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走向高考 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版(课标卷地区) 高考总复习,Unit 2 Working the land,必修四,第一部分 基础知识聚焦,1provide v提供 2lack v. & n缺少 3waste v浪费 4recommend v推荐 5decline v减少 6hit v产生不良影响 7worsen v恶化 8energysaving adj.节省能源的,9annual adj.每年的 10severe adj.严重的 11shortage n短缺 12crisis n危机 13ecology n生态学 14be concerned about 关心 15due to 由于 16deal with 解决 17call on 号召,古话说：民以食为天。目前，不少地方土地干旱，粮食短缺问题依然是急需解决的问题。请以“Food Shortage”为题，写一篇120个词左右的英语短文。 要求：1.介绍现在的饥荒状况；2.说明其原因；3.应当采取的措施。,Food Shortage 总述主题As we know, food shortage has hit many countries and even caused social unrest in some areas. 说明原因But what has caused the current world food crisis? Firstly, annual world grain output has declined because of climate change. Secondly, lots of farmland has given way to factories and buildings due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization. Besides, faced with the rising energy prices, some people use grain for biofuel, which has worsened the severe situation.,具体措施How can we deal with the problem? On the one hand，we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland. 展望未来If the whole world works together, more food will be produced and we can create a harmonious world.,.完成句子 1许多非洲人民正遭受缺粮之苦。 Many people in Africa are suffering from lack of food. 2政府倡导我们开展“光盘行动”。 The government calls on us to carry out the “Cleaning Your Plates” campaign.,.句型转换 1用分词短语改写句。 As we know, food shortage has hit many countries, even causing social unrest in some areas. 2根据句式仿写。 一方面我们应该对外开放，另一方面我们应该发展农业经济。 On the one hand, we should be open to the outside, and on the other hand we should develop agricultural economy.,.单词速记 A识记单词 1_ (vi. & n) 斗争；拼搏；努力 2_ (n.) 十年；十年期 3_ (vt. & vi.) 使变大；伸展 4_ (n.) 自由；自主 5_ (adv.) 因此；所以；因而 6_ (vt.) 遗憾；惋惜 (n.) 遗憾；懊悔,struggle decade expand freedom therefore regret,7_ (n.) 焦点；中心点 (vt.) 集中；聚集 8_ (vt.) 减少；减缩 9_ (n.) 评论；议论 (vi. & vt.) 表达意见；作出评论,focus reduce comment,B联想串记 10_ (adj.)引起烦恼的；令人不安的_ (adj.)扰乱的；精神失常的_ (vt.)扰乱；打扰 11_ (vt. & vi.)配备；装备_ (n.)设备(不可数) 12_ (vt. & vi.)输出；出口_ (反义词) (vt. & vi.)输入；进口 13_ (vt.)使迷惑；使为难_ (adj.)令人迷惑的_ (adj.)感到迷惑的_ (n.)迷惑的 14_ (n.)发现；发觉_ (vt.)发现；发觉；观察，观测,disturbing,disturbed,disturb,equip,equipment,export,import,confuse,confusing,confused,confusion,discovery,discover,.短语互译 1幸亏；由于，因为 _ 2摆脱；除去 _ 3对感到满意 _ 4宁愿；宁可 _ 5逐渐增强；建立；开发 _ 6导致；造成(后果) _ 7focus on _ 8keep. free from/of _,thanks to rid.of be satisfied with would rather build up lead to 集中(注意力、精力等)于 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物),.典句析练 1if so 状语从句的省略形式 _(如果这样的话), what did you do to grow them? 【仿写】如果是这样，我相信我已经解决了你的问题。 _,2the序数词名词动词不定式 In 1973, he became _(世界上第一位种植水稻的农业先锋) that has a high output. 【仿写】刘洋是第一位在太空逗留过的中国女性。 Liu Yang is _ in space.,3make itadj.动词不定式 This special strain of rice _(使生产成为可能) 20% more of the crop in the same fields. 【仿写】大雨使得运动会不可能如期举行。 The heavy rain _ on time.,4倍数as.as Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests _(是以前的两倍多) 【仿写】我弟弟比你妹妹高一倍。 _ 5would rather do. He _ much _ (宁愿做) keep time for his hobbies. 【仿写】我宁愿走路而不愿意做公共汽车。 _,答案：1.If so；If so, I believe I have solved your problem. 2the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice; the first Chinese female to have stayed 3makes it possible to produce; made it impossible for the sports meeting to be held 4twice as large as before；My brother is twice as tall as your sister. 5would；rather；I would rather walk than take a bus.,.课文缩写语法填空 Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated_1_ Southwest Agricultural College in China in 1953, and then was assigned to teach crop genetics and breeding at an _2_(agriculture) school in Hunan Province. He began his research _3_bybrid rice development in 1964 and in 1971 he achieved _4_ major scientific breakthrough as he _5_(success) developed the genetic materials essential for breeding highyielding hybrid rice varieties.,Professor Yuan is widely acknowledged for the _6_(disccver) of the genetic basis of heterosis in rice. In 1974, he developed Nanyou No. 2. With output 20 percent _7_(high) than previous varieties, Professor Yuans new crop immediately began _8_(improve) food availability in China. Beyond this exceptional accomplishment, Professor Yuan has built an additional legacy of combating food shortages and _9_(hungry). Professor Yuans remarkable _10_(achieve) in hybrid rice research have previously won him numerous honors. 答案：1.from 2.agricultural 3.in 4.a 5.successfully 6discovery 7.higher 8.to improve 9.hunger 10.achievements,1struggle vi. & n斗争；拼搏；努力,We still have to _ _ all kinds of difficulties. 我们仍得和各种各样的困难作斗争。 In 1862 the American slaves won their _ _ freedom. 1862年美国奴隶赢得了争取自由的斗争。 They _ _ _ get out of the burning car. 他们正挣扎着从燃烧着的汽车里往外爬。,He _ _ _ _ and dragged slowly ahead. 他挣扎着站起来并缓慢地前行。 答案：struggle against/with struggle for were struggling to struggled to his feet,2expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展 教材原句Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.(P10) 袁博士(开始)在不增加农田面积的基础上寻求水稻增产的途径。,., but the idea has since _ to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong. ，但是这个观念已经传播到美国许多城市，甚至传到了香港。 Why not try to _ your story _ a novel? 为什么不把你的故事扩展成一部小说呢？ I dont quite follow your idea. Can you _ _ it? 我不大理解你的想法，你能详细地加以说明吗？ 答案：expanded expand；into expand on,3therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.(P10) 于是他拿出几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。,用therefore，so，thus填空 She was caught cheating in the exam and _ she was punished by her teacher. She coughed badly, _ she went to see a doctor. The train stopped suddenly, _ causing the delay. 答案：therefore so thus,4equip vt. & vi.装备；配备 教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.(P10) 因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。,We equip our children _ a good education. 我们使孩子们受到良好的教育。 Your training will equip you _ your future job. 你的训练将使得你能够胜任将来的工作。 His work experience _ _ _ _ _ all kinds of people. 他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。 _ _ new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. 因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，他们已经可以使用比过去更少的农田进行耕种。,方法规律equipment为equip的名词形式，意为“设备”“器材”，是不可数名词，表示“一件”这一数量时，其前加a piece of；类似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。 答案：with for equipped him to deal with Equipped with,5regret v. & n可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；抱歉,Its no use _ what you have done. 后悔你做过的事情没有用。 We _ _ _ you that you owe the bank 100. 我们很遗憾地告诉你，你欠银行100英镑。 I _ _ the good film. 我后悔没能看那部好电影。 _ _ _ _， I must leave now. 非常抱歉，我现在必须走了。,巧学助记 I regretted to tell him that he had been dismissed. To my surprise, he said to me, “I have no regrets. I only regret having taken the wrong job.” 我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。使我惊奇的是，他对我说：“我没有什么遗憾。我唯一后悔的是选错了工作。” 答案：regretting regret to inform regretted missing Much to my regret/To my great regret,6reduce v减少；缩减 教材原句A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.(P14) 肥沃的土壤减少了病虫害并且有助于农作物的茁壮成长。,The water level has reduced _ 1 metre _ normal level. 水位已下降了1米至正常水位。 She was reduced to _ for a living. 她被迫沦落至乞讨为生。 答案：by；to begging,7comment n评论，议论 vt. & vi.表达意见；作出评论 Every one at present _ _ the bad match, but the coach refused to _ _ _ _ it. 在场的每个人都对这场糟糕的比赛作出了评论，但教练却拒绝评论。 答案：commented on；make a comment about,1rid.of摆脱；除去 教材原句Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.(P10) 多亏他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。,The dentist _ _ _ the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 The owner needs to _ _ _ the car for financial reasons. 因为经济原因，车主需要把汽车处理掉。 He _ _ _ the mental burden. 他摆脱不了精神负担。 答案：to rid the world of rid him of get rid of wasnt rid of,2would rather宁愿；宁可 教材原句He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.(P10) 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。,_ _ refuse to help you, I _ _ money from my friends. 我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。 He would rather die than give in to the enemy.(句型转换) He would die _ _ give in to the enemy. 他宁死也不向敌人屈服。 I would rather you _ _ (finish) your homework yesterday. 我宁愿你昨天就把作业做完了。 答案：Rather than；would borrow rather than had finished,3lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向(to是介词) 教材原句Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.(P14) 这些化学物质有些会引起癌症或其他疾病。,As we all know, all roads Rome. 众所周知，条条大道通罗马。 The discovery of new evidence led to . 新证据的发现导致小偷被抓住。 What was it that led you to leave America for Hong Kong? 是什么让你离开美国前往香港的？ After the accident he began to lead a vegetative life. 从那次事故后，他开始过植物人的生活。 答案：lead to the thief being caught,4focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于 教材原句They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.(P14) 他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。,I must try to _ _ _ _ work. 我必须努力把心思集中在工作上。 Im so tired today that I cant _ _ anything. 今天我太累了，精神集中不起来。 Mary is _ _ _ everyones attention. 玛丽是大家注意的焦点。 This photograph is out of focus. 这张照片模糊。 The purpose of the lens is to focus light onto the film. 用镜头的目的是要把光聚在胶片上。,巧学助记 答案：focus my mind on focus on the focus of,5keep.free from/of使免受(影响、伤害等) 教材原句This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.(P14) 这也能让空气、土壤、水和庄稼没有了化学物质。,They kept the food _ _ artificial colors. 他们使食物不含人工色素。 Our room is _ _ flies. 我们的房间没有苍蝇。 答案：free from free from/of,If so, what did you do to grow them？(P9) 如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植它们(这些植物)? 句式分析if so“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。 _ _， find out what would need to change. 如果是这样，请找出需要改变的事项。 I may come tonight. _ _(If I dont come tonight), I will try to manage tomorrow. 今晚我可能来。如果不来的话，我会明天来。,方法规律if ever如果有过/发生过的话 if any如果有的话 if possible如果可能的话 if necessary如果有必要 答案：If so If not,ving形式作主语或宾语 1People spend many years learning about favorite sports and _(practice) how to do them well. 答案：practicing 考查非谓语动词。spend.(in) doing sth.表示“花费做某事”，根据and可知，空处应与learning并列，作省略了的介词in的宾语。,2_(bring) up in the countryside made Mr. Wilson very hardworking when he was very young. 答案：Being brought 考查非谓语动词。句意：Mr.Wilson在乡下被抚养长大，这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知，bring up 与Mr.Wilson为逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句子缺主语，故用Being brought up。,3_(examine) twice a year，whether it is a car，a bus or a truck，is a rule that every driver must obey in this city. 答案：Being examined 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是汽车，公交车还是卡车，每年检查两次是这个城市的每个司机都要遵守的规则。根据句意可知此处应用examine的现在分词的被动式Being examined作句子的主语。,4To this day, I have a hard time _(let) others be fond of me. 答案：letting 在句中have a hard time(in) doing sth.为固定结构，表示“做某事有困难”。 5She cant help _(clean) the house because shes busy making a cake in the kitchen. 答案：to clean 考查固定用法。句意：她不能帮忙打扫房间，因为她正在厨房忙着做蛋糕。help(to)do sth.“帮忙做某事”，是固定短语，符合句意。注意：此处不是cant help doing sth.“禁不住做某事”这个固定词组。,1(2014安徽改编)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and_， supply more jobs. 答案：therefore 考查副词。句意：我们希望我们会在工作市场上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。,2(2014福建改编)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if _， reaching 30 in summer. 答案：ever 本题考查省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，_，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。if ever如果曾经有；如果曾经发生。根据句中的关键词quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意思是“如果曾经有(if ever)”。if ever相当于if it(the temperature) ever reached 30 in summer。,3(2014陕西改编)We would rather our daughter _(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. 答案：stayed 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。would rather后接that从句时，要用虚拟语气，如果与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时态；如果与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。根据后面的it is her choice可以判断这件事情还没发生，因而从句用一般过去时。,4(2013浙江改编)Bears build_ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. 答案：up 句意：狗熊在夏天和秋天开始脂肪的储存以使他们有足够的能量来度过冬眠。 5(2011江苏改编)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If _， wed better take it to the garage immediately. 答案：so 本题考查省略。句意：听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它带到修车厂去。if so“如果这样的话”。,6(2010重庆改编) The news shocked the public，_(lead) to great concern about students safety at school. 答案：leading 本题考查非谓语动词。根据本句的结构来看，引起的关注正是这条消息令公众震惊的同时所引起的结果，即结果状语，而作结果状语，且表达主动意义。句意：这条消息令社会震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的极大关注。,
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