2019-2020年高二英语同步辅导Unit5 The British Isles 人教版.doc

2019-2020年高二英语同步辅导Unit5 The British Isles 人教版重点难点：1. 单元分析及学习建议2. 本单元重要生词和短语的用法3. 阅读材料的难点句解释及重点结构的总结知识总结与归纳：（一）单元分析几学习建议：1. 中心话题：不列颠群岛：英国的教育文化及生活；不列颠群岛的地理概况；名人笔下的英国城市。2. 材料：听力：了解英国的教育文化及生活。阅读：The British Isles：不列颠群岛的地理概况：位置，气候，文化，历史；语言等。England, My England：著名作家笔下的Salisbury：郊区风景；古迹，城市风貌；市民生活，贸易。IrelandThe Island in the West：介绍爱尔兰的地理概况。3. 交际：讨论“英语，汉语学习的难易”；“地理的学习方式”；“小国，岛国与大国发展速度的利弊”练习表达“同意”与“不同意”的方法。4. 语言学习：词汇：利用构词知识和上下文语境来掌握新单词。语法：学会理解含有名词性从句（主语，表语，宾语和同位语）并学会在写作中使用这种表达方式，在应试复习中掌握名词性从句的连词的运用。5. 学习建议：认真阅读课文The British Isles，通过阅读2，3段学会用流利的英语描述一个地方的地理概况地理位置，气候等。对于语法学习，尽可能多地接触有关名词性从句的例句，特别是课文中的例句。同时注意区分同位语从句和定语从句（注意连词that引导的从句在从句中的成分或与从句的关系）。（二）本单元重要生词和短语的用法：1. consist of：由组成，相当于be made up of，但是注意consist of没有被动语态和进行时态。 The Group of Eight（G8）consists of the eight richest countries in the world.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.The mittee consists of ten members. 2. in general：一般地，大体上。相当于generally; generally speakingIn general, Scotland is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain.It will make them in general less satisfied and more envious.It is generally agreed that smoking is bad for health.Generally speaking, the more you pay for stereo equipment, the better the system.3. basis：基础，根据，基本原则，复数形式是：bases.In the fifth century, people from different parts of northern Europe settled in England, bringing their own culture and language with them. Their languages formed the basis for English.What is the basis for your opinion ?This series of lectures formed the basis of a new book.4. judge：判断，评价，法官，裁判员。Dont judge a person only on the basis of first impression.The petition was judged by the local mayor.注意固定短语：Judging from/ by.：根据，从上判断。Judging from his accent, he is an Englishman.Judging by what everyone says about him, Id say he has a good chance of winning.5. namely：即，也就是；相当于：that is to say。 The city of Salisbury has two important kinds of produce and trade, which employ the poor of great part of the country roundnamely, making cloth and sheets, called Salisbury.I want to talk today about a major threat facing our society, namely AIDS.Arabic is written in the opposite direction to English, namely, it is written from right to left.6. approach：接近；与打交道；着手处理问题；入门；途径，方法。He left London to travel to the east, and then continued south, going westwards along the coast. He approached Salisbury from the east.They had approached us about working for their pany.You could feel the approach of winter.All approaches to the town were blocked.We need a new approach to this problem.（三）阅读材料的难点句解释及重点结构的总结1. They think it is just a matter of looking at maps carefully and remembering all the names of cities and provinces.他们认为那不过是一个仔细查看地图，然后记住所有省市名称的简单问题。要点：a matter of：一个的问题。Its only a matter of time before the police get him.Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to take a chance.2. Within Great Britain for many years now, there has been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural diversityto see it as it really is: a nation of different countries held together by a mon language and culture.多年以来，在英国国内一个开发多种文化的运动正在蓬勃发展。目的是要看到英国的真实面貌共同的语言和文化维系起来的多国民族体。要点：（1）make the most of =make use of（2）as it is=as it happens / as it stands: 事实上。Her teacher said she was a slow-learner, but as it actually was she was partially deaf.（3）held together by a mon language and culture.过去分词短语做定语。3. The largest island is called Britain, which is separated from France by the English Channel, which at one point is only 20 miles wide.最大的岛叫不列颠岛，英吉利海峡将其与法国分开。海峡最窄的一处仅20英里宽。要点：（1）be separated from：与分开。（2）at one point：在某处；一度 At one point in the meeting she nearly lost her temper.4. The result of this French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.法语的影响导致英语里存在了大量的法语单词比如：table, animal 和 age.要点：end up with：以结束。If we goon in this way, we shall end up with millions of unemployed.比较：end up as/in：最后成为：After much discussion about holidays abroad, we ended up in Cornwall.5. They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.他们意识到记录这些语言并将他们传给后代是十分有价值的。要点：of great value= very valuable 结构：be + of great +形容词的名词形式：help / use / importance等。They are of great help to learners of English.6. There could be as many as six hundred thousand sheep fed within six miles of Salisbury, measuring every way round and the town in the center.以Salisbury为中心的方圆6英里内养有多达60万只羊。要点：（1）There could be句型（2）as many as：多达 You can take as many as ten books. （3）measuring every way round and the town in the center.现在分词短语做状语。7. The cathedral is famous for the height of its town, which is without doubt the highest and the most handsome in England, being from the ground 404feet. 大教堂因它的塔高而闻名于世，该塔毫无疑义地成为英国最高最漂亮的塔，塔顶距地面足足404英尺。要点：without doubt：毫无疑义。being from the ground 404feet：现在分词短语做状语。8. I want to tell the reader that these hills and fields are most beautiful, with many small and clear rivers, and rich fields bearing fruit and grain.我想要告诉读者的是：这些山丘和旷野非常美丽，其间流淌着清澈的小溪，遍布着生长水果和粮食的肥沃田园。要点：with many small and clear rivers, and rich fields bearing fruit and grain.结构：with + 名词 + 现在分词：整个结构做状语。With the guide leading, we easily went through the forest.【典型例题】1. Dinner is _ served at 7p.m. in most of the restaurants in this city.A. generallyB. especiallyC. mainlyD. specially分析：城里大多数餐馆一般在7点供应晚餐。Generally：一般地。答案：A2. There are many islands _ the northwest coast of Scotland, _ lies to the north of England.A. to; thatB. off; whichC. on; whichD. along; that分析：苏格兰西北海岸有许多岛屿，off：在海岸以外地区。后半句是非限定定语从句。答案：B3. The United Kingdom _ Great Britain and Northern Ireland.A. depends onB. consists inC. makes upD. consists of分析：英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。consists of：由组成。答案：D4. In arithmetic the rules of addition are basic, and all the other rules are built on this _.A. basisB. baseC. basesD. basement分析：其他所有的法则都是建立在这个基础上的。Basis：基础.答案：A5. When we _ the waste materials, a lot of money _.A. make the most of; are savedB. make the most of; will be savedC. get the most; will saveD. get the most of; will save分析：make the most of：充分利用；后半句是将来时的被动语态。答案：B6. Dont worry, its only a _ of hours till the doctor arrives.A. matterB. affairC. businessD. accident分析：a matter of：固定短语：是一个题。答案：A7. The weather was extraordinarily _ for the season.A. mildB. wildC. boldD. reliable分析：这个季节的天气特好（温和）。Mild：温和。答案：A8. Its going to be some time before I recover my full _.A. forceB. powerC. effortD. strength分析：还要再过些时间我才能完全恢复体力。Strength：力气，体力。答案：D9. Our manager has not been satisfied with Mr. Yang _ for a long time.A. to the pointB. at one pointC. on the pointD. in a point分析：有很长时间我们的经理一度对Mr. Yang很不满意。At one point：一度。答案：B10. Honestly speaking, it is my teachers _ that made me finally take up my present career as a biology researcher.A. advantageB. influenceC. tasteD. guard分析：说实话，正是我的老师的影响才使我最终选择了我现在的职业当一名生物研究员。答案：B（答题时间：60分钟）一. 单项选择：1. The opening province, which_ thirteen counties and three coastal cities, will quicken its paces of economic development. A. consists ofB. makes up ofC. is includedD. is contained2. There is another thing to discuss, _ the question of your salary.A. generallyB. mainlyC. namelyD. narrowly3. The man that people think is a black sheep in the village will _ the imprisonment.A. end up withB. be ended up with C. end up inD. be ended up in4. These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A. as many asB. thatC. as much asD. whichever5. _ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experiment.A. WithB. ForC. AsD. Since6. He will not steal my money, I have _ in him.A. hopeB. honorC. beliefD. wish二. 阅读理解：（A）Even nowadays theres a lot of misunderstandings between nationalities. Lets have a look at what the following people have to say.Maria Conti: I find the English people insincere（虚伪的）, cold and unfriendly. They keep saying “Thank you”, “Im sorry”, even when they dont know each other. They are even polite to their own relatives! Except for helping you find your way in the streets, they arent really friendly and never invite you to their house.Giannis Sinios: On the contrary I found them both broad-minded and friendly. I was invited to peoples houses and they all showed great interest in my ideas, Greek life and people. In England I learned that it was possible to be warm, friendly and polite at the same time.Judy Brown: I lived in both Italy and Greece for a few years. At first there were a few misunderstandings between my foreign friends and myself. For example, I once gave a Greek friend a present for her birthday. I was rather sorry that she didnt unwrap it immediately. Whats more, she even didnt thank me until I asked her if she liked it! Ive learned from different experiences that a lot of foreigners find our attitude to what we English people call politeness rather insincere. They feel that politeness isnt necessary between friends.1. According to Maria Conti, it is _.A. insincere to keep saying “thank you” and “Im sorry” to strangersB. necessary for relatives to be polite to each other.C. unfriendly for the English people to help you find your way in the streets.D. not polite for the English people to invite her to their houses.2. Giannis Sinios is from _. A. EnglandB. GreeceC. ItalyD. America3. When the English people receive gifts from their friends or relatives, they _.A. wrap them at once.B. unwrap them at onceC. put them away immediatelyD. always ask their friends or relatives if they like them.4. According to Judy Browns experience, _.A. when the English people call politeness is rather insincere.B. the English people are less polite than the people in other countries. C. ideas of what are good manners are the same in different countries.D. ideas of what is politeness are not always the same in different countries. （B）Northern European spend a lot of time in their cold and cloudy winters planning their summer holidays. They are proud of their healthy color when they return home after the holiday. But they also know that a certain amount of sunshine is good for their bodies and general health.In ancient Greece people knew about the healing powers of the sun, but this knowledge was lost. At the end of nineteenth century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen, began to study the effect of sunlight on certain disease, especially diseases of the skin. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in artificially（人工地）produced rays. Sunlight began to play a more important part in curing sick people.A Swiss doctor, August Rollier, made full use of the sun in his hospital at Leysin. Leysin is a small village high up in the Alps. The position is important: the rays of the sun with the greatest healing power are the infrared（红外线的）and ultraviolet（紫外线的）rays; but ultraviolet rays are too easily lost in fog and the polluted air industrial towns. Dr Rollier found that sunlight, fresh air and good food cure a great many diseases. He was particularly successful in curing certain forms of tuberculosis（肺结核）with his “sun-cure”.There pupils were a large number of children in Dr Rolliers hospital. He decided to start a school where sick children could be cured and at the same time continue to learn. It was not long before his school was full.In winter, wearing only shorts, socks and boots, the children put on their skis after breakfast and left the hospital. They carried small desks and chairs as well as their school books. Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slope which faced the sun and was free from cold winds. There they set out their desks and chairs, and school began.Although they hardly wore any clothes, Rolliers pupils were very seldom cold. That was because their bodies were full of energy which they got from the sun. But the doctor knew that sunshine can also be dangerous. If, for example, tuberculosis is attacking the lungs, unwise sunbathing may do great harm.Today there is not just one school in the sun. There are several in Switzerland, and since Switzerland is not the only country which has the right conditions, there are similar schools in other places.1. According to the passage, when did sunlight begin to play a more important part in the treatment of disease?A. From ancient times.B. At the end of the nineteenth century.C. In the last centuryD. Only very recently2. A Danish doctor and a Swiss doctor are mentioned in the second and third paragraphs because _.A. they both made use of sunlight to treat illness B. they were the first people who used sunlight for treatmentC. they were both famous European doctorsD. they used sunlight in very different was3. The underlined word “healing”（in Paragraph 2）probably means _.A. heatingB. brighteningC. curingD. poisoning4. Dr Rollier set up a “sun-cure” school probably for the reason that _.A. most children could stay in his school.B. children could study while being treated.C. The school was expected to be full of pupils.D. the school was high up in the mountains.5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage ?A. “Sun-cure” schools are being popular everywhere.B. Switzerland is the only country where “sun-cure” schools are popular.C. Proper conditions are necessary for the running of a “sun-cure” school.D. “Sun-cure” schools are found in countries where there is a lot of sunshine.参考答案一. 单项选择：1. A 由13个县和3个沿海城市组成的这个开放的省。consist of：由组成。2. C 还有一件事要讨论一下，即你的薪水问题。3. A 人们视为村里的害群之马的那个人早晚会坐牢的。end up with：结果，以为结束。4. C do as much as one can竭尽全力去做某事。5. A with+名词+doing结构做状语。随着温度的急剧下降.6. C 他没偷我的钱，我相信他。belief in：相信/信任某人。二. 阅读理解：（A）1. A 根据Maria Conti所说的内容：I find the English people insincere（虚伪的）, cold and unfriendly. They keep saying “Thank you”, “Im sorry”, even when they dont know each other.可以得出结论。2. B Giannis Sinios说英国人经常向她了解Greece的情况。3. B 根据最后一段I once gave a Greek friend a present for her birthday. I was rather sorry that she didnt unwrap it immediately. Whats more, she even didnt thank me until I asked her if she liked it!反衬出英国人的习惯。4. D 根据最后一段Ive learned from different experiences that a lot of foreigners find our attitude to what we English people call politeness rather insincere. They feel that politeness isnt necessary between friends可以了解到Judy Brown的感受。（B）1. B 从第二段At the end of nineteenth century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen, began to study the effect of sunlight on certain disease, especially diseases of the skin. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in artificially（人工地）produced rays. Sunlight began to play a more important part in curing sick people.可以得出结论。2. A 两国的医生的共同之处都是利用阳光治病。3. C 根据全段的内容可以判断出heal 具有“治病”的意思。4. B 根据第四段He decided to start a school where sick children could be cured and at the same time continue to learn. 可以明白开办“阳光治疗学校”的目的是让孩子们既接受治疗又要学习。 5. C 根据最后一段There are several in Switzerland, and since Switzerland is not the only country which has the right conditions, there are similar schools in other places.可以明白开办“阳光治疗学校”需要合适的自然条件。