2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Cyberspace过关检测北师大版必修.doc

2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Cyberspace过关检测北师大版必修第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AIn most towns today,you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights,shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔).The machines have names like Space Warrior,Dark Invader and so on.It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space,but now it seems that they are striking back.Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they cant stop playing.They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fire”.They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure.They play and play that the pains have no chance to be cured properly.The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem:The muscles of the wrist and arm bee so inflamed and swollen(充血红肿) that they press against the bones.This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”.Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders.Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal.She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day.Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked.One day,after playing a game called Dark Invader,she lost consciousness(晕倒) and fell to the floor.Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency.1.Electronic games are found very popular with .A.people living in townsB.students studying in high schoolsC.girls working in their fathers workshopsD.young people提示:根据文章开头“In most towns today,you can see teenagers standing.”可知选D项。答案:D2.“Space Warriors Wrist” is caused by .A.constantly pressing the buttonsB.rapidly moving across the screenC.tightly holding the joystick controlsD.inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist提示:根据第二段中“They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure.This condition is what doctors now call Space Warriors Wrist.”可知其根源是不停地按按钮,故答案为A项。答案:A3.The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer .A.supports playing electronic gamesB.feels very sorry for the girlC.disagreed with young peoples playing electronic gamesD.feels worried about young peoples poor health提示:根据第四段“Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal.”可知作者认为这个情况更为令人惊恐,表明作者不赞同青少年玩电游,故选C项。答案:C4.From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is .A.enjoyable and helpful to the studyB.exciting but harmful to the health and studyC.interesting and harmless to the eyesD.amusing and satisfying提示:阅读全文可知,玩电游的主要人群是正处于长身体和学习的青少年,玩电游富于刺激,但是侵占了学习时间,还会令人得 “Space Warriors Wrist” 等病,损害了身体健康,故答案为B项。答案:BBIn some science fiction movies,robots refuse to die no matter how people fight back.Now,it has turned into a fact.For the first time,researchers have created a robot that can take a beating and keep on working.Developed by scientists from Cornell University and the University of Vermont,the new robot looks like a spider with four legs.Until now,even the most advanced robot was almost certain to break down when damaged.Thats because its puter doesnt know how to operate the machine after its shape has been changed.To solve this problem,the scientists put some sensors(传感器)into the machine.The sensors can read how the machine is working and send signals to the puter.Using this information,the system follows a new way to tell the machines shape at any given moment.The puter considers a lot of possible next steps,and it calculates how best to move the robot forward the longest possible distance,before trying to move it again.The new technology is a major advance in robotics(机器人技术),scientists say.It may someday help researchers create better artificial(人工的)arms and legs that give new freedom to people who lack them.The new knowledge might also help scientists understand how people and animals tell their own sense of place in space.“Designing robots that can fit changing environments has been a difficult problem,” says scientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University.“This work provides a new way toward solving this important problem.”5.Why do robots easily break down when they are damaged?A.They cannot repair themselves.B.The puter has changed a lot.C.They have nothing special to protect themselves.D.The puter cannot operate a changed robot.提示:根据第二段的内容可以得出答案。答案:D6.How do the sensors in the robot work?A.They can replace the puter when its broken.B.They can find out where the damage es from.C.They help the puter learn the robots condition.D.They can send signals to the person who uses the robot.提示:根据第三段内容可知传感器可以读出机器的动作情况,并把相关信号传送到计算机上。答案:C7.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refers to “ ”.A.robotsB.arms and legsC.sensorsD.researchers提示:由该句句意可知此处them指前面的arms and legs。答案:B8.What does Olaf Sporns think of the new robot?A.He does not express his opinions clearly.B.He doubts if it can work well in real life.C.He thinks it is a great development in robotics.D.He thinks more experiments are needed to test it.提示:根据最后一段Olaf Sporns所说的话可知他对这种新机器人给予了高度的评价,说明是机器人技术的巨大进步。答案:CCWhen you think of a robot,do you imagine a shiny machine having the same character as a human being,performing humanlike functions,and responding to your questions in a monotone (单调的)voice?This is the way many of us imagine a robot,but in the real world a robot is not humanoid at all.Instead,a robot often is a voiceless,box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out tiresome or dangerous functions usually performed by humans.Todays robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again.A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence,that is,a robot contains a puter program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence,such as reasoning,drawing conclusions,and learning from past experience.A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced.A robot does,however,move from place to place on wheels and axles (轮轴)that roll around.A robot even has limbs that turn round and move in bination with joints and motors.To find its way in its surroundings,a robot uses various built-in sensors.Antennae(天线)attached to the robots base detect anything they bump into.To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object,the robot bounces beams of laser light in its path.These and other sensors constantly feed information to the puter,which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robots actions.With the development of science and technology,the robot will progress in its functions and use of artificial intelligence programs too.9.The writer begins the passage by paring.A.a real-life robot with a fictional robot B.the shape of a human being with a boxC.an imaginary machine with a human beingD.a robot with a puter program提示:细节理解题。根据文章第一段的前三句可知,作者通过比较现实生活中的机器人和虚构的机器人来吸引读者的注意力。故选A项。答案:A10.The word “humanoid” in Paragraph 1 means.A.lacking human feelingsB.lacking human characteristicsC.having a human form and characteristics D.lacking human intelligence提示:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的but可知,前后分句构成转折关系,且画线词后的两句中的“voiceless,box-shaped”可推知画线词词义,即具有人的外表和特征。故选C项。答案:C11.According to the first paragraph,artificial intelligence is.A.the unnatural way in which robots moveB.a voiceless,box-shaped machine that performs repetitive tasksC.a puter program that imitates human intellectual processesD.a sensor that detects troubles in a robot提示:细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知,人工智能是指能够模仿人类智力过程的电脑程序。故选C项。答案:C12.The best title for this passage would be.A.Robots:Taking the Place of Humans BeingB.Artificial intelligence ProgramsC.Modern-Day Sensors D.Todays Robots and How They Function提示:标题判断题。全文介绍了当今机器人的现状及其功能。故选D项。答案:D第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote controlhard to find just when you want it most.Whether youre trying to lose weight,stop smoking,get to the gym regularly,developing your sense of willpower is an important part of changing any behavior.13. But there are ways to increase your willpower.Dont try to change your economic situation,win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning.Establish one clear,specific goal and make a realistic plan for achieving it.Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy,so dont stretch yourself too thin.14. Whatever your goal is,dont expect to achieve it overnight.15. If you are trying to kick a caffeine habit,start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water,instead of vowing never to drink coffee again.Congratulate yourself on the small achievements that will pave the way toward a larger one.These successes help your willpower grow.16. Ask friends,family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help.If your credit card bills have increased sharply,for instance,let friends know that you are cutting back on expenses.Suggest having a mon dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant.Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings.You can get valuable advice,understanding and information.If possible,change your environment to encourage positive behavior.Want to get in shape?Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home.Quitting smoking?17.A.Change your environment to change your lifeB.Real success takes time.C.Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up.D.Changing your behavior requires more than willpower.E.Improve your willpower by a support network.F.Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult.G.Focus on one goal at a time.答案:1317 FGBEC第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Years ago,if a teenager had some problems in her/his life,she/he might go home and write in her/his 18.Now a teenager with the same problems might go onto the Internet to write blogging.In many ways a diary and a blog are very different.So,19makes blogging 20from writing in a traditional diary?The biggest21is that blogging is much more22than a diary.Usually,a teenager treats her/his diary like a book full of23that she/he does not want to24.Its interesting that someone who writes in a blog25those in a diary will probably write nearly the same information.I have a little sister,and sometimes I go online to read her26.She writes things about daily life.27I was at her age,I wrote about the same things,but only in my diary.Then,after I had28writing,I would29my diary in a secret place to30my sister seeing it.The biggest31with blogging is that anyone can read what you write,and 32,if you ever wrote something bad about a friend,that friend 33read your blog.But in your diary it is not the same.So youd better think about things carefully34you write.There are also35to blogging,of course.If you were feeling sad one day and wrote in your diary,no one would know about it.However,if the same sentence was written in your blog,your best friends would quickly respond and tell you how much they36you.Blogs help people37in touch with their friends and hear what people around them are doing.18.A.note B.diary C.letter D.e-mail提示:数年前,如果青少年遇到问题就会回家写日记。后面的“In many ways a diary and a blog are very different.”也给了提示。答案:B19.A.howB.whenC.whoD.what提示:what引导特殊疑问句,并在从句中作主语。其他选项不符合句意。答案:D20.A.influenceB.resultC.differD.separate提示:与上面的different相呼应,说明博客跟传统日记存在许多不同之处。differ from“与相区别”。答案:C21.A.dangerB.benefitC.shortingD.difference提示:博客与日记最大的区别在于它的公开性,任何人都可以看到。此处顺承上文,讲解二者的不同,故选D项。答案:D22.A.convenientB.attractiveC.quickD.public提示:此处应与下文人们对待日记的私密态度形成对比,故用public“公开的”。答案:D23.A.mysteriesB.thoughtsC.secretsD.puzzles提示:根据上下文及常识判断,日记里写的都是个人的秘密。答案:C24.A.publishB.solveC.tellD.share提示:既然是秘密,就不能跟人分享。答案:D25.A.instead ofB.orC.in favour ofD.and提示:日记和博客虽然形式不相同,但内容却基本相同,这是个很有趣的现象。27空后“I wrote about the same things”也给出了提示。答案:D26.A.webB.blogC.diaryD.report提示:根据27空后的“I wrote about the same things,but only in my diary.”可以看出作者的妹妹和作者不同,她喜欢写博客。答案:B27.A.SinceB.WhenC.AlthoughD.Because提示:when引导时间状语从句,说明当作者自己和妹妹一样大时往往写日记。答案:B28.A.startedB.achievedC.choseD.finished提示:根据句意可以看出是作者写完日记后,把日记藏起来。答案:D29.A.hideB.findC.look atD.search for提示:作者担心会被别人看到,所以把日记藏起来。答案:A30.A.encourageB.stopC.avoidD.request提示:藏起来的目的就是避免妹妹看到。A项和D项与前面hide所提供的暗示相反,avoid“避免”,符合语境。stop“阻止”,常指中途打断。答案:C31.A.troubleB.mistakeC.problemD.doubt提示:根据下文的内容可以看出,“博客”的内容会被别人看到,具有公开性。如果写了别人的坏话,别人可能会看到,因此此处介绍的是博客存在的问题。答案:C32.A.thereforeB.besidesC.thenD.similarly提示:上文说你写的东西别人可能看到,下文通过具体信息来解释说明,上下文形成因果关系。答案:A33.A.mightB.willC.shouldD.must提示:在博客上发表攻击朋友的言论,你的朋友或许会看到。用might表委婉的猜测。答案:A34.A.afterB.beforeC.tillD.since提示:所以你在博客上发表任何言论之前,最好三思。before符合时间逻辑关系。答案:B35.A.disadvantagesB.advantagesC.reasonsD.excuses提示:前面说了博客的问题,这里再介绍博客的好处。答案:B36.A.helpB.hateC.likeD.miss提示:此处指来自于朋友的安慰,与前文“没人知道你写的内容,不会有人知道你悲伤”相呼应。答案:C37.A.findB.loseC.getD.keep提示:博客的最大好处在于它可以使人们保持联系。keep in touch with sb.意为“与某人保持联系”,强调状态,符合语境。get in touch with“与取得联系”,强调动作。答案:D第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。After a long delay,the Yutu rover is sending information to 38. earth.This is a highly 39. (encourage)development,as it suggests that all is not lost for the robot.Yutu experienced problems shortly before a two-week lunar night when one of its solar panels failed to 40. (work).It was 41. (expect)that the extreme cold of the Moon would cause the rover to totally fail.A few days after the sun rose at the landing site,that still seemed to be the case.Yutu seemed to be 42. (silence).Now,it seems that the rover has woken 43. its sleep.Right now,we still dont know 44. is working on Yutu and what is not.45. will probably take days for scientists to slowly test the machine.Lets consider what we know.Some of the scientific instruments could still be functional,but it remains to be seen 46. they can still work well enough to produce trustworthy data.In 47. case,directing the rover could be difficult because there is no camera to see the terrain(地形).Chinese scientists could drive the rover by dead reckoning(航迹推算),and guess its rough location.答案:38.the39.encouraging40.work41.expected42.silent43.from44.what45.It46.if/whether47.any第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。On January 5th,students in our school visited Robot World,which we saw a great diversity of robot.It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people,included playing chess,playing the piano and drawing pictures.Besides,the robots were in different kinds and shapes,which made us enjoyable.In addition,that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots.They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage.By visiting Robot World,I have learned a lot of about robots,especial about their functions and shapes.The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more fortable live in the world.答案:On January 5th,students in our school visited Robot World,which we saw a great diversity of robot.It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people,included playing chess,playing the piano and drawing pictures.Besides,the robots were in different kinds and shapes,which made us enjoyable.In addition,that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots.They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage.By visiting Robot World,I have learned a lot of about robots,especial about their functions and shapes.The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more fortable live in the world.第二节书面表达(满分25分)目前我国已有四家机器人餐厅,请你就这件事以“Robot Waiters in Restaurants”为题给报社写一篇英语短文,介绍机器人餐厅的优点,要点如下:1.机器人可以烹饪、送餐、引路;2.可以吸引顾客,尤其是年轻的顾客;3.可以减少雇员,降低成本。注意:1.词数在100左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Robot Waiters in RestaurantsSo far four restaurants in China have adopted robot waiters,which is a big hit with customers.参考范文:Robot Waiters in RestaurantsSo far four restaurants in China have adopted robot waiters,which is a big hit with customers.Its not just because of the food being dished up by robots,but because of the way the food is being served.Interestingly,robot waiters can lead the hungry people to chairs and tables,taking the place of waiters and waitresses.After showing the customers to their tables,the robot waiters get their orders and then get their food cooked.The moment the robot waiters hand out the meals,the customers bee excited and show great interest.The robot waiters prove to be popular with the customers,especially the young.A manager of the restaurant says the robot waiters can help attract customers,reduce the number of employees and lower the costs.