2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit3Lifeinthefuture讲义新人教版必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit3Lifeinthefuture讲义新人教版必修一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1jet n喷气式飞机2tablet n. 药片3capsule n. 太空舱；胶囊4steward n. 乘务员；服务员5stewardess n. 女乘务员6opening n. (出入的)通路；开口；开端 第二屏听写7sideways adv. 往(向、从)一侧；侧着；侧面朝前8mask n. 面具；面罩；伪装9flash vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现10pessimistic adj. 悲观(主义)的11typist n. 打字员12typewriter n. 打字机 第三屏听写13postage n 邮资14postcode n. 邮政编码15receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒16swallow vt. 吞下；咽下17representative n. 代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的18motivation n. 动机 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1aspect n 方面；层面2impression n. 印象；感想；印记3constant adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的4constantly adv. 不断地5previous adj. 在前的；早先的6uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的7guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导8surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境9surrounding adj. 周围的 第五屏听写10tolerate vt.容忍；忍受11lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西12adjustment n. 调整；调节13carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车14press vi.& vt. 按；压；逼迫n. 按；压；印刷；新闻15fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢 第六屏听写16belt n腰带；皮带17switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换18timetable n. 时间表；时刻表19optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的20mud n. 泥(浆)21desert n. 沙漠；荒原22citizen n. 公民；居民；市民 第七屏听写23button n纽扣；按钮24instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；立刻的25dustbin n. 垃圾箱26ecology n. 生态；生态学27greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的28material n. 原料；材料29recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 第八屏听写30goods n 货物31settlement n. 定居；解决32take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续33be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原34safety_belt 安全带35lose_sight_of_. 看不见36sweep_up 打扫；横扫37slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进38speed_up 加速 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.capsule n太空舱；胶囊2.pessimistic adj. 悲观(主义)的3.representative n. 代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的4.motivation n. 动机5.receiver n接受者；接收器；电话听筒6.swallow vt. 吞下；咽下.写其形(汉译英)1.aspect n. 方面；层面2.timetable n. 时间表；时刻表3.carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车4.belt n 腰带；皮带5.mud n. 泥(浆)6.citizen n. 公民；居民；市民7.button n. 纽扣；按钮8.dustbin n. 垃圾箱9.goods n. 货物10.ecology n. 生态；生态学核心单词练通1.They were both uncertain (无把握的) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.2.More young people are making the switch (转换) to online job seeking.3.We are taking off now.Please fasten (系牢) your safety belt.4.It is more plicated than we previously (早先地) thought.5.If a student lacks (缺乏) the motivation to study, he or she will quickly bee tired of studying.6.The shop assistant guided (指引) me to the shelf where the gardening books were displayed.7.The recycled (回收利用) water is used to water plants.8.As a diligent student, he is greedy (渴望的) for success.9.A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert (沙漠)10.A new series of simple English reading materials (材料) for middle school students has e out this year.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.impression n印象；感想；印记impress v使留下印象impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的2.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地3.surroundings n周围的事物；环境surround vt.环绕；包围surrounding adj.周围的4.press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；新闻；印刷pressure n压力5.adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt.调整；调节6.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerance n容忍；忍受；宽容tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的7.instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的instantly adv.立即；立刻conj.一就8.settlement n定居；解决settle v定居；解决settler n定居者用准用活1.They have decided to make a few adjustments (adjust) to their travelling plan.2.As I walked through the town, I was constantly (constant) reminded of my childhood.3.We are in instant need of help.Please tell us instantly they arrive.(instant)4.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be tolerant of that.(tolerate)5.The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)6.The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)7.The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable, so I had to accept this new job.(press)8.An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement.(settle)1.单复数意义不同的名词集锦good善行；好处goods货物brain智力brains 智者custom习惯；风俗customs海关instruction 教授instructions用法说明pain痛苦pains 辛苦；努力sand沙子sands沙滩time时间times时代2.男女有别3.后缀ive形容词大观园attractive吸引人的impressive 印象深刻的creative 创造性的constructive 建设性的expensive 昂贵的active 积极的positive 积极的(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.suffer_from患有(疾病等)；为受苦2.be_greedy_for_. 对贪婪的3.lose_sight_of_. 看不见4.as_a_result 结果；因此5.(a)_lack_of 缺乏6.be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原Mr.Wang is an experienced worker and works hard. As_a_result,_he is popular among all of us. For lack_of regular exercise，he fell ill last month, suffering_from heart attack.Fortunately, he is_back_on_his_feet now.He hopes to take up his previous work.We are happy because he is an optimistic man.第二组1.take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用2.sweep_up 打扫；横扫3.slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进4.in_all_directions 向四面八方5.remind_sb.of_. 使某人想起；提醒某人6.speed_up 加速His whole morning was taken_up with the meeting and his head ached when it was finally over.Just at that time, the assistant came in and reminded_him_of the time to pick up the customer at the airport.He speeded/sped_up his car on the way to get there in time.Among all the people going in_all_directions,_he caught sight of the customer who he was waiting for.1.“v.from”短语荟萃suffer from遭受result from因而起adapt from 从改编 escape from 从逃脱benefit from 从中获益 die from 死于date from 始于 hear from 收到某人的来信2.表示“结果；因此”的词汇大全as a resultas a consequenceconsequentlytherefore/thus(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候新的环境让我难以忍受。be difficult to do .常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。一方面，很多人没有房子居住；另外一方面，很多楼盘很难卖出。On one hand, there are still lots of people having no houses to live in.On the other hand, many apartments are_difficult_to_sell_out.2.However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。what意为“所”；引导名词性从句。不是故事本身，而是故事所反映出来的问题最重要。(xx福建高考书面表达)It is not the story itself but what_is_reflected_in_the_story that counts.3.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词(短语)作状语。又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.4.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装句式。在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。In_front_of_our_house_stands_a_tall_tree with a history of 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.考点新组合阅读微技能For lack of selfconfidence，Tom lost interest in English；as a result, he reached a point where he should make adjustments, or he had to give up.Fortunately, the instant Mr.Smith, a new teacher, took over his class, he gave Tom a lot of encouragement and made him take up learning actively and confidently. At the same time, Smiths lively and vivid teaching sped up his progress.1.处where在句中引导定语从句，修饰抽象地点名词point。2.处the instant在句中引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。3.短文中interest，progress等常用作不可数名词，而adjustment等常用作可数名词。(可数/不可数)1lack v没有；缺乏n.缺乏；短缺的东西(1)lackn. 缺乏lack forn. (多用于否定句中)需求；需要(2)for/through lack ofn. 因缺乏a lack ofn. 缺乏no lack of 不缺乏(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少多角练透单句语法填空For lack of human protection，the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is being smaller and smaller.Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.As I look back on that day now, it surely lacks (lack) any sense of reality.Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.一句多译她不如此受欢迎的原因是缺乏幽默。A_lack_of humor accounts for her unpopularity.The reason why she is not so popular is that she lacks humor.Lacking_in humor, she is not popular.名师指津lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking常与in连用。2instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的系统考点(1)in an instantinstantly 立刻；马上for an instant 一瞬间一就多角练透单句语法填空He paused for an instant before continuing.In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.一句多译让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant she read the letter.Much to my surprise, she burst into tears instantly she read the letter.3take up拿起；接受；开始；承担；继续；占用(时间、物品等)；占据(空间)一词多义写出下列句中take up的含义We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据(空间)She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.拿起Peter will take up his post as head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始；承担Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受归纳拓展take in收留；吸收；欺骗；领会；理解take off 脱掉；起飞；成功take on 雇用；呈现；承担take over 接任；接替；采用应用领悟He didnt take in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.他没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上。4speed up加速(1)reduce speed/slow down减速pick up speed 逐渐加速(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of . 以速度多角练透单句语法填空The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！”(xx全国卷)Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000 km per second.单句写作显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加速达到我们的目标。(xx四川高考书面表达)Obviously, a good learning habit can_help_us_to_speed_up_to_reach our destinations.名师指津speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或sped, sped。联想发散常见的“动词up”短语：hold up举起；耽搁keep up保持；维持set up 建造；创立 bring up 教育；培养build up 逐步建立 turn up 出现；露面clear up 整理；收拾；(天空)放晴考点新组合阅读微技能Last Sunday our class organized a trip to the Daming Lake Park.It was so crowded in the park that we soon lost sight of our monitor.It took us quite a while to find him.He said he was helping the dustmen clean the park.Some people threw away rubbish here and there, which was not tolerated. We also joined the action to clean the park. Two hours late， we went back to school, tired but happy.1.把句式变为倒装句：So_crowded_was_it in the park that we soon lost sight of our monitor.2.写出的同义词语：stand,_bear,_put_up_with等。3.改正处错误：latelater。5tolerate vt.容忍；忍受(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的多角练透单句语法填空I cant tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.(xx湖北高考)单句写作在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦，难以忍受。(xx广东高考写作)In some experts opinion, living conditions on the Mars are_very_hard_to_tolerate.6lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记(1)catch sight of望见；看到lose ones sight 失明e into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘(2)at first sight 乍一看at the sight of 看到out of sight 看不到in/within sight 在视野内多角练透单句改错They fell in love at the first sight, and three months later, they got married.去掉first前的theAt sight of his mother, the boy ran to her.sight前加the补全句子Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch_sight_of the village.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见这个村庄。At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。7形容词(短语)作状语Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。Too_nervous,_I couldnt think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However, I didnt worry but tried to calm myself down.(xx四川高考书面表达)由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。但我没有着急，而是努力使自己平静下来。To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired_but_healthy.让我们感到宽慰的是，那个丢失的小孩子十天后返回了家里，疲惫不堪却很健康。名师指津形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。试比较：Helpless, we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.我们看着那栋房子在我们眼前被毁，很是无助。(helpless说明主语we的状态)The old building was burned down as crowds watched helplessly.在人群无助地观望中那座旧建筑物烧毁了。(helplessly修饰从句谓语动词watched)单元语基落实.单句语法填空1His fluent English and profound knowledge made a deep impression on others.2The accident caused 3 deaths and 20 injures, which happened previous to his arrival there.3How did the accident e about since he drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour?4I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university.5He is addicted to puter games, and that is why he has to drop out of school.6For miles around me, there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree in sight.7Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.8I cant tolerate you speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.9I recognized him instantly (instant) I saw him.10He switched off the light as there was no one in the room.单句改错1Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin.onby2Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken up by ill people.upin3It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.surroundingsurroundings4The thief slid the room and stole some jewels.slid后加into5The school cannot tolerate cheat in exams.cheatcheating6As soon as she entered her own room, she caught sight the gift bought by her father.sight后加of7Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along.along后加with8He treats his elder sister as though she is a stranger.iswere/was9The train picked speed and soon disappeared in my line of sight.pick后加up10It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.第一个forof.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。(take up)I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldnt want to_take_up_too_much_of_your_time.2(xx湖南高考)得知我所处的境况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢地、充满自信地走出困境。(what从句)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.3由于担心被逮住，这个小偷藏到床底下。(形容词短语作状语)Afraid_of_being_caught,_the thief hid himself under a bed.4你一到云南就请给我发电子邮件。(the instant/instantly)Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.5我到了应该自己做出人生抉择的时刻。(where定语从句)I have reached a point in my life where_I_am_supposed_to_make_decisions of my own.句型转换/一句多译1Because I was amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.Amazed_at_how_skillful_they_were,_I determined to be just as good.(形容词作状语)2He has to stay at home.This is because he has a bad cold.He has a bad cold.This_is_why_he_has_to_stay_at_home.(this is why .)3父亲使我铭记努力工作的重要性。Father impressed_the_importance_of_working_hard_on me.(impress .on .)Father impressed_me_with_the_importance_of working hard.(impress .with .)高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解AIf I had to choose what language to learn next, its a tough decision but itd probably be German because many people that know several languages tell me that German is their favourite language in terms of expressing themselves. And I think it might have something to do with the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think itd be really difficult but a fun challenge.Elena (Canada, teacher)I think Id like to learn French next because its a very romantic (浪漫的) language and it could be very useful in different job situations. Besides, I think it could help me understand English a bit more as well, since it was previously the language of diplomacy (外交)Bryan (USA, writer)Id love to learn Italian next. I visited Milan last year and I think it would be great to be able to speak to some of the locals. Also, its quite similar to Spanish, so I dont think it would be too confusing.Georgina (England, Olympic swimmer)Id really like to learn French. I actually learned it some years ago, but I havent used it in a long time and Ive forgotten it but its a language that I really enjoy speaking, and I think France is a wonderful country.James (New Zealand, travel writer)语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文中四人分别表述了自己最想学习的下一种语言并给出了理由。1One of the reasons why Bryan wants to learn French is that _.Ait is easy to learnBit is used frequentlyCit sounds more beautiful than EnglishDit allows him to express himself more clearly解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it could be very useful in different job situations”可知，在不同的工作场景中法语都非常有用。由此可推测，正是因为法语的使用频率很高，所以Bryan想学法语。2We can infer that Georgina _.Awill live in MilanBcan speak SpanishCfeels puzzled about her careerDwants to make some Italian friends解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“its quite similar to Spanish, so I dont think it would be too confusing”可推测，因为Georgina会西班牙语，所以她认为和西班牙语很像的意大利语应该不会很难学。3Who is the most fearless learner?AElena.BBryan.CGeorgina. DJames.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“. the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think itd be really difficult but a fun challenge”可知，Elena明明知道德语的词汇量很大，学起来会很困难，但仍然想去尝试学德语，并认为这是项很有趣的挑战。由此不难看出，Elena是个不畏困难的学习者。BWhat will man be like in the future in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger. Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they bee weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald (光秃的)Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in mon with us. He will still be a human being，with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.语篇解读：本文对未来人会变成什么样子进行了分析和想象。4The passage mainly tells us that _.Amans life will be different in the futu