2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Module1DeepSouth讲义外研版选修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Module1DeepSouth讲义外研版选修一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1emergency n紧急情况；突发事情 2mercial adj. 商业的3ceremonial adj. 仪式性的；正式的 4.befriend v. 对待如朋友5insight n. 洞察力，眼光 6.gravity n. 重力，地心引力(二)表达词汇写其形1state n状态；状况2.trap v储存，留存3balance v. 使平衡 4.severe adj. 艰难的，艰巨的5voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行 6.privilege n. 荣幸(三)拓展词汇灵活用1.promote vt.促进，增进；提升promotion n晋级；促进；提升2.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的(反义词)normal adj.正常的*3.explorer n探险者explore v探险；探索；勘探exploration n探险；探索；(对某地区的)勘查*4.depth n深度deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地deepen v加深；深化*5.extreme adj.极端的，极度的extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常*6.discourage v阻止；打消的念头discouraging adj.令人沮丧的discouraged adj.沮丧的discouragement n泄气；使人泄气的人(事)(反义词)encourage v鼓励7.reliability n可靠性reliable adj.可信赖的rely v依靠；信赖8.inspiration n鼓舞；启示；灵感inspire v鼓舞；激励inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的9.tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的tired adj.厌烦的；疲倦的*10.depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的depress v使沮丧；使萧条depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的depression n沮丧；不景气，萧条(期) 11.absence n缺乏；没有absent adj.缺席的，不在的用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1Many scientists are making great efforts to explore the Moon and other planets. Their exploration may change our future.(explore)2Some workers work deep into the night just to deepen the small lake to the depth of 6 meters. (depth)3With the extreme weather ing, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)4On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)5From his discouraged look, I judged he wasnt hired, which was really discouraging. But I still encouraged him to go to other panies to try his fortune.(encourage)话题单词积累1weather/we/ n 天气2climate/klaImt/ n. 气候3haze/heIz/ n. 雾霾4mist/mIst/ n. 薄雾5fog/f/ n. 雾6frost/frst/ n. 霜7drizzle/drIz()l/ n. 小雨；毛毛雨8breeze/briz/ n. 微风9rainbow/reInb/ n. 虹，彩虹10rainfall/renfl/ n. 一场雨；降雨量11shower/a/ n. 阵雨；淋浴12storm/stm/ n. 风暴，暴(风)雨13thunder/nd/ n& vi. 雷声；打雷14blow/bl/ vi. 吹15freeze/friz/ vi. 结冰；使冻住16pour/p/ vi. 倾泻，不断流出17mild/maIld/ adj. 温和的，暖和的18damp/dmp/ adj.& n. 潮湿(的)19foggy/fI/ adj. 有雾的20cloudy/kladI/ adj. 多云的，阴天的21sunny/snI/ adj. 晴天的；晴朗的22freezing/frizI/ adj. 冻结的；极冷的23snowy/snI/ adj. 下雪的24chilly/tIlI/ adj. 寒冷的25geography/dIrfI/ n. 地理26ocean/()n/ n. 海洋，大海27continent/kntInnt/ n. 大陆，大洲28stream/strim/ n. 小河；溪流29range/reind/ n. 山脉30valley/vlI/ n. 山谷，溪谷31desert/dezt/ n. 沙漠32jungle/d()l/ n. 丛林，密林33research/rIst/ n. 研究34expedition/ekspId()n/ n. 探险队35adventure/dvent/ n. 冒险36challenge/tlIn(d)/ n. 挑战二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.be_fond_of喜欢 *2.in_case_of 如果；假使；以免3.stand_out 杰出；突出；引人注目*4.adapt_(to) (使)适应5e_into_sight 进入视野，出现在眼前*6e_up_with 想出 *7.set_foot_on 进入，到达，踏上*8.keep_ones_promise 信守诺言(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1When you keep_your_promise,_no matter how much effort it takes, you will be rewarded.2They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.3If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.4Since people are_fond_of humor, it is as wele in conversation as anywhere else.5Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally e_up_with a solution to it.6If plants were moved from one habitat to the other type of habitat, they changed their appearance and adapted_to the new environment.话题短语积累1zero degrees centigrade 零摄氏度250 degrees Fahrenheit 50华氏度3freezing point 冰点4heat wave 热浪5average temperature 平均气温6weather forecast 天气预报7subtropical climate 亚热带气候8under the weather 身体不适；在恶劣天气条件下9rain or sunshine 风雨无阻10be rich in 富含；盛产11be separate from . 与分离12be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于13be surrounded by 被包围/环绕着14cover an area of . 占地面积为15take on a new look 呈现新面貌16off the coast of . 在海岸附近17at the top/foot of . 在的顶部/底部(脚下)18to/on/in the south of .在的南面(相望/接壤/在内) 三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1not until 置于句首的部分倒装句例句Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.仿写直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。Not until he had failed in the job interview did_he_realize how important confidence was.2名词前有序数词修饰，用动词不定式作后置定语例句Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.仿写她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开的人，我猜这就是她这么快得到晋升的原因。She is always the first staff to_go_to_the_office and the last to_leave,_which I guess is why she is promoted so quickly.3现在分词短语作伴随状语例句Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.仿写我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着自怨自艾。I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling_sorry_for_myself. 话题佳句背诵1Antarctica is a continent centered roughly on the South Pole.南极洲是一片大致以南极为中心的大陆。2Theyre going to make an expedition to the South Pole.他们要去南极探险。3In the oceans around Antarctica the temperature of the water is extremely low, always below zero.在南极洲周围的海洋中，水温很低，总在零度以下。4Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers, among which the mountain areas account for 52%.它的总面积为16 808平方千米，其中山区占52%。四背语段语感流畅I have learned from your website that you need some people to join the Antarctic expedition. Im interested in the expedition very much and Id like to apply to join it.Im in good health and have had special training before, especially in extreme climates. As a result, it is not difficult for me to go on an expedition to the Antarctic. Also, my hobbies are extreme sports and adventure travel. Travelling to the Antarctic is my dream. In addition, my major in college was research into polar plants, animals and geography. Im eager to do some research in Antarctic and would really wele this challenge.I would greatly appreciate the chance to join your expedition. 我从你们的网站上了解到，你们需要一些人加入南极探险队。我对这次探险很感兴趣，因此想申请加入它。我身体状况很好，以前接受过特殊的训练，尤其是在极端气候条件下。因此，对我来说去南极探险并不难。而且，我的爱好是极限运动和冒险旅行。到南极去旅行是我的梦想。此外，我在大学的专业是极地植物、动物和地理研究。我渴望在南极做一些研究，真地欣然接受这一挑战。我将非常感谢加入你们探险队的这次机会。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1state n状态；状况；国家；政府；州 v陈述；声明教材原句Antarctica holds 90% of the worlds ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state, of course.南极洲拥有世界90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水(70%)都处于一种冰冻状态。(1)in a(n) .state in a state of .处于的状态a good state of health/mind 良好的健康状况/心态(2)It is stated that . 据说，据称state ones views 陈述自己的见解(3)statement n. 说明；声明；陈述make a statement 发表声明It_is_stated_that the president made_a_statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.据称这位总统发表了一项声明来宣布一些应对新局势的新政策。In the face of failure, it is the most important to keep a_good_state_of_mind.面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。2trap v储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套教材原句Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages.这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.诱骗某人(做)某事 be/get trapped in 被困在中，陷入困境(2)fall into the trap of doing sth. 落入做某事的圈套fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套set/lay a trap for (sb.) 给(某人)设圈套Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方。The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.售货员诱使我买了他们店里质量不好的牛奶。Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in the rubble when the building collapsed.楼房倒塌，很多人被困在了瓦砾下面。联想发散表示“被困在中”的短语还有：be/get locked inbe/get caught inbe/get stuck in be/get blocked in3promote v促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传，促销高考佳句The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.(xx浙江高考)政府说这有助于外国人更好地融入社会并促进文化之间的理解。(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位be promoted to . 被提升为(2)promotion n. 提升，晋级，促进get/win/gain promotion 得到晋升While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽力履行好自己的职责。He was promoted from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.He got/won/gained_promotion from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.多年努力工作之后他由职员晋升为经理。4discourage v阻止；打消的念头；使气馁高考佳句Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.(xx全国卷)然而我并没有对自己缓慢的进步感到沮丧，相反，我感到兴奋。(1)discourage sb.from doing sth. 劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心discouraged adj. 沮丧的，灰心丧气的discouraging adj. 令人泄气的，令人沮丧的discouragement n. 灰心丧气；挫折；阻止(2)courage n. 勇气encourage vt. 鼓励encourage sb.to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事We discouraged_him_from giving up the job last month. 上个月，我们劝他不要放弃那份工作。Parents should encourage their children to_overe (overe) difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.父母应该鼓励他们的孩子克服困难，并且激励他们自我发展。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1Our building stays warm at night because the wall traps (trap) the heat of the sun in the daytime.2He got rapid promotion (promote), and ended up as a manager.3Its a great privilege to_know (know) you, a worldfamous physics scientist. 4It is extremely (extreme) cold outside, so youd better put on more clothes if you go out.5It was his absence (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.6In the long run, one should save money for emergencies (emerge)7Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.8All the students are advised to keep a balanced (balance) diet for their health.9They thought his behavior was abnormal (normal), for he didnt behave as usual.10There was a depressing (depress) feeling in the office when the news of job cuts was announced.单句改错1She is in a poor state health, which worries her mother much.state_后加of_2I wanted to know when he was promoted for the present position.forto3We tried to discourage him of going out in the storm, but he turned a deaf ear and went regardless.offrom_4Trapping in loveless marriages, many women feel that life is colorless.TrappingTrapped5The pool ranges from one meter to four meters in deep.deepdepth.单句写作(补全句子/完成语段)1用state 相关短语补全句子After the earthquake, the roads are in_a_terrible_state (处于糟糕的状态)An important factor in determining how well you perform in an examination is the_state_of_your_mind (你的精神状态)Those who disagree with the plan can state_your_views (陈述你们的看法) now.2许多人仍然被困在燃烧着的大楼里。(remain trapped in)Many people remained_trapped_in_the_burning_building. 3回到家以后，她发现自己被骗而购买了那些无用的药。(trap sb. into doing)Returning home, she found_herself_trapped_into_buying_the_useless_medicines. 4因为他的良好表现，他很快就被提拔到公司的一个更高职位。(promote sb. to .)Because of his good performance, he was_soon_promoted_to_a_higher_position in the pany.5My friends discouraged_me_from_giving_up (劝我不要放弃) the experiment. They told me not_to_get_discouraged (不要气馁) by setbacks because it was new to me after all. Tim also encouraged_me_to_try (鼓励我试试) it again.第二板块短语、句式突破1stand out 突出；显眼教材原句Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.由于南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，所以它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就易于识别和搜集。stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持stand for 代表；主张；象征；表示；忍受stand up 站起来；(论点、证据等)站得住脚；经得起(常与to连用)stand up for 支持；维护(权利)The olive branch stands_for peace.橄榄枝象征着和平。As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand_up_for the legal rights of our own in the election.作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们的法定权利是我们的责任和义务。2in case of如果；假使；万一；以免教材原句Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.在紧急情况下可以得到医疗救助。in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首用部分倒装)in case (that) . 万一；以防in any case 无论如何；不管怎样in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话as is often the case 这是常有的事；情况往往如此I took my driving license with me on holiday, in_case I wanted to hire a car.我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己需要租车。We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in_no_case should theory be separated from practice.我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去，因为理论与实践绝不能分开。There is no simple answer, as_is_often_the_case in science.科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。3Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the_first_man_to_set_foot_on_ the Antarctic mainland.后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。句中的the first man to do .意为“第一个做的人”。动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：(1)序数词、最高级以及the only, the last, the right等或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。(2)抽象名词decision, ability, determination, opportunity, chance, way, ambition以及time, place后常用动词不定式作定语。Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。I dont think him to be the best man to_do (do) the job because he is very careless.因为他非常粗心，我认为他并非是做这项工作的最佳人选。The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to_explore (explore) society of reallife experience.学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会、获得现实生活经验的机会。Volunteering gives you a chance to_change (change) lives, including your own.志愿者活动给了你一个改变人生的机会，包括你自己的。短语、句式过关练.用case 短语补全句子1I am determined to bee a filmmaker. In_that_case (如果是那样的话), I shall direct many good movies for the audience.2Leave your key with your neighbor in_case (以防) you lock yourself out one day.3As_is_often_the_case (情况往往如此) with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.4I dont see why I couldnt do it. In_any_case (不管怎样), Im going to try.5In order to be admitted to your ideal university, in_no_case (决不) should you give up hope.stand 短语填空1Having experienced so many things, she has learnt to stand_up_for herself.2The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand_out well.3We stand_for peaceful settlement of the international dispute.4How can you_stand_by and do nothing when she needs help?.非谓语动词作定语专练(补全句子)1昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。He was the_last_one_to_leave_the_classroom yesterday.2据说她有能力做好这一项具有挑战性的工作。Its said that she_has_the_ability_to_do the challenging work well.3你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？Do you want to see the_doctor_to_be_sent_for_from Beijing?4正在建设中的那座桥将把这个村庄与那个城镇连接起来。The_bridge_being_constructed now will link the village to that town.5你读过鲁迅翻译的小说吗？Have you read novels_translated_by_Lu_Xun?提能一用课文词汇写高分作文state， promote， explorer， expedition， Antarctic， emergency， trap， numb， minus， discourage， stand out， set foot on， adapt to， in no case， in case 1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)据说，由于曾经接受过特殊训练，在众多志愿者中表现突出，李明被晋升为一支探险队的队长。It is stated that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood_out in many volunteers.李明幸运地成为首批去南极的大学生探险者。Li Ming luckily became one of the first college student explorers to go to the Antarctic.刚开始踏上南极时，他很不适应那儿的环境。At the beginning when he set_foot_on the Antarctica, he didnt adapt_to the conditions there.曾经有一次他和队友们遇到了紧急情况，被困在暴风雪中，在零下30度的野外几乎失去知觉。Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm. They were almost numb at minus 30 in the open air.他意识到无论如何不能灰心丧气，以防有人在那儿丢了性命。最终他们被救了。He realized that he was in_no_case discouraged in_case someone lost his life there. At last, they were saved.2升级平淡句(1)把句升级为形容词作伴随状语的句子Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30 in the open air.(2)把句that从句变为倒装结构He realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.At last, they were saved.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as a result, at that time)It is stated that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers. As a result, Li Ming luckily became one of the first college student explorers to go to the Antarctic. At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didnt adapt to the conditions there. Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30 in the open air. At that time he realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there. At last, they were saved.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点含倒装句式的复杂句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land. 该句前一分句是not until引起的倒装句式，正常语序为：The British explorer James Cook didnt cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century .不仅公众已经了解了伯明翰图书馆(LoB)，而且这个虚拟图书馆还让那些从事该项建设工作的人懂得如何建设该图书馆，并且在开放之前明白它将如何运转。真题长难句Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB (Library of Birmingham), but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.(2011四川高考阅读理解C)该句前一分句是not only引起的倒装句式，正常语序为：The public have not only been able to learn about LoB .南极洲是人类最后到达的大陆，也叫“第七大陆”。位于地球最南端，土地几乎都在南极圈内，四周濒临太平洋、印度洋和大西洋。是世界上地理纬度最高的一个洲，同时也是跨经度最多的一个大洲。总面积约1 400万平方千米，约占世界陆地总面积的9.4%，位于七大洲面积的第五位。纵观历年各地高考试题，此话题多在阅读理解、书面表达等题型中进行考查。话题与语篇考题示例(xx全国卷阅读D)1A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.2Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstanding undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.3The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four panions on the march back.4As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly mercial effort. Scotts last journey, pleted as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the worlds imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made last week.BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.2Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley.BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falcon Scott.DCaroline Alexander.3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation.BScientific research.CMoney making.DTreasure hunting.策略指导(一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1段第1段画波浪线部分一本新的影集把一次不成功的南极洲的旅行带回到现实生活中总说第2段 第2段画波浪线部分照片的拍摄时间和摄影师分说第3段第3段画波浪线部分“坚忍号”的原旅行意图分说第4段第4段画波浪线部分“坚忍号”旅行的商业性目的总说第2步：微观突破理解障碍自主翻译沙克尔顿曾经是一位英国的商船队官员，在1908年到达距南极100英里的范围内了，并且他在1914年航行前开办了一个公司来从电影和剧照摄影中赚钱。(二)这样做题名师解题1细节理解题。选D根据第二段第二句可知，弗兰克赫尔利的照片拍摄于1914年至1916年，大多数是在经历一次海难之后，在没有生存希望的情况下拍摄的，由此可判断它们记录了一次海难。故选D。2细节理解题。选C根据第三段中的“The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.” 以及下句可知，1912年罗伯特法尔肯斯科特船长到达了南极，而“坚忍号”航行的目的是超越他所取得的成就，但是遭遇了海难，由此可判断罗伯特法尔肯斯科特船长到达南极的时