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八、名词性从句,考点1 主语从句 1. that连接主语从句时, 没有具体意思, 不充当句子成分, 只是起标志性的作用, 但that不能省略。what引导时, 既要在从句中充当成分, 又有意义。 *It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。,2. whether连接从句时, 表示怀疑, 不能省略, 意为“是否”, 在句首时不能用if替换。 *It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。,3. 连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略, 并在从句中充当句子成分。 *It was never clear why the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. 这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故, 还不清楚。 4. 主语从句要用陈述语序, 即主谓语序。,【点津】(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有: It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/ wrong/important/certain等)+that从句 It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句 It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句,It+特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters)+that从句,*It is a pity that I missed the party held last night. 很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。 *It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness. 据报道, 该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。 (2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ ordered+that从句结构中, 从句用“(should+)动词原形”。,【典例剖析】用适当的连词填空 (2015广东高考)Now it occurred to him_his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 解题关键: 固定句型“it occurred to sb. +that从句”表示“某人突然想到”, it是形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的从句。 答案判定: that,【高考题组】用适当的连词填空 1. (2016江苏高考)It is often the case _ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 2. (2015全国卷)It struck me _ playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.,that,that,3. (2015陕西高考)If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely _ he will get the job. 4. (2014全国卷)Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 5. (2013湖北高考)_ delighted the fans was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.,that,when,What,考点2 宾语从句 1. that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that), 没有具体的意思, 不充当句子成分, 只是起连接作用。what引导时, 既要在从句中充当成分, 又有意义。 *Im writing to tell you that my uncle is going to your city for a conference. 我写信是想告诉你我叔叔要去你的城市开会。,2. 在whether/if连接的宾语从句中, whether/if意为“是否”(但在whether. . . or not结构中, 或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时, 以及whether+to do结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave, put, discuss, doubt, know等)的宾语时, 只能用whether, 不能用if来替换)。,*Weve offered her the job, but I dont know whether shell accept it. 我们已经为她提供了这份工作, 但我不知道她是否会接受。 *I dont know whether to leave or not. 我不知道是否要离开。,3. 连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略, 并在从句中充当句子成分。 *Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 老师总是告诉我们, 如果想要成功, 就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。,4. 有些动词或动词短语, 如like, hate, appreciate, depend on, see to等, 一般不直接跟从句, 需要借助it。 *You may depend on it that she will go with you. 你可以相信她会与你一起去。,5. 当主句的主语是第一人称时, 在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的, 就运用否定转移, 将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。 *I dont believe she will attend the meeting. 我认为她不会来参加该会议。,6. it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语后置, 常用此种结构的及物动词有find, make, think, feel, consider等。 *I find it important that we should keep calm in face of danger. 我发现我们在危险面前保持镇静是很重要的。 7. 不论主句为何种句型, 宾语从句都用陈述语序。,【典例剖析】单句改错 (2015全国卷)He found where his parents were missing. 解题关键: 句意: 他发现父母不见了。found后面接宾语从句, where表示在哪里, 不符合句意。that引导宾语从句在从句中不作成分, 只起连接作用, 而且在此句中可以省略。 答案判定: where改为that或者去掉where,【高考题组】单句改错/用适当的连词填空 1. (2016全国卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. (改错) _ 2. (2015全国卷)We would especially welcome articles about _ Americans spend their holidays and festivals.,that改为where,how,3. (2014全国卷)I hope _ I will work in a computer company as a program designer. 4. (2014全国卷)I will do a good job in _ I do. 5. (2015全国卷)They come to Lehannes group just to learn to say _ they feel. 6. (2013全国卷)I wonder _ you could sell some Chinese knots for me.,that,whatever,what,if/whether,考点3 表语从句 1. that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句, that不能省略, 没有具体的意思, 不充当句子成分, 只是起连接作用。what引导时, 既要在从句中充当成分, 又有意义。,*(2014全国卷)The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things. 最后的结果是我们感觉我们没能集中注意力或我们关注的是错误的事情。,2. whether连接从句时从句来源于一般疑问句, 为一个句意完整、语气不确定的陈述句。whether不能省略, 意为“是否”, 不能用if替换。 *His question is whether they can be friends. 他的问题是他们能否成为朋友。,3. 连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句时连接词不能省略, 并在从句中充当句子成分。 *Id like to start my own businessthats what Id do if I had the money. 如果我有这么多钱, 我会自己做买卖, 那就是我想做的事情。 4. 表语从句要用陈述语序, 即主谓语序。,【点津】常见的表语从句句型: (1)It looks/seems as if. . . 好像; 仿佛 (2)This is because. . . 这是因为(强调原因) (3)The reason why. . . is that. . . 的原因是 (4)That is why. . . 那就是的原因(强调结果),(5)The question/problem is whether/when/where. . . 问题是 (6)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that. . . 他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是 (7)what从句+be+that从句 例如: What surprised us most was that he came late again.,【典例剖析】用适当的连词填空 (2015陕西高考)My only mistake was_I dropped some on the floor when I was packing them up. 解题关键: 引导表语从句that在从句中不作成分, 只起到连接作用。 答案判定: that,【高考题组】用适当的连词填空 1. (2016北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust. 2. (2015福建高考)The first thing I would say is _ the way you begin the conversation is very important.,that,that,3. (2013四川高考)Home is _ we can remember pain, love, and some other experiences. 4. (2015全国卷)It seemed _ something clicked with the girls between Saturday and Sunday. 5. (2015四川高考)Thats _ it all started. 6. (2015天津高考)The finest and happiest years of our lives were not _ all the debts were paid.,where,that,how,when,考点4 同位语从句 在名词性从句中, 同位语从句是比较难理解的一种从句, 虽然在近几年全国卷中没有直接考查过, 但需要注意掌握其以下可能考查的方向。,1. that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句, that不能省略, 没有具体的意思, 不充当句子成分, 只起连接作用。what引导时, 既要在从句中充当成分, 又有意义。另外, 注意定语从句中的引导词that也要在从句中作成分(主语、宾语)。 *When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 当战争爆发的消息传来时, 他决定到军队中服役。,2. 连接代词、连接副词引导同位语从句时连接词不能省略, 并在从句中充当句子成分。 *The question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 3. 同位语从句要用陈述语序, 即主谓语序。,
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