。BThe speed of light is often called a“constant”. New experiments show that may not be true, even within a vacuum. Sometimes, light slows a bit. The new research is“very impressive work, ”Robert Boyd said. “Its the sort of thing thats so obvious, you wonder why you didnt think of it first. ”Light travels as particles and as waves. Photons(光子)are the name given to those particles that represent the smallest possible amount of light. At their fastest, photons travel nearly 300 million meters in a single second. Thats fast enough to get to the moon and back in about 2. 6 seconds. Scientists had long known, though, that they could slow light photons down by shining them through a material such as glass or water. Still, light moving through a vacuum has usually been assumed to move at peak speed. That would seem to make sense. In a new study, however, scientists show that even racing through a vacuum, light can slow. So the speed of light is more of a universal speed limit than an absolute rule for how fast photons travel. Miles Padgett and his colleagues showed that the key to slowing light is to change the shape of a light wave. His team raced a pair of photons. One traveled unchanged through a cable made from optical fibers. The other passed through a pair of devices that acted like lenses. A lens changes light: It can focus a spread-out beam of light into a point, for instance. The second photon passed through one device that changed the shape of its wave and another that changed it back to its original form. The first photon won the race. The second photon came in a tiny bit later, several quadrillionths of a second late for every meter of the race. The difference wasnt huge, but it was enough to measure. Most technology would not pick up such a small change, but it could be important to scientists who study short pulses of light. “Im not surprised the effect exists, ”Boyd said. “But its surprising that it is so large and strong. ”【文章大意】本文主要介绍了光的速度其实并不像人们所想象的那样, 总是很快。有的时候, 它可以慢下来。5. What Boyd said in Para. 2 may mean_. A. it isnt surprising that light can slowB. it is clear that light has a constant speedC. it is a pity that he didnt slow light firstD. it is a wonder that light slows down【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的Its the sort of thing thats so obvious, you wonder why you didnt think of it first. 可知, 他认为这种现象其实是很明显的, 为什么自己没有提前想到, 说明这并不是一件令人吃惊的事情。6. According to the text, Miles thinks_. A. light photons dont slow down in a vacuumB. the speed of light isnt absolute for photonsC. there is really a limit to the speed of lightD. traveling photons keep an absolute rule of speed【解析】选B。细节理解题。结合第四段的So the speed of light is more of a universal speed limit than an absolute rule for how fast photons travel. 可知, 光的速度更是一种普遍的速度限制, 而不是光子运行多快的绝对规则。7. How can people slow light efficiently? A. By keeping light traveling in a straight line. B. By sending light through a cable of optical fiber. C. By focusing a spread-out beam of light into a point. D. By changing the direction of light constantly. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从倒数第三段的It can focus a spread-out beam of light into a point, for instance. The second photon passed through one device that changed the shape of its wave and another that changed it back to its original form. 及倒数第二段的The second photon came in a tiny bit later可知, 把分散的光聚集成一个点可减慢光速。8. What does the underlined word“it”refer to? A. The race. B. The photon. C. A second. D. The difference. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的画线词前面的The difference wasnt huge可知, 这里的it指的就是这个差别。9. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Sometimes light is not so fastB. Light can slow in the endC. The light runs fastest in a vacuumD. Light speed is beyond measurement【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了有的时候光的速度并不像人们所想象的那样快, 它也有慢的时候。. 完形填空I had been writing in pen and ink before making the change to a puter keyboard. I had bee quickly used to the feel of the_1_on my fingers. I discovered how_2_it was to see my words in black type, almost as if it were already a_3_in a book. I grew used to rushing through a first draft, reworking it with pen in_4_, retyping, reworking, retyping_5_I had my copy in what I had believed was reasonably_6_to hand in to my agent. The secret to good writing was rewriting. I reconsider different ways of_7_the material; the subconscious is a very_8_place, and every thought, is constantly_9_. Writing stories is like building a house_10_wooden blocks: remove one, and you must rearrange the supporting_11_or the whole structure will_12_. Some of my writing friends continued to_13_, and they often insisted that they were happy with the old ways of pen on paper. In fact, many of them continued to_14_that way and some still do; I have a number of writing friends that have_15_to adapt in any situation. I suppose it is an age thing. After all, they_16_, the greatest works of literature were posed with pen and paper. Were William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens_17_by the lack of puter technology? I must admit that it took a while to_18_my fear. When I slowed down or met a difficulty while writing, I wondered whether or not the_19_was due to the new process and the difficulties of having to remember the new strokes on a puter keyboard. _20_, my earlier typing skills came in handy and after a few months I was able to write and rewrite to my hearts content, which I continue to do today. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了作者从用笔写作过渡到使用电脑写作, 以及他的一些朋友们仍然拒绝使用电脑写作的一些故事。1. A. pensB. keysC. wordsD. pains【解析】选B。考查词汇复现。结合上文的making the change to a puter keyboard可知, 作者现在开始用电脑写作了, 因此他的手指在键上活动。2. A. simpleB. easyC. slowD. great【解析】选D。考查语境逻辑。根据后面的it was to see my words in black type看到了打出来的字, 呈现出黑色印刷字体, 好像已经成书一样, 应该感到高兴。3. A. pageB. passageC. textD. chapter【解析】选A。考查上下文暗示。与前面的in black type呼应, 指作者看到自己的作品, 把字打到电脑上, 好像是书页一样。4. A. sightB. lineC. handD. control【解析】选C。考查词汇复现。根据意义, 表示手里拿着钢笔, 重新写作。5. A. becauseB. untilC. thoughD. if【解析】选B。考查语境逻辑。与前面的retyping, reworking, retyping呼应, 指作者写了又写, 打了又打, 直到作者对于自己的作品感到满意为止。6. A. acceptableB. importantC. humorousD. reliable【解析】选A。考查语境逻辑。与前面的retyping, reworking, retyping呼应, 指作者经过多次的修改, 认为可以接受了, 才把自己的作品送到经纪人那里。7. A. collectingB. downloadingC. imaginingD. expressing【解析】选D。考查语境逻辑。与The secret to good writing was rewriting. 呼应, 指作者认为好的作品需要不断地修改, 作者反复地思考不同的表达方式。8. A. busyB. naturalC. distantD. separate【解析】选A。考查上下文暗示。根据语境, 指我们的下意识, 是一个繁忙的地方。与后面的every thought, is constantly_呼应。9. A. disappearingB. passingC. changingD. responding【解析】选C。考查上下文暗示。根据意义, 指我们的意识不断地变化着, 因此我们的想法也在不断地变化。10. A. inB. withC. onD. by【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。根据上下文, 和后面的wooden blocks可知, 像使用木块来建筑房子一样, with表示使用的具体的东西。11. A. neighborsB. polesC. basesD. signals【解析】选A。考查语境逻辑。结合前面的remove one, and you must rearrange the supporting可知, 你把房子的一块木块拿走了, 必须重新排列周围相邻的木块。12. A. blow upB. burst outC. turn overD. fall down【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。与前面的remove one和rearrange the supporting_呼应, 指如果不重新排列的话, 整个建筑就会倒塌。13. A. appreciateB. performC. resistD. rely【解析】选C。考查语境逻辑。结合后面的they often insisted that they were happy with the old ways of pen on paper可知, 作者的这些朋友认为用笔来写作, 他们会感到高兴, 表明他们拒绝使用电脑。14. A. thinkB. writeC. sufferD. pete【解析】选B。考查上下文暗示。与上文的with the old ways of pen on paper呼应, 指这些朋友们继续用钢笔写作。15. A. refusedB. decidedC. managedD. expected【解析】选A。考查上下文暗示。与上文呼应, 指作者的这些朋友们拒绝适应新的形式, 即不使用电脑来写作。16. A. argueB. agreeC. worryD. survive【解析】选A。考查语境逻辑。根据后面的the greatest works of literature were posed with pen and paper可知, 作者的朋友们提出理由说明最伟大的作品是用钢笔和纸撰写的。17. A. chargedB. trappedC. rewardedD. prevented【解析】选D。考查语境逻辑。与前面的the greatest works of literature were posed with pen and paper呼应, 指这些朋友们问: 莎士比亚和狄更斯受到没有电脑的阻碍了吗? 18. A. deal withB. sort outC. get overD. break up【解析】选C。根据语境, 表示作者承认自己使用电脑写作的时候, 也需要克服恐惧感。19. A. troubleB. concernC. terrorD. harm【解析】选A。考查语境逻辑。与前面的a difficulty一致, 指作者在使用电脑写作的时候, 遇到了麻烦。20. A. ThankfullyB. HonestlyC. ActuallyD. Really【解析】选A。考查语境逻辑。根据后面的my earlier typing skills came in handy and after a few months I was able to write and rewrite to my hearts content可知, 作者对于自己能够使用电脑写作感到高兴。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fleming was a poor Scottish farmer. One day, he saved a 1. _ (terrify)boy by accident. The next day, a fancy carriage pulled up to Flemings house. 2. _ elegantly-dressed nobleman stepped out and introduced himself as the father of the boy Farmer Fleming 3. _(save). “I want to repay you, ”said the nobleman. “You saved 4. _sons life. ”“No, I cant accept payment for what I did, ”Fleming replied, 5. _(wave)off the offer. Just then, Flemings own son came up. “Is that your son? ”the nobleman asked. “Yes. ”Fleming replied 6. _(proud). “Let me take him and give him a good education. 7. _the boy is anything like his father, he will grow to be a man you can be proud of. ”And so he did. Later, Flemings son became 8. _(know)throughout the world as the noted Sir Alexander Fleming, the 9. _ (discover)of Penicillin(青霉素). Years afterward, the noblemans son 10. _(catch)with a serious disease. What saved him? Penicillin. 1. 【解析】terrified。考查非谓语动词。过去分词形式作定语, 修饰boy。terrified“害怕的”。2. 【解析】An。考查冠词。an elegantly-dressed nobleman“一个穿着优雅的贵族”。故填An。3. 【解析】had saved。考查时态。save在introduce之前发生, 故用过去完成时。4. 【解析】my。考查物主代词。上文提到这个贵族是获救的男孩的父亲, 所以要用形容词性物主代词, 故判断填my。5. 【解析】waving。考查非谓语动词。wave off意为“挥手(告别)”, 在此引申为“谢绝, 拒绝”, 表主动, 用waving。6. 【解析】proudly。考查副词。需用副词修饰动词, 故用proudly。7. 【解析】If。考查状语从句。空前后两个分句是条件关系, if引导条件状语从句, 表示“如果”。8. 【解析】known。考查分词。bee known as作为而闻名。9. 【解析】discoverer。考查名词。青霉素的发明者。10. 【解析】was caught。考查语态。be caught with患有(疾病等)。keep pace with赶上consumptionn. 消费uncontrolledadj. 不受控制的beliefn. 信仰sourcen. 来源rearrangev. 再安排situationn. 形势