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Unit 5 Rhythm,-2-,主题语境:谈论音乐舞蹈,-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.effect n.效果,作用,影响 高考佳句 This observation hints that embryonic learning could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. 这一观察结果提示有效的胚胎学习可以将儿童的神经系统的优势传达给父母。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解B篇),effective,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(1)in effect事实上,实际上 be of no effect无效,没有作用,不中用 put/bring.into effect实行,实施,使生效,实现 come into effect开始生效,开始实施 have no/little/a good/a great/a bad effect on/upon.对没有/几乎没有/有好的/有很大的/有坏的影响 take/have effect见效,生效;开始发生作用;实施,实行 (2)effective adj.有效的 effectively adv.有效地,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,effects,effectively,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 This trend,which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017全国卷,语法填空) Regardless of your choice of course,youll develop your language ability both quickly and (effective).(2016天津卷,阅读理解A篇),-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)完成句子 These hormones also the heart and the blood flow. 这些荷尔蒙也对心脏及血液流动产生积极的影响。(2016四川卷,七选五) (3)写作升级 This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds.(2016北京卷,阅读理解C篇) 满分表达 This their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds.,have a positive effect on,has an effect on,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.disappoint vt.使失望;使落空 高考佳句 by many a broken,vine-ripened (蔓上成熟的) promise,Ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. 由于对许多蔓上成熟的展望未曾兑现感到失望,我已多年拒绝买冬季西红柿。(2015全国卷,阅读理解B篇) (1)disappoint sb使某人失望 be disappointed at/by sth 因感到失望 be disappointed at/with sb/sth对失望 (2)disappointment n.失望 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappointed adj.对感到失望的 disappointedly adv.失望地 to ones disappointment令某人感到失望的是,Disappointed,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 The next day,we got a message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. 第二天,我们得到一个令人失望的消息,另一个买主提出了一份高得多的价格。(2015天津卷,完形填空) These jobs didnt pay well,and the people felt lonely and with their new life in the city.这些工作工资不高,而且人们感到孤独,对他们在那个城市的新的生活感到失望。(2013安徽卷,阅读理解E篇) Surely,there will be setbacks (挫折) and in life.当然,在生活中将会有挫折和失望。(2015天津卷,阅读理解D篇),disappointing,disappointed,disappointments,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 Their team lost the match,and it disappointed them. 满分表达 ,their team lost the match.,To their disappointment,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.award n.奖,奖品 vt.授予;判给 高考佳句Cathy didnt expect but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments. 凯茜没有期望任何奖项,但是仍旧到那儿为她的朋友们鼓劲加油,并且赞美他们。(2016天津卷,完形填空) give sb an award 给某人颁奖 award sth to sb=award sb sth把某物颁发给某人/判给某人,any award,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,词义精辨 (1)award “奖品,奖金,奖”。指对优异的成绩或卓越的贡献经评定后正式授予某种奖励,可以是精神方面的,也可以是物质方面的。做动词用时其后可接双宾语。 (2)honour “荣誉”,可指官方承认的奖赏和荣誉,但往往指非官方的私人的荣誉奖励。 (3)prize “奖赏,奖金,赠品,战利品,奖品”。指在比赛、竞争、工作或学习中优胜者所获得的奖赏,可能是钱,也可能是物品。 (4)reward表示“奖励,酬谢,报酬,奖赏”,可做动词或名词。侧重于对好的行为或者功绩的奖励。做动词时只能用人或人的行为做宾语,常用reward sb with sth。,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用award的恰当形式填空 And years later,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, a PhD in literature,and authored his own books,articles,poetry and fiction. 而多年后,她感到自豪的是她的儿子读了万卷书,被授予文学博士学位,并且撰写了自己的书籍、文章、诗歌和小说。(2015天津卷,阅读理解C篇) Izzy,who has been by her school,said:“I just kicked him really hard.” 被学校授予勇敢奖的伊兹说道,“我只是狠狠地踢了他。” (2014四川卷,阅读理解C篇),was awarded,given a bravery award,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)用honour或reward的恰当形式填空 I am to be given such a chance to deliver a speech to you. When it comes to the selling of houses,businesses also use highly tactics.(2015重庆卷,阅读理解B篇),honoured,rewarding,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.impress vt.使(人)印象深刻 高考佳句He was Benjamins drawings. 他对本杰明的绘画印象深刻。(2017浙江卷,阅读理解A篇) (1)impress sb with sth某事给某人留下印象 be impressed by/with sth被深深打动 impress sb that令人感动的是 (2)impression n.印象,感想;影响,效果 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的,感人的 impressively adv.令人难忘地 make a(n).impression on sb给某人留下印象 leave/make/have a/an.impression留下印象,impressed with,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 Williams Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. 威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻,且给了他两本比较经典的关于绘画的书带回家。(2017浙江卷,阅读理解A篇) But he me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again. 但是他给我留下了深刻的印象,给了我重新提笔的灵感。(2015江苏卷,完形填空) Your performance in sports and art also has made a deep on us. 你在体育和艺术方面的表现也给我们留下了深刻的印象。,was impressed with,left a deep impression on,impression,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 The audience was impressed by his amazing performance.(2014广东卷,阅读理解A篇) 满分表达His amazing performance the audience.,left a deep impression on,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,bine vt.(使)结合,(使)联合 高考佳句Skilled workers also various hardwoods metal to create special designs. 有技能的工人也会将各种硬木和金属结合起来,创造出特别的设计。(2016全国卷,语法填空) (1)combine.with/and.把与结合 combine to do sth联合起来做某事 (2)combination n.结合,联合,混合体,combine,and,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用combine的恰当形式填空 Theyre even exploring it with other materials,like carbon fibers,to give it new properties.他们甚至正在探索,将它和其他像碳纤维之类的材料结合起来,从而给它新的特性。 I know how I achieved my success.It came from good planning and better doing . 我知道我是怎么成功的。它是良好的规划和更好的行动的结合。,combining,combined,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared,and it combines the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”. 满分表达 In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, the sense of “information” “atmosphere”. (2015福建卷,33),combining and,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.represent vt.代表,象征;表现;作为的代言人;展示 高考佳句 The loss of glaciers (冰川) there due to global warming an enormous threat to agriculture. 由于全球变暖造成冰川的流失,对农业构成了巨大的威胁。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) (1)represent sb/sth代表某人/物 represent sb/sth as/to be sth把某人/物描绘成某物 be well/badly represented很好/差地展示 (2)representation n.象征,表示,描绘,代表 representative adj.典型的,有代表性的 n.代表,代理人,典型人物,represents,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用represent的恰当形式或短语填空 You might a number,for example. 例如,你可以用数字代表每个字母。(2016全国卷,七选五) A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste,the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals. 一份瑞士的研究报告说,虽然以贵金属为代表的电子产品的重量和垃圾总量相比相对较小,但是在所谓的电子垃圾中黄金等贵金属的含量比天然存在的矿物质中含量高。(2015江苏卷,阅读理解B篇),represent each letter with,represented,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 To show this,she held up one chopstick and it represented one person. 满分表达 To show this,she held up one chopstick, one person.(2015安徽卷,阅读理解B篇),representing,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.general adj.一般的,普通的;全体的;大体的;总的 n.将军 经典例句The opening chapter gives a general overview of the subject. 开篇第一章是对主题的概述。 (1)general knowledge=common knowledge 常识,一般知识 get a general idea of掌握的大意 in general大体上;一般地 as a general rule通常;作为一般规则 (2)generally adv.一般地;通常;普遍地 generally speaking一般来讲 Its generally believed that人们普遍认为,-24-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 ,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. 在通常情况下,所有形式的活动按常规来做都会导致厌倦。(2014全国卷,完形填空) ,the Internet functions as if it were my memory. 更广泛地说,互联网所起到的作用,更像是我记忆能力的延伸。(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读),As a general rule,More generally,-25-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 People generally believe that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. 满分表达 people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.(2014重庆卷,阅读理解E篇),Its generally believed that,-26-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.be used to 习惯于 教材原句 Canadian singer and song writer,Alanis Morissette, in the public eye. 加拿大歌手兼作曲家阿兰妮丝莫里塞特已经习惯了公众的关注。(Page 22) used to do sth过去常常做某事 be used to do sth=be used for doing sth被用来做某事,is used to being,-27-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 This used to (be) the center of town.(2017全国卷,阅读理解B篇) Stress used to (be) an almost unknown word,but now that we are used to (talk) about it,I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.(2016上海卷,语法和词汇),be,be,talking,-28-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track.(2016江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) 满分表达One of the first things Maxime with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track.,tended to do,-29-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,e out 出版;出来;结果是;公开表明观点;长出,开花,发芽 教材原句 Her most famous album Jagged Little Pill, in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old. 她最著名的专集Jagged Little Pill发行于1995年,当时她年仅21岁。(Page 22) 温馨提示 come out表示“出版”时应用主动形式,不可用被动语态;而publish是及物动词,有被动形式。类似地,come构成的短语:come about“发生”,come true“实现”,come to“谈及”,come into being“形成”等也都不用于被动语态。,came out,-30-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 All the writers fans are looking forward to his new novel soon. 那位作家的粉丝们正期待着他的新小说不久能出版。 I finally the contest as the first prize winner. 我最终从比赛中脱颖而出,获得了一等奖。 (2)写作升级 The young writer hopes that his new novel will soon be published. 满分表达 The young writer hopes that his new novel .,coming out,came out of,will soon come out,-31-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.pick up (开车)接人;接收(信号);拾/捡起;改善,好转;恢复(健康);无意中学会;养成(习惯);加速 高考佳句Dont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. 当你在这里参加一个精彩的科学活动或顺便买纪念品以记住你的到访时,别忘了在太平洋科学中心的商店停下来。(2017全国卷,阅读理解A篇) pick ones way小心地走路,拣好路走 pick out精心挑选;辨别出;区别出;使显眼,to pick up,-32-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 I the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. 我在罗得岛的普罗维登斯接到干细胞,打算飞往华盛顿,然后回到伦敦。(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇) (2)单句改错 Sally walked onto the platform,picking up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard:“Rule 1:We are family!”(2015广东卷,读写任务),picked up,pickingpicked,-33-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.be dressed in 穿着 教材原句 They beautiful costumes,skipping back and forth to the rhythm of loud drums.他们身着漂亮的服装,和着响亮的鼓点儿,来回蹦跳。(Page 28) 词义精辨 (1)dress宾语为人,表示“给某人穿衣服,打扮某人”。 (2)dress up “打扮,使穿上盛装”。 (3)be dressed in “穿着”,表示状态,和wear/be in同义。 (4)put on “穿上”,强调穿的动作,宾语为衣服。 (5)be in “穿着”,强调状态,后常接表示颜色的名词做宾语。 (6)wear “穿着,戴着”,强调状态,宾语为服饰、首饰等。 (7)have on表示状态,但它不可用于进行时态。,are dressed in,-34-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 The guests traditional Chinese clothes. 宾客们穿着中国传统的服饰。 (2)用dress,be dressed in,put on,be in,wear或have on的恰当形式填空 Always our monitor a blue sweater. Its cold outside,and you had better your coat. Your sister is too young.You should help her.,are dressed in,wears/is dressed in/is in,put on,dress,-35-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(3)写作升级 Teams of four wear a variety of strange and funny clothes;roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. 满分表达Teams of four, a variety of strange and funny clothes,roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.(2015福建卷,阅读理解A篇),dressed in,-36-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.refer to 提到,说起;查阅,参考;提交 高考佳句A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used a great variety of music,from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队). 最后一点要记住的是“classical music”这个词条用以指各种各样的音乐,从爵士乐到大的管弦乐队演奏的曲子。(2014安徽卷,任务型读写) refer to.as.把看作 refer oneself to依赖,求助于 refer.to.把归因于;把提交给,to refer to,-37-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子 This typical sleep pattern is usually the “night owl” schedule of sleep. 这种典型的睡眠模式被称作“夜猫子”睡眠时间表。(2014四川卷,阅读理解D篇) the dictionary when you dont know how to spell a word. 当你不知道怎么拼写一个单词时,查阅一下词典。,referred to as,Refer to,-38-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.in some ways 在某些方面 高考佳句 ,she lives in my house. 在某些方面来说,她住在我的房子里。(2017天津卷,阅读理解B篇) in the way挡道,碍事 in a/one way在某种程度上 in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方式 in many ways从许多方面来说 by the way顺便说/问一下 on the way (to) 即将到来;在去路上 all the way一直,自始至终,In some ways,-39-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子 At this moment,Paul and Becky were driving their car Alaska. 此时,保罗和贝基正开车在前往阿拉斯加的路上。(2017浙江卷,读后续写) This text is about how to buy and cook fish . 这篇文章是关于如何用简单的方法购买和烹饪鱼。(2016全国卷,七选五) ,whats your name? 顺便问一下,你叫什么名字?(2016天津卷,阅读理解D篇),on their way to,in an easy way,By the way,-40-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,1.It was Morissettes first performance in England since her song “Uninvited” won this years Grammy Award for the best rock song.(Page 22) 这是自莫里塞特的歌曲Uninvited获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来她在英国的首次演出。 since句型 (1)主句+since+时间点:主句用现在完成时态; (2)主句+since+从句:主句用现在完成时态,从句用一般过去时态; (3)It was (is).since.表示“自从以来多长时间了”。注意it后面的谓语动词一般是be,它也可用完成时态,即用结构It has been.since.。如果since从句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词,则表示“自从以来多久了”,如果是延续性动词,则表示“不做以来多久了”。,-41-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)完成句子 In the more than five years Hannah began her activities,she has received a lot of praises. 自Hannah开始她的活动五年多的时间,她获得了许多赞扬。(2017北京卷,完形填空) It is two weeks since you to our school and you are going to return to England soon. 你来到我们学校已经两周了,不久你要返回英国。 This is how much temperatures since the industrial age began. 这就是从工业时代以来气温上升了多少。(2016上海卷,阅读理解),since,came,have risen,-42-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(2)写作升级 My brother joined the army two months ago. 满分表达 two months my brother joined the army.,Its since,-43-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,2.His mother couldnt buy him a piano until he was seven.(Page 26) 直到七岁,他妈妈才给他买了一架钢琴。 not.until.句型 (1)not.until.直到才,该结构形式为否定形式,却表达肯定意义;until连接时间状语(从句),前面的谓语动词一般为终止性动词; (2)not.until.的强调句句式为:Its not until.that.; (3)not.until.的倒装结构为:not until.+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+动词.。,-44-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 After all,many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental decline after age 75.(2015广东卷,完形填空) (2)单句改错 It was not until I became involved in student government when I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President.(2016浙江卷,六选五),until,whenthat,-45-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(3)完成句子 Bach died in 1750,but the early 19th century his musical gift was fully recognized. 巴赫于1750年去世,但直到19世纪早期他的音乐才华才受到普遍认可。(2015重庆卷,9) Not until she spoke that she was a foreigner. 直到她说话我才意识到她是个外国人。,it was not until,that,did I realize,-46-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(4)写作升级 I didnt pursue my career as an actress until I finished film studies. 满分表达 I finished film studies I pursued my career as an actress.(2017天津卷,阅读表达) 满分表达Not until finished film studies my career as an actress.,It wasnt until,that,did I pursue,-47-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,3.This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.(Page 26)这就是他追根求源,重新发现了中国民族音乐之美的原因。 That/This is why.句型 (1)句中的That/This is why.表示“那/这就是为什么”,why后面所说明的是结果;(2)That/This is because.表示“那/这是因为”,because 后面所说明的是原因。,-48-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.Thats students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.(2017北京卷,七选五) Fred didnt hand in his homework.That was he didnt come to school the day before. 弗雷德没交作业,那是因为他前一天没来上学。 (2)单句改错 From space,the earth looks blue.Thats why about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.,why,because,whybecause,-49-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,4.Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music,he is a pioneer in music today.(Page 26)不管孔祥东正在改变他的形象还是对音乐进行改革,他都是当今音乐界的先锋。 whether.or.句型 (1)whether.or.意为“不管是还是”,或表示“无论是还是”,它常用以引导让步状语从句,或表语从句等名词性从句。 (2)whether.or.也常和动词不定式连用:whether to do or.。 have something done表示“让某事被”,done和something之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 (1)表示让人做某事; (2)表示主语的遭遇。,-50-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)完成句子 If I have a “new idea,” I now quickly look to see somebody else has already thought of it,or something similar. 现在,如果我有了新想法,我会迅速地看看是否有其他人已经想到了或是否已有类似的东西。(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读) It is beneficial to some people,while it puts others into a dilemma over whether or not. 它对一些人有好处而把其他人置于是否投票的两难之境。 (2)单句改错 If you go to university at home or abroad,I think your parents will support you.,whether,to vote,IfWhether,
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