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,请根据下面的提示，以“南极洲Antarctica”为题写一篇短文(词数：100词左右)。 1. 南极洲在地球的最南端(extreme south)； 2. 它的面积大约14万平方公里； 3. 它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆盖； 4. 它的自然资源有企鹅 (penguin)、鲸(whale)、铁、煤等； 5. 目前还只有一些科学工作者在那里。 范文背诵 Antarctica Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth. It has an area of about 140，000 square kilometers. It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year longBut it is a very rich continent,It has many well-known animals such as penguins, whales and it is also rich in mineral resources including iron, coal and so onUp to now only some visiting scientists live thereMaybe one day lots of households will live there. 句型背诵 Antarctica, which is the coldest continent in the world, lies in the extreme south of the earth. It is covered with cold thick ice and deep snow all year long. Up to now only some visiting scientists live there,1. _ adj. 每年的；按年度计算的；n. 年刊；年鉴 _ adv.年度地；每年地 2. _ n.住所；住宿 _ v.能容纳；能供留宿 3. _ prep.在对面；adj.相对的；相反的 _ n. 反对，敌对；抵抗 _ adv.相反地 4. _ n.深（度）；深处 _ adj. 深的；深刻的 _ adv.深深地；强烈地；非常地 5. _ vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 _ n. 紧急；迫切 _ adj.急迫的，迫切的，紧急的 6. _ vt. 放弃；抛弃；遗弃 _ adj. 放纵的；堕落的 _ n.放弃 7. _ n. 关系；血缘关系；交往 _ n. 关系；关联 _ adj. 比较上的；相对的 8. _ n.保护；保存 _ v.保存；保护 _ adj.保守的；保守主义的,句型背诵 It is said that slightly more than 50%,9. _ vt. 思考；映射；反射;vi.思考 _ n. 反射；回响 _ adj.反射的；反省的 10. _ adj. 意识到的；知道的 _ n. 觉察；自觉，觉悟 11. _ adj.好的；整齐的；匀称的 _ adv. 整洁地；干净地 12. _ adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的 _ adv. 仅仅；勉强地 答案：1. annual; annually2. accommodation; accommodate 3. opposite; opposition; oppositely4. depth; deep; deeply 5. urge; urgency; urgent6. abandon; abandoned; abandonment 7. relationship; relation; relative 8. conservation; conserve; conservative 9. reflect; reflection; reflective10. aware; awareness 11. neat; neatly12. narrow; narrowly,1. _ the sea 海底世界 2. _ the internet 在网上 3. sort _ 分类 4. yell _ 大声喊出 5. ahead _ 在前面 6. have . _ 穿衣服 7. lead sb. _ 引领某人到 8. draw _ 靠近 9. a pack _ 一包 10. _ that moment 正在那时 11. aim _ 瞄准 12. let . _ 让离开 13. bring _ 收回； 引进 14. take _ 继承；接管；占据 15. help（.） _ 帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难,16. upside_ 上下翻转 答案：1. under 2. on 3. out 4. out 5. of 6. on 7. to 8. closer 9. of 10. at 11. at 12. go 13. in 14. over 15. out16. down,1. I _ _ heard that George didnt like being kept waiting, _ _ _ I didnt have the right clothes on, I raced after him. 我以前就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起来。 2._ Jamess_ , I_ _ he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。 答案：1. had already; so even though2. From; face; could see,1. witness vt.当场见到；目击n.目击者；证人；证据 I witnessed an accident on my way home yesterday. 昨天我在回家的路上目击到一场事故。 He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他作证说他看到那个人进入房间。 The police found the witness to the murder case. 警察找到了这件谋杀案的证据。 The old man witnessed for（=gave witness to） an accused person. 那位老人为被告作证。 用法点拨： witness 作名词时当表示“某人某事的证据或证人”时，该所,属关系用介词to,不用of 。类似于the key to question，即：a witness to sb./sth. 当表示“为作证;证明”时， 用bear/give witness to. 上述to均为介词。 witness 作动词时表示“为作证”时，用witness for. 表示“作证证明发生了”时， 用witness to sth./doing sth. 【速记名片】 一石四鸟之句 The witness(目击者) who witnessed（目击） the accident bore witness（作证） to the police and promised to be a witness（证人） to the accident. 目击了这场事故的目击者向警察提供证据并答应做证人。,【即学即练】 完成句子 我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔麦考利夫历史性的飞行。 We all came _ _ history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa McAuliffe. 他作证证明看到那个男人进入这个建筑物。 He_ _ having seen the man enter the building. 在世无朋友,死后无证人。 Life without a friend is death_ _ _ . 答案：to witnesswitnessed towithout a witness 2. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 【联想拓展】 urgency n.紧急；迫切；急迫 urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的;执拗的 We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality of nations big or small.,我们中国人民一贯坚决主张国无大小应一律平等。 Mother urged me not to tell you anything about it 妈妈要求我什么也不要对你说。 常用结构： urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth. 力劝/催促某人做某事 urge sb. to do sth. =urge sb. into doing sth.激励/怂恿某人做某事 have an urge to do sth.迫切要求做某事 urge that.=It is urged that.极力主张（用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形） 【即学即练】 完成句子 他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。 They_ me _ eat the strange food. 他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。 He waved his hand as if_ us on. 她主张我应该向他道歉。,She_ _ I (should) apologize to him. 他们坚持他们所提出的要求。 They in their demands. 答案：urged;tourgeurged thatwere urgent 3. abandon vt. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 【联想拓展】 abandoned adj. 放荡的，放纵的，无拘束的 Im sorry I abandoned you like that. 很抱歉我那样突然抛下你走了。 We will never abandon our principles. 我们应该坚持原则。 People were shouting and cheering with abandon. 人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。 常用结构： abandon oneself to沉湎于;纵情于 abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 with abandon放纵地,【即学即练】 完成句子 他们沉湎于饮酒。 They _ _ _ _ . 不要悲观失望。 Dont _ _ _ _ . 答案：abandon themselves to drinking abandon yourself to despair 【速记名片】 一石三鸟之句 The boy was abandoned by his mother. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street, abandoning himself to despair. 那个男孩被他的妈妈抛弃了。后来有人发现这个被抛弃的孩子在大街上流浪，他已陷入了绝境。 【易混辨析】 abandon/desert/forsake abandon 强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。,desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。 forsake 通常表示与某人或某物脱离关系或戒掉坏习惯。 【即学即练】 用abandon, desert, forsake的适当形式填空 Jackson has_ his old car. The police are looking for a woman who _ her children. She has_ her boyfriend. 答案：abandoneddesertedforsaken 4. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 He was not aware of his failure. 他没意识到自己的失败。 I am too sleepy to be aware how cold it is. 我太困了，以致没觉察到天气那么冷。,常用结构： bebecome aware of sth意识到某事 be aware that-clause知道；意识到 make sbaware that-clause提醒某人注意 make sbaware of.让某人注意到 as far as Im aware据我所知 【即学即练】 完成句子 他没有意识到危险。 He wasnt _ _ the danger 她知道我要来吗? Is she _ _ Im coming? 答案：aware ofaware that 温馨提示：aware adj. 意为“知道的，明白的，意识到”， 即having knowing。通常作表语或补足语，不作定语，后接that从句或of 介词短语。aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。,5. hang v.挂，吊；绞死；低垂；下垂 Big lights hung from the ceiling. 天花板上吊着几盏大吊灯。 The branches hung down and touched the water. 树枝低垂，下拂水面。 常用结构： hang back踌躇不前，退缩 hang down下垂，低下头 hang on to紧紧握住；坚持下去 hang about=hang around徘徊，荡来荡去 hang up挂，吊；拖延；终止；挂断电话 【即学即练】 完成句子 预算问题使得该工程推迟了几个月。 Budget problems_ _ the project for months. 那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。 The boy_ his head in shame. 答案：hung up hung,【速记名片】 hang动词时态的两种变化为：规则的“绞死”，不规则的“悬挂”即： hang-hung-hung 悬挂 hang-hanged-hanged绞死；上吊 【即学即练】 单项填空 The picture_ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 解析：选B。考查现在分词作定语的用法。根据句意“墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的”可知，空白处所填的动词形式在句中作定语，表说话时仍在进行的动作或所处的状态。解题关键在于分析picture与hang之间的逻辑关系。,6. throw oneself out of 跃出 【联想拓展】 throw oneself at冲向 throw oneself into投身手；积极从事 throw away扔掉 throw up呕吐 throw sb. into prison把某人投入监狱 throw at对准向扔去(希望击中) throw to向(方向)扔去 【即学即练】 完成句子 那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。 The man suddenly _ himself _ the water and said “Im here”. 我们满怀热情地投入到准备工作中。,We _ ourselves_ the preparations with enthusiasm. 他突然被投入监狱。 He was _ _ prison. 答案：threw; out ofthrew; intothrown into 7. bring in带来; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进 【联想拓展】 bring about changes引起变化 bring along把带来 bring back归还;把送回；使回忆起 bring down使倒下；降低；减少 bring on使前进；使发生，导致 bring out取出，说出；出版 bring up教育；抚养；呕吐；提出 【即学即练】 完成句子 他上个月介绍了六位新会员。 He_ _ six new members last month. 飞行员把失灵的飞机降落在田野里。 The pilot_ his crippled plane_ in a field.,这张旧照片引起了许多回忆。 The old photo_ _ many memories. 答案：brought inbrought downbrought back 单项填空 You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had_ her children. A. brought up B. to bring up C. bringing up D. to have brought up 解析:选C。本题中的the woman had为定语从句修饰difficulty，意为“在方面的困难”即have difficulty in doing sth.句型，其中in可省。,8. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(P19)那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 It was/is a time when. 曾经一度（那时） It was a time when motorcars were rare.那是汽车很罕见的时代。 It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。 温馨提示：Its time.句型是中学英语里使用频率较高的句型，其意为“该是的时候了”。用法灵活多变，现就其有关句式归纳如下： (1)Its time for+n.该是（干）的时候了 (2)Its time+(for sb.) to do sth. 该是（某人）干的时候了 (3)Its time + that-clause 时，that可省略，time可由high,about修饰，从句中的谓语动词有两种形式：用动词的过去式(be用were)；,或者用should+动词原形（should不能省略)。此句型为虚拟语气句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”。含有该事早该去做而未做，现在去做似乎都为时已晚的意思。 (4)Its+ the+序数词+time +to do sth. 表示某人第几次做某事。 (5)Its+the+序数词+time+thatclause.表示某人第几次做某事。 【即学即练】 完成句子 曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。 _ _ _ _ _no one could understand my plan and ambition. 现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。 _ _ _ _ _ people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously. 答案：It was a time when It is a time when,. 单词拼写 1. The people expressed their _d_ that they long for peace. 2. He was _a_ from the meeting this morning because of his illness. 3. Nothing can _p_ her to change her mind once it is made up. 4. Children under 14 must be _a_ by adult. 5. The branches are so high that they are out of my _r_ . 6. The war came to an end, to the_ (满意) of everybody. 7. The monitor _ (宣布)that there would be an English party this Friday. 8. I have been a prisoner, so I have a lot of _(同情心)with other people in prison. 9. My sister has a _ (天赋) for music. 10. He has _(低级的) position in the company. 答案：1. desire2. absent3. persuade4. accompanied 5. reach6. satisfaction7. declared8. sympathy 9. talent10. junior,1. There was a roadblock straight _ us. 2. Women _ often more _ their feelings than men. 3. Ill phone for a taxi. _, you must get packed. 4. They were _ by the terrible snowstorm. 5. The cooks ill, so I am _ this week. 6. They met _ wolves in the forest. 7. Weve got a few little problems _ . 8. Everything is _ in his house. 答案：1. ahead of 2. are; aware of 3. In the meantime 4. scared to death 5. helping out 6. a pack of 7. to sort out 8. upside down,. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空,. 完成句子 1. I _ _ _ _ （打算） give up when the good news came. 2. The broken bike was found _ （遗弃）by the river side. 3. We heard the bell _ （敲）2 o clock in the distance. 4. _ _ （花费） him three hours to do his homework everyday. 5. He _ （深思）that he had no right to do this. 6. I _ _ _ _ _ _ （一点也不怕）him. 7. I _ _ _ （很清楚）that he is the one I should turn to. 8. Everything in the room was _ _ _ （乱七八糟）. 9. You shall it _ _ （挂起）where we all can see it. 答案：1. was about ready to 2. abandoned 3. striking 4. It takes 5. reflected 6. am not a bit scared of 7.am well aware 8. turned upside down 9. put;up,. 单项填空 1. I dont think this TV set is of good quality. Can you replace it with a new one? _ . But I have to talk to my manager first. A. Im sorryB. No way C. No problemD. Thats a question 解析：选A。考查情景对话。一方说电视机有问题想要换一部，而另一方对这个消息感到抱歉，回答应为Im sorry。 2. One of the judges _ to Ganas film festival was a famous artist from China, Zhang Ziyi. A. invited B. to invite C. had been invited D. being invited 解析：选A。invited to Ganas film festival 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the judges。 3. I was scared _ when I saw the tiger jumped out of the cage and ran to the little child. A. to the death B. of death C. into the death D. to death 解析：选D。短语 (be) scared to death意为“吓死了”。,4. Please post this letter in the post office nearby, and_ , I will get two tickets in the train station. A. in meantime B. on the meanwhile C. in meanwhile D. in the meantime 解析：选D。in the meantime同时，在此期间。 5. Dont turn the room_ , as I have just tidied it. A. upside down B. inside C. outside D. inside down 解析：选A。upside down 乱七八糟，上下颠倒。 6. Most parents are not_ the danger of their babies eating jelly, which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen. A. well aware to B. very aware of C. aware that D. well aware of 解析：选D。be well aware of意为“清楚地意识到”。 7. Wang Gang is considering buying a computer, _ is considered to be a great help in our work and study. A. as B. which C. that D. what 解析：选B。考查非限制性定语从句。后面的非限制性定语从句修饰the computer，故用which引导。,8. As we grow up, it always_ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. A. suggests B. promises C. requires D. seems 解析：选D。依据语境应选seems。it seems that 意为“看起来好像”；而it suggests that意为“它表明/暗示”。 9. They_ the_ snake by using a special kind of powder. A. poisoned; poisoned B. poisoned; poisonous C. poisonous; poisoned D. poisonous; poison 解析：选B。poison 用作动词时，意为“毒死，毒害”；poisonous是形容词，意为“有毒的”。 10. I need time to_ on what you offered. A. consider B. reflect C. imagine D. suggest 解析：选B。reflect 与on 搭配，意为“思考，反思”。 11. While shopping, people sometimes cant help_ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 解析：选C。cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事。,12. Getting a notebook to help you keep a schedule of the things will _you putting things off. A. stop B. keep C. make D. allow 解析：选A。stop sb. (from) doing sth.和keep sb. from doing 都意为“阻止某人做某事”，与stop搭配时，from 可以省略，但与keep搭配时from不能省略。如省略，意思就变为“使某人一直做某事”。 13. Can you imagine a person _ in the institutional revolution for doing nothing wrong? A. putting into prison B. to stay in the prison C. being put into prison D. to put into prison 解析：选C。imagine (sb.) doing 想像（某人）做某事。 14. Im dead tired. I cant walk any farther, Jenny. _, Tommy. You can do it! A. No problem B. No hurry C. Come on D. That s OK 解析：选C。come on 意为“加油”。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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