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111Period 4Grammar（Direct Speech and Indirect Speech()）整体设计从容说课This is the fourth teaching period of this unit. To test whether the students have grasped the important and difficult language points they learned in the last period, the teacher should first offer them some revision exercises.This teaching period is a grammar lesson. The students are expected to make clear what a command is and what a request is, and how to turn their direct speech into indirect speech in this period.In this lesson, we will first offer a supposed situation and make the students learn about the differences between demands and requests. The situation makes students know that in English, giving commands is less polite than making a request. Not everyone should give commands. People who often give commands are bosses, teachers and parents. If giving commands, we use such structures as “Do. . . ” and “Dont. . . ”; if making a request, we can say “Please do. . . ”, “Will/Would you(please). . . ? ”, “Can/Could you(please). . . ? ”, etc.Later on, well summarize the rules of turning Direct speech into Indirect speech and make students know:if we change commands, we may use the pattern:sb. told/ordered sb. else(not)to do sth. ; if we change requests, we can use “sb. asked sb. else(not)to do sth. ”. Then ask them to do exercises and make dialogues according to supposed situations. This can help the students connect grammar rules with proper language forms so as to make grammar rules less abstract.教学重点 Get the students to master the rules of how to express a request and a command in direct speech and indirect speech.教学难点Enable the students to use a request and a command in direct speech and indirect speech.教学方法 1. Task-based teaching and learning2. Cooperative learning3. Discussion and practice教具准备 A projector and other normal teaching tools三维目标Knowledge aim:Get the students to learn the rules of requests and commands in direct speech and indirect speech.Ability aim:Enable the students to use the rules properly in different situations.Emotional aim:Enable the students to communicate with others well by using requests and commands properly.教学过程设计方案（一）Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Get the students to dictate some useful words and expressions.3. Change a statement or a question into indirect speech.Step 2 Summarizing the difference between commands and requestsThe teacher speaks to three students:Xiao Ming, close the door.Xiao Mei, please pass on the dictionary to Li Ming.Wang Juan, will you please answer me a question?Write the three sentences on the blackboard. Ask what the difference is among them. Then tell the students:Speaking the first sentence, I give a command. Using “Please. . . ” or “Will you please. . . ? ”, I make requests. Show the following on the screen.Direct SpeechCommandsDo. . . /Dont. . .RequestsDo. . . , please.Can/Could you(please). . . ?Will/Would you(please). . . ?Step 3 Practice(1)Turn to Page 12.1. Change the commands into requests(Exercise 3 in Discovering useful structures). Students work in pairs.2. Make dialogues using the commands/requests. Work in pairs. Students are encouraged to imagine interesting dialogues.Sample dialogues:Situation 1A: Excuse me. Who would do me a favor to close the door?B: Speak louder, please.A: Will you please close the door?B: OK. I will.A: Thank you very much.B: My pleasure.Situation 2A: Excuse me. Its time for me to get off. Would you please make way for me?B: Of course. Ill be happy to make way for you. Go ahead.A: Thank you.B: Youre welcome. Oh, my God, I need to loose my weight.3. Do Exercise 2(Using structures Page 50)Students read the exercise to know what they are expected to do, then do it individually. While checking the answers, deal with any problems students may meet.Step 4 Summarizing the rules of turning Direct speech into Indirect speechWork in pairs.Show some examples on the screen. Ask students to study them carefully and discuss in pairs to find out the rules.“Make sure the light is off, ” The teacher said to me.The teacher told me to make sure the light was off.“Dont play balls in the street, ” the policeman said to us. The policeman told us not to play balls in the street.“Can you lend me ten dollars? ” Mary said.Mary asked me to lend her ten dollars.“Will you please not smoke here? ” she said.She asked me not to smoke here.A few minutes later, ask one student to write his or her answers in the table.Direct SpeechIndirect speechCommandsDo/Dont. . .RequestsDo. . . , please.Can/Could you(please). . . ?Will/Would you(please). . . ?After discussion, the correct answer is shown on the blackboard. The students can see:Direct SpeechIndirect speechCommandsDo/Dont. . .Sb. told sb. else(not)to do. . .RequestsDo. . . , please.Can/Could you(please). . . ?Will/Would you(please). . . ?Sb. asked sb. else(not)to do. . .Conclusion:If we change commands, we may use the patterns:sb. told/ordered sb. else(not)to do sth. ; if we change requests, we can use “sb. asked sb. else(not)to do sth. ”Step 5 Practice(2)1. Turn to Page 50. Do Exercise 1 in Using structures.Teacher makes a dialogue with two students. Just like the following:T:Turn on the light, Mary.A:What did our teacher tell Mary?B:She told Mary to turn on the light.Students work in groups of 3.2. Ask students to work in groups of 3 to make a dialogue. Be sure to use indirect and direct speech and requests.Supposed situation:A doesnt know the way to the cinema and turns to C for help. B retells Cs words to A.Step 6 Consolidation1. They werent talking to you, but you heard them. What did you hear them say?1)She told him to shut up. I am sure I heard her say to him “_”.2)He asked her to speak louder. I am sure I heard him ask her “_”.3)She told her to try the lift. I am sure I heard her say to her “_”.4)He told them not to wait for him. I am sure that I heard him say to him “_”.5)She told him to stop wasting time. I am sure I heard her say to him “_”.6)The girl asked her father to tell her a story. I am sure I heard her ask him “_”.2. Work in pairs. Look at the Dos and Donts below. Turn them into commands and requests. First use Direct Speech, then use Indirect Speech.DosDontsBuy some bread for her. Make too much noise.Help her tidy the room. Forget to put your umbrella in the stand.Speak quietly on the phone. Smoke in the bathroom.Turn down the radio. Stay up too late.3. GamesChoose two students act as two robots. One listens to the requests, the other listens to the commands. Other students give either requests or commands, and the robots do what the students ask them to do.If time is limited, it can be done as homework.Step 7 Homework1. Finish off the workbook exercises.2. Prepare the next part.板书设计Unit 2English around the worldGrammar:the Imperative Sentence and Its Indirect SpeechDirect SpeechIndirect speechCommandsDo/Dont. . .Sb. told sb. else(not)to do. . .RequestsDo. . . , please.Can/Could you(please). . . ?Will/Would you(please). . . ?Sb. asked sb. else(not)to do. . .活动与探究If you are an assistant, make some Dos and Donts for your school library. Then make dialogues with your classmates using commands and requests and the indirect speech.111
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