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Unit 4 Helping people around the world (主题语境:人与自我做人与做事),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.lack vt.(所需事物的)缺乏,短缺;没有(某事物) n.缺少,不足 高考佳句 What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. 现在所缺乏的是青少年对自主性的渴望与他们对不安全世界的理解之间的冲突。 (1)lack+n.缺乏 lack for+n.(多用于否定句中)需要;需求 (2)for lack of+n.因缺乏 a lack of+n.缺乏 no lack of不缺乏 (3)be lacking in sth.不足;缺乏 用法点拨lack不用于被动语态。,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)It the power of the Italian cars. 它没有意大利汽车动力强劲。 (2)Despite his ,he got the job. 他虽然经验不足,但还是获得了这份工作。 (3)Many associations are breaking up money. 许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。 (4)But you cant be successful when theres trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. 但如果出错的人不负责修正错误的话,就会出现信任缺失,那么你就不会成功。,lacks,lack of experience,for lack of,a lack of,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.worthy adj.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的 经典例句 That is worthy of note. 那件事值得注意。 (1)be worthy of sth./of being done/to be done值得(做)某事 (2)worthwhile adj.重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间或花钱、努力(等)的 Its worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事 (3)worth adj.值得的;值钱的 n.价值 be worth+n.值得,值 be worth doing sth.值得做某事,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 用worth,worthwhile,worthy填空 (1)The factory is visiting. (2)The factory is of a visit. (3)The factory is of being visited. (4)The factory is to be visited. (5)Its visiting the factory. (6)This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cooking your time is experimentation.,worth worthy worthy worthy,worthwhile,worth,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.equal adj.平等的;同等的 n.同等的人;相等物 高考佳句 It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers,he says.(2017天津卷,阅读理解) 他说,这将使得完全无人驾驶汽车与有人驾驶汽车处于平等的法律平台。 (1)A equals B in.A在方面比得上B be equal to+ n./doing sth.等于;与相等;胜任 be without equal/have no equal无与伦比;无敌 (2)equality n.相等;平等 equally adv.相等地;平等地,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)None of us can equal(= )her,either in beauty or as a dancer. 不管是论容貌还是论舞艺我们都比不上她。 (2)The film demands attention,and has no equal(=is ) in cinema history. 那部电影众人瞩目,在电影史上无与伦比。 (3)Success doesnt only depend on what you do.What you dont do is important. 成功不仅在于你做什么,你没有做什么也同样重要。,be equal to,without equal,equally,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.contribute vt.投稿 make a contribution/contributions to对做出贡献,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 写出句子中contribute的含义 (1)Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.(2016四川卷,阅读理解) (2)All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster areas. (3)She contributed a number of articles to the magazine. (4)Rosa Parks made a great (contribute)to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.,贡献,捐献,撰稿,contribution,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.acquire vt.购得;获得,得到 经典例句 Boldnessa willingness to extend yourself to the extremeis not one that can be acquired overnight. 勇敢一种把自己延伸到极限的意愿,不是一个人一夜之间可以获得的。 (1)acquire sth.学会,获得 acquire a habit of.养成的习惯 acquire a taste for.开始喜欢上 (2)acquisition n.取得,获得,习得;获得物,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)At the age of six months she ,along with her sister,by John Ashley,a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. 六个月大的时候她和她的妹妹被马萨诸塞州的一个叫约翰安什利的富有的奴隶主买去。 (2)Gradually we how to do the work. 我们逐步获得了如何做这份工作的经验。,was acquired,acquired experience in,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.means n.手段,方法 经典例句 Older parents would have called their children if the means of doing so had not been a barrier. 如果年纪大的父母这样做的方式没有障碍的话,会给孩子打电话的。 (1)means of transportation运输工具,运输方式 means of communication通信手段 a means of doing sth.做某事的方法/途径 a means to an end达到目的的方法 (2)by means of用,凭借 by no means=not by any means决不;一点也不 by all means当然可以;尽一切办法,务必,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)She could not speak,but made her wishes known _ signs. 她不会说话,但她用手势表达了她的愿望。 (2)The truth was that the people from whom I looked for help were _my good friends. 实际情况是,我所求助的那些人决不是我的好朋友。 (3)Every possible means ,and we find only by this means is it possible to persuade him. 一切可行的方法都试过了,结果我们发现只有用这种方法才可能劝得动他。,by means of,by no means,has been tried,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.crowd n.人群 vi.大群地 be crowded with满是 四维热练 (1)Usually,it is so that I cant find anywhere to sit. 通常地铁很拥挤,我找不到座位。 (2)The famous actress was surrounded by fans. 那位知名的女演员被一群粉丝围绕着。,crowded,a crowd of,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.refer to 谈及,提到;与相关,涉及;查阅,参考 高考佳句 The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty.(2016全国卷,阅读理解) 第六段画线部分单词“them”指的是Welty。 (1)refer to sb.as/to be.将某人称为 (2)reference n.提及,涉及;参考 a reference book参考书,工具书 make(a)reference to提及,涉及 with/in reference to关于,有关 for reference以备查阅,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)In his speech,he a recent trip to Canada. 他在演讲中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。 (2)Our economy a free market. 我们的经济被称作自由市场经济。 (3) your question about cost,the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. 关于你咨询的费用问题,这部电影的票价是每张35元。 (4)The result of the research is only. 这个研究结果仅供参考。,referred to,is referred to as,In reference to,for reference,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.remind sb.of让某人想起,提醒某人 经典例句 The book caught the boys eye because it reminded him of his own dog. 这本书引起了男孩儿的注意,因为它让他想起了自己的狗。,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(1)remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人去做某事 remind sb.that.提醒某人 (2)reminder n.起提醒作用的物 “v.+sb.+of sth.”短语 cure sb.of sth. 治好某人的病 accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的某物,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Obey your orders and remind you pills. 服从你的命令,提醒你吃药。 (2)The shape reminds him the spires of the churches of London. 那个形状让他想起了伦敦教堂的塔尖。 (3)The incident served as a timely of just how dangerous mountaineering can be. 这次事故及时地提醒了人们登山运动有时会有多危险。,to take,of,reminder,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(4)Back home,I reminded that what my mother could do,I could,too. 回到家,我提醒自己:妈妈能做的,我也可以。 (5)A movement is underway to remind us _ lights when we are not using them. 正在进行的一项运动提醒我们不用灯时要关掉。,myself,to switch off/to turn off,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.make a difference有作用(关系、影响) 高考佳句 They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess:the power to make a difference in the lives of others.(2016四川卷,阅读理解) 他们拥有一种我们都有的不同的超能量:一种对别人的命运有重大影响的能量。 make no difference(to sb./sth.)(对某人/物)没有作用或影响 make some difference(to sb./sth.)(对某人/物)有些作用或影响 tell the difference分辨;区分;区别,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)It to me whether he comes here or not. 他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。 (2)Can you between the two words? 你能区别这两个单词吗? (3)Your age shouldnt whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到这份工作应该与你的年龄无关。,makes no difference,tell the difference,make any difference to,-24-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.break down 出故障;抛锚;瓦解,分解;失败;崩溃;损坏,拆毁 经典例句 He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. 想到自己不能把所有的报纸卖完,他要崩溃了。 break up打碎;分解;终止;破裂 break out爆发;突然发生 break in闯入;打断,插嘴 break away(from)与脱离;与断绝关系;打破(陈规陋习) break through战胜,突围;穿过而出现;突破 break off停顿,中断;断开,折断 break into强行进入,闯入;打断(谈话、讨论);突然开始 break the rule违反规定,-25-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,易混辨析 break down与break up 两者在表示“击碎,粉碎,拆散”时意思非常相近,可通用。但是在表示化学性质的分解时多用break down;表示“驱赶,使解散”时多用break up;表示婚姻、友情等关系破裂时用break up。,-26-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Chemicals in the body our food into useful substances. 人体内的化学物质把食物分解成有用的物质。 用break相关短语的适当形式填空 (2)He said his computer had . (3)Those old cars will be for scraps. (4)Last night somebody Mr Browns house and took away many things. (5)A fire after we got home.,break down,broken down,broken up,broke into,broke out,-27-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(6)The boy often while his parents are speaking. (7)You must from bad habits. (8)After the heavy rain the sun the clouds. (9)My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car . (10)The ice began to on the river.,breaks in,break away,broke through,broke down,break up,-28-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.wear out 使筋疲力尽;使厌烦;穿破,用坏 经典例句 Mother always complains that children wear out their shoes very quickly. 母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把他们的鞋穿破了。 wear ones long hair/a short beard留长发/留短胡须 wear glasses/a ring戴眼镜/戴戒指 wear on慢慢地过去;时间消逝 wear sb./oneself out使疲乏,使厌烦,使筋疲力尽 be worn out破旧不堪;筋疲力尽,-29-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)However,as time passes,the paper or silk covers inevitably gets . 然而,随着时间的流逝,纸质或者丝绸的封面不可避免地就变得破旧不堪了。 (2)The kids have totally me . 孩子们简直把我烦透了。,worn out,worn out,-30-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.think back to回想过去;回忆起 经典例句 While coping with the challenges of life in Britain,I always think back to the time when I was with you. 在应付英国生活的挑战时,我总会回想到当时与你在一起的日子。 think of记起,想起;考虑;想象;关心 think about考虑 think to oneself盘算;自思自忖 think for oneself独立思考 think twice再三考虑;重新考虑 think over仔细考虑;重新考虑 think oneself as自认为是 think highly of高度评价,尊重 think up想出;发明;虚构,-31-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)“I have to do this,”I . “我不得不做这个,”我暗自思考。 (2)People for your honesty and professionalism. 人们很欣赏你的诚实和专业。 (3)You always before you say something. 你说话之前总是再三考虑。 (4)Why does it make me so sad when I that time? 为什么每当我回想起那段日子我会如此悲伤?,think to myself,think highly of you,think twice,think back to,-32-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.这块地过去难以耕种,但现在水已经被抽进了地里。(Page 49) “主语+be+形容词+动词不定式”是一个固定句型。该句型中常用的形容词有difficult,easy,hard,light,heavy,nice,pleasant,comfortable,interesting,expensive等;用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。若动词是一个不及物动词,要加上合适的介词。,-33-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Many bad habits can be especially . 许多坏习惯特别难以纠正。 (2)The house is comfortable . 这所房子住起来很舒服。,difficult to correct,to live in,-34-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.I would rather you hadnt told me about it.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。(Page 56) (1)would rather do sth.than(do)sth. =would do.rather than do. =prefer to do.rather than do. 宁愿做而不愿做 (2)would rather do sth.宁愿做 (3)would rather +(that)从句 从句时态: 过去时(与现在或将来事实相反) 过去完成时(与过去事实相反) (4)rather than而不是,-35-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)One day a couple of weeks into the summer he came to me and said he made a mistake and would rather at my basketball camp. 进入夏季几周后的某一天,他来和我说他犯了个错误,想在我的篮球训练营工作。 (2)We would rather our daughter at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer. 我们宁愿女儿留在家,和我们在一起。可是,那是她的选择,她已经不再是个孩子了。,work,stayed,-36-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.If only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿有更多的人捐款给慈善机构!(Page 57) 句中if only.意为“要是就好了”,用来表达愿望,句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 (1)if only.had done.表示对与过去事实相反的愿望 (2)if only.did.表示对与现在事实相反的愿望 (3)if only.could/would/might do.表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should) (4)only if意为“只要”,相当于as long as,位于句首时,其后句子用倒装语序。,-37-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)If only I back and reset my goals. 要是我能回去重新制定我的目标就好了。 (2)If only I her of the news,she wouldnt be so sad. 要是我不告诉她这个消息就好了,她就不会如此伤心。 (3)If only they here now,we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 如果他们现在在这里,我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念。 用if only,only if填空 (4)I failed again. I had had time to review my lessons. (5) I make full preparations will I pass the test next time.,could go,hadnt informed,were,If only,Only if,-38-,.单句语法填空 1.They are potential powers we (possession):energy,skill, sound judgement,creative ideaseven physical strength greater than most of us realize. 2.There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer to,and which no words can (description). 3.A (political)may read an account of his latest successful public meeting,not for its delayed reward,but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. 4.We are a (volunteer)organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.,possess,describe,politician,voluntary,-39-,5.The two groups remembered the information (equal) well. 6.These days the industrys most (urge)question may be how to control the flow of tourists. 7.In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so (mud)that people,horses,and carts got stuck. 8.I was wrapped heavily and well (shelter)from the freezing and blowing weather. 9. (starve)is taking peoples lives in the world. 10.You asked me my experiences in this small (mountain) school.Now let me tell you a story that happened in my first class in this school.,equally,urgent,muddy,sheltered,Starvation,mountainous,-40-,.单句改错 1.If only I have a car,I could get out of this place. _ 2.Rather than working in such a bad condition,he would give up. _ 3.Lacking of time prevented me from writing to you. _ 4.The water may be carried by mean of a pipe. _ 5.There occurred nothing worth to be mentioned. _,havehad workingwork LackingLack meanmeans worthworthy,-41-,.话题微写作 翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。 1.现在,很多年轻人做志愿工作。(voluntary) 2.有些人去偏远的山区为留守儿童授课。(mountainous) 3.这些地区缺乏干净的自来水。(lack) 4.此外,孩子们每天走着泥泞的路去上学。(in addition) 5.如果人人都做出点贡献,我们就会对他人的生活产生影响。(contribution,make a difference),-42-,Nowadays,many young people do voluntary work.Some go to remote mountainous areas to teach left-behind children.These areas lack clean running water.In addition,children have to walk on the muddy path to school.If everyone makes a contribution,we will make a difference to others lives.,
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