资源描述
111Unit 5 Nelson Mandela A Moder HeroThe Third Period ( Grammarthe usage of to do difinitive)The analysis of teaching materials To do difinitive is one of Non-Predicate verbs, which are difficult to master for students. So this class focuses on this part to make students to understand the importance of to do difinitive and how to use and make sentences by using it.The analysis of students Most of students are poor in enlish grammar, especially Non-Predicate verbs . however, Non-Predicate verbs are very important in tests, so mastering these grammars are also necessary for us learners.Teaching goals:Make students become familiar with the usesage of to do difinitive.Teaching important and difficult points. Let students understand and master the ussage of to do difinitive.Teaching proceduresStep1 Revision Before having class, show students some sentences with the form of to do difinitive to make students get the general idea about this knowledge.Eg To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.It is interesting to play this game.Your job is to type the papers in the office.They decided to build a highway between these two cities.The police proved him to be a thief.But she gave up the chance to go abroad.I am very sorry to hear that.Step2 The usage of to do difinitive一. 动词不定式各种形式有：一般式、完成式、不定式的进行式、不定式的完成进行式、不定式一般式和完成式的被动语态。1.一般式：表示的动作通常与主要的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。to do（主动） to be done（被动）2. 进行式：表示谓语的动作或情况发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行。to be doing（主动）3. 完成式：表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前。to have done （主动） to have been done（被动）Im sorry to have done that fool thing. 4. 完成进行式：表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生并一直进行着。to have been doing（主动）二 To do difinitive 的基本用法1.作主语(1) 动词不定式放在句首作句子的主语表示某个特指的动作。To swim in the river is dangerous for us.（特指）(2) 用it作形式主语在很多情况下，为了平衡句用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式（句子真正的主语）移到谓语后面。例：It is important for me to learn English well2. 作表语不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容或表示目的例：My job is to teach you English3. 作宾语（1）作动词的宾语He wanted to go.有时可以用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。例如： I find it hard to persuade her.（2）. 作介词的宾语不定式可作介词but和except的宾语。不定式在介词but, except后面时，如果but , except之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么but, except后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。I have no choice but to go.4、作宾补 可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, hear, order, see, tell, want, wish, watch等。例如： The doctor advised her no to eat too much sugar. I wish you to go to the meeting with me.believe, consider, count, declare, deny, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think等动词后可接to be型不定式作宾补。例如：He declared himself to be a college student. 他自称是名大学生。hope, demand, suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。例如：【误】I hope my son to be back soon.【正】I hope my son will be back soon.【误】She suggests us to have a discussion about it.【正】She advises us to have a discussion about it.【正】She suggests that we (should) have a discussion about it.在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)。例如：Who made him work all night long?但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。例如：He was seen to break the window.5、作定语 动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。例如：Have you got anything to eat? (to eat修饰anything，位于其后)下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语： ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish等。例如：But she gave up the chance to go abroad.由only, first, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。例如：Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?6、作状语 动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。例如：We went there to see our grandparents.（目的）I am very sorry to hear that.（原因）She hurried home only to find her father dead.（结果）To look at the picture, you would like it.（条件）作目的状语，还可以使用in order to或so as to。例如：The boy worked so hard in order to make up for the lost time.结果状语还可以使用enough to, tooto, soas to, such as to等结构。例如：He got up too late to miss the early bus.She was in such a hurry as not to notice me. 她如此匆忙，以致没有注意到我。Step 3 Summary.从上可知to do 不定式可以作主语 宾语 表语 定语状语 宾补。课堂练习：1. The teacher told them _ make so much noise. （C 类） A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _by his little sister. （A类） A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry 3. He doesnt know _ to stay or not. （C类） A. whether B. if C. either D. if he will 4. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. （B类） A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 5. He was too excited _. （A类） A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking Step 4 Chalkboard design （板书设计）Grammarthe uasage of to do difinitive1. 不定式的各种形式2. 不定式的基本用法A 做主语b 作表语c 作宾语d 作宾补e 作定语f 作状语例题解释：To swim in the river is dangerous for us.My job is to teach you EnglishHe was seen to break the window.Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?Step 5 Homewoke1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. （A类） A. sit B. sit on C. be sit D. be sat on 2. Im hungry. Get me something _. （C 类） A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating 3.- I usually go there by train. （B类） - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 4. She did nothing _ at the photo. （A类） A. except look B. but to look C. except to look D. but looking 5. I asked him to _ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems. （B类） A. spend B. spare C. save D. share 6. They wont let their teacher _ in that way. （C 类） A. to be treated B. being treated C. treated D. be treated 7. John, you must get your room _ after breakfast. （C 类） A. to be cleaned B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 8. The problem _ at tomorrows meeting is a very difficult one. （A类） A. being discussed B. discussed C. to be discussed D. to discuss 9. He reached the station _ only _ that the train had just left. （A类） A. tired； learned B. tiring； learning C. to tire； to learn D. tired； to learn 10. - Did that book give the information you needed? （A类） - Yes, but _, we had to read it almost entirely. A. for finding it B. to find it C. finding it D. by finding it 36-40 BBDAB 41-45 DDCDB111
展开阅读全文