2019-2020年高考英语纠错笔记系列专题12七选五含解析.doc

2019-2020年高考英语纠错笔记系列专题12七选五含解析该题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握，需要考生具有较强的逻辑思维、想象、判断、推理和归纳的能力，要求考生不但要有扎实的语言基本功，而且要有较强的逻辑思维能力，其命题体现了新课标用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力的阅读学习和教学理念。命题方式特点：1. 题型特点从题型和选项内容我们可以归纳出选项可分为三种类型：(1)主旨概括(文章整体内容)；(2)过渡性句子(文章结构)；(3)注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)。2. 选项的特点(1)正确项特点：主旨概括准确、上下文无缝衔接、注释与说明正确。(2)多余的两个干扰项特点：主旨概括句或过于宽泛，或以偏概全，或偏离主题；过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释或说明性文字的意思与上文脱节等。易错点1 忽视词汇和关键信息衔接导致的错误(1)忽视词汇线索代词Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 2 The process of urbanization the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.【错因分析】考生容易因忽视代词线索或者没有分析清楚代词所指代的对象而误选其他答案。【正确答案】D英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高。代词是指代名词或句子的，通过代词在句中的成分，可以判断它所指代内容的类型。在详读文章和选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，特别是选项中以及空格附近句子中出现的代词。根据代词的单复数和其在句子中所作的成分，我们可以找出代词指代的名词或者句子，从而帮助我们解题。(2)忽视词汇线索同义词/近义词Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【错因分析】有些学生容易忽视词汇复现而误选其他答案。【试题解析】空格前面的一句话提到了planning，direction和control，同时根据空格后面的One的提示，可知这里G中的planning与前面提到的planning是同一词。【正确答案】G七选五段落前后往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段。作者在文章中会对同一个概念重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章不同的地方重复出现。词汇复现通常有同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。七选五中，词汇线索是一个十分重要的解题方法，所以，浏览文章过程中圈出关键词十分重要。易错点2 语意理解错误Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sourcesGo to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. _2_Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior contributes to or is associated with an oute; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your mon sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements Evaluate scientific statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from mon sources.【错因分析】学生容易因对语意理解有误而误选其他答案。【正确答案】G设问在段尾所选答案应引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有关联。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项紧密相连。注意分析其与前文是转折还是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果在第一段的段尾设题，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词，如转折词来引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如：therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。易错点3 逻辑结构衔接理解错误 4 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.A. Eat your greens.【错因分析】本题学生容易误认为所填句子与文章逻辑结构无关而误选其他答案。【正确答案】A1. 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种衔接手段。2. 语篇标记语语篇标记语是指语篇中表明各种逻辑连接关系，并对语篇连贯起指示作用的词语。语篇标记语可以是表示时间顺序的first，then，next等；表达作者组织语篇方式的for example，in other words，in short等。语篇标记语不仅能表达相邻句子之间的关系，还能表明某一特定语篇的总体走向。因此，对语篇标记语了解得越多，就越可以更好地理解文章的结构和要表达的内容。3. 空前空后一篇文章的句与句之间必然有一定的逻辑关联，如果我们把其中一句抽掉，必然会影响其逻辑意义的顺畅发展。比如说空前空后的两句讨论的不是同一个主题，那么空格处所在的句子一般会起转折、改变话题等作用。(1)从行文逻辑上判断例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2 C. They can properly protect your eyes.【答案】C(2)从行文逻辑上判断转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转的逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in parison(比较起来，与比较)，by parison(相比之下)等词，则表明前后两句话存在逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折。Dont forget to forgive yourself. 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.【解析】E项中的信息forgiving themselves与本段的主题不要忘记原谅你自己意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。【答案】E(3)从行文逻辑上判断因果关系做题时最重要的是要在读懂空格前后的句子的基础上，依据彼此的关系来确认答案。有时，前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so(such).that(如此以至于)等标志性词语，表明前后句有着原因和结果的关系，说明前因后果或者前果后因等情况。Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4 A. That kept cities very small.【答案】A(4)从行文逻辑上判断递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有also(也，而且)，further(进一步地，而且)，furthermore(而且，此外)，likewise(同样地，也)，similarly(相同地，类似地)，moreover(而且，此外)，in addition(另外，加之)，whats more(更重要的是)，not only.but also(不但而且)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. _5_ Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.【解析】空格前面的一句话提到，在过去的两个世纪里，工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡。后一句话提到，现在的情况不需要95个农民养活5个城市人了，在美国一个农民就能养活一百多个非农民，与F项信息，即：现代化把人们吸引到城市里来，并使得农民更加多产一致。【答案】F(5)从行文逻辑上判断并列关系如果空格前后两句话之间有first(首先，第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二(点)，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(第一)，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，in the second place(第二，其次)；for one thing(首先，一则)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)等词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【答案】E【解题步骤】 1. 通读全文快速浏览文章，把握文章结构及主要内容，寻找主题句。2. 定位选项明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，围绕文章的整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤其要注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。3. 通读复检将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点检查逻辑关系。4. 确定排除研究多余选项，确定排除理由，以防造成易混选项误选，最终确定答案。【解题策略】熟练利用三种衔接手段词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。1. 词汇衔接词汇衔接可分为：（1）代词英语表达中代词出现的频率很高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，利用指代关系或根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。（2）同义词/近义词英语前言后语之间常有同义词、近义词、近义表达结构甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是解题的很好的判断线索。（3）上下义词/同一范畴词 什么是上下义词或同一范畴词？举例说明。如：job和driver之间就是上下义词，因为前者包含了后者。driver和doctor之间则是同一范畴的关系，都属于job。2. 逻辑衔接逻辑衔接可分为：（1）解释关系：前后句之间含有解释的逻辑关系，这样的逻辑关系较隐蔽。（2）例证关系：前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。（3） 因果关系：前后句的逻辑是因果关系，常见的逻辑表达有：because, for, since, as, the reason is that, result in/from, due to, in response to等。（4）顺逆关系：如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很可能是表转折意义的句子。（5）总分结构关系：英语文章大多数都是总分结构。3. 结构衔接结构衔接包括：（1）描述性结构（主要介绍事物、问题的特点或对人物进行描述，因此时间、地点往往是出题的重点）；（2）释义性结构（解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用举例、比喻来阐述）；（3）比较性结构（把两个人或事物的功能、特点、优缺点进行对比）；（4）原因性结构（这种结构主要分析事物的成因，有客观的、主观的、直接的和间接的等）；（5）驳斥性结构（这种结构主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其进行评论或驳斥，再分析其优点、危害性，最后阐明自己的观点）。【特别注意】辨别语境线索：语境线索主要指反应上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指称、同构等。词语重现是指词语的重复出现，不是指词语的简单重现，而是指某词语可能以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，还可能是以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现。（关键词）逻辑是事物之间内在的、必然的联系，包括时间先后关系、空间位置关系、因果关系、归纳总结关系、总分关系等。连接是指用连接词或连接语表明上下文之间的逻辑关系，如and, however。（并列关系、转折关系）指称是指用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he, she, they。同构是指上下文使用了同一或类似的句式。【答题探究】一、选项特点(1)主旨概括句（文章整体内容）(2)过渡性句子（文章结构）(3)注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）二、解题技巧1. 查看有无主题句：段首或段尾2. 看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性3. 观察语法关系：同义词或近义词的重复使用、名词单复数及动词时态的变化、动宾搭配等4. 注意代词或定冠词：it, they, this, the5. 注意特殊疑问词及标点符号: why, where, when, what 6. 注意连词: however, so, though, not onlybut also, also . 7. 灵活掌握答题顺序 8. 看选项，初步排除含有无关内容的选项。 三、七选五解题的三个切入点1. 从语境入手在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。2. 从词汇入手做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。3. 从逻辑关系入手由于英语的句、段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。常见的关联词主要有：并列与递进关系：and, or, also, neither, nor, either, or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, the same as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to, whats more等。因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course等。转折关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of等。时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with, in the meantime, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with等。四、解题步骤 具体答题步骤如下：1. 通读全文，理解大意，画出关键词先快速浏览全文，寻找主题句，快速掌握文章的主题及主要内容。在浏览完全文，对全文的大意有所了解后，我们应该顺次浏览一下所有的选项。在浏览的过程中，要特别注意选项中出现的与原文相同或者相似的词语，如果遇到这种情况，可以试着把选项代入原文，看看是否符合上下文逻辑。2. 分析衔接手段，初步试填文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。详细阅读，明确各段的主旨，并找出各个小段落的关键词，为解题做好铺垫。然后再明确各选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。一般来说，文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或其近义词，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复，使用语篇标记语连接句子等，即词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。我们要对文章汇总出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。有时候我们在读文章时即使没有发现明显的衔接手段，也能感觉到字里行间千丝万缕的逻辑关联。3. 做好标记，排除干扰项 一旦确定一个选项，就在该选项上做出标记(如删除符号)，以避免其干扰和分散我们的注意力。我们在选完答案后，还要注意对多余选项进行对比分析。由于多余选项可能会与某个正确选项的内容相近，所以我们要对其进行研究，确定排除理由，从而选出正确答案。4. 代入重读，确定答案 最后，我们还需要将选项代入到文章重读，检查文章逻辑是否合理、语义是否清晰、语句是否连贯通畅，从而判断所选答案是否正确。【特别注意】解七选五类型的题目需注意以下几点：1. 根据解题技巧可能发现有两处或三处与该空格有关系，此时必须要冷静分析哪一个选项与该段或整篇文章关系最紧密。2. 对该题型大家关注的内容主要是空格前后的内容，在把握好整篇文章主题的前提下，无需对离空格太远的句子进行分析。3. 分析选项中的时态是否与全文时态吻合，不能吻合的选项可直接排除。【巧学妙记】七选五做题口诀口诀一：七选五，重结构；给标题，猜大意；段首句，主题句；空前后，靠逻辑；陈述否定祈使句。看标点，大小写；冠名代，特关键；K(=key words)F(=foretelling)C(=connection)，细品味；主旨过渡细节类。口诀二：文章标题猜大意，段首段尾主题句；空前空后逻辑性，同义举例与对比；代词冠词大小写，标点符号关键词；相似句式或排比，多个条款要对起。高考真题题组一 xx年真题Passage 1（xx新课标全国卷I）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and unfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in mon with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with fortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer plete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I remend that you find your way in style.A. Thistimetherewasnotent.B. Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C. Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D. Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E. ImustsaythatIhavecertainlyetoenjoycamping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【答案】【语篇解读】三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。37. C 【解析】根据后文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。38. A 【解析】根据前文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很艰苦，而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with fortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was no tent这次没有帐篷了暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。39. F 【解析】根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer plete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping(那次露营之后，我的家人开始对露营感兴趣)符合语境，故选F。Passage 2（xx新课标全国卷II）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now. 37 . Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to e back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 . It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office. 39 , its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE. Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt youG. Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。为避免工作被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，文章提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。36. B 【解析】根据there are several ways to handle things可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子，根据语境故选B。37. A 【解析】根据后文Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time可知，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。39. D 【解析】根据后文its much easeier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are可知，此句中it指代前文dont do it in your own office，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易。故选D。40. G 【解析】根据If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。Passage 3（xx新课标全国卷III）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. 36 Heres how to make one. 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But pensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39 Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制订一个计划去调节生物钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头疼的事。36. C 【解析】根据后句中的关键词one可以判断出，根据空前及空后的内容可知，空处应为解决方法，再结合所给选项可知只有C选项符合语境。37. B 【解析】本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，弄清早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是什么。因此B项可以概括本段的中心。39. F 【解析】根据段落的中心句可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断出Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day符合语境。故选F。40. E 【解析】后句建议人们如果这样做没作用就尝试新办法，由此推断出该空与If not对应，即如果有效果的话如何去做。故选E。Passage 4（xx浙江）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, Why do you think environmental protection is important in America? 32 Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say, Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic. This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged. 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35 If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you approach people, be polite.C. If you dont own a camera, you can buy one.D. For new reporters, this can