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高考总复习一轮用书,英 语,必修5,Module 1 British and American English,课程解读,课程解读,课程解读,知识要点,要点一 单词 1. confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难懂的 归纳拓展 (1)confuse vt.使迷惑；使难于理解 confused adj.感到迷惑的，感到难懂的 confusion n.困惑，混乱；混淆 (2)confuse A with/and B把A和B相混淆 be confused by sth.被搞糊涂了 get/become confused困惑，不知所措 in confusion困惑地；困窘地,知识要点,例句：What he said was confusing,so I was confused at his words. 他说的话很难懂，所以我对他说的话感到迷惑不解。 Dont confuse him with his brother.They are much alike. 别把他与他的弟弟混淆了，他们非常相像。 He stood there in confusion.他困窘地站在那里。,知识要点,【链接训练】 用confuse的适当形式填空 We can conclude his confused look suggests that he gets confused by this confusing question. To avoid _, please write the childrens names clearly on all their school clothes A.confusion B.attraction C.combination D.connection 【解析】考查名词辨析。confusion“混淆”；attraction“吸引力”；combination“结合”；connection“连接”。句意为：为了避免混淆，请把孩子们的名字清楚地写在他们的校服上。根据题意，可知答案为A。 【答案】A,知识要点,2. differ v.不同；相异 归纳拓展 （1）differ from和不同=be different from in在方面不同 differ with/from sb./on/about/over sth.关于某事与某人意见不同 agree to differ 求同存异 （2）different adj.不一样的；有区别的 difference n.不同；差别；差异,知识要点,例句：British English and American English differ in many ways. =British English differs from American English in many ways. =British English is different from American English in many ways. =There are differences between British English and American English in many ways. 英国英语和美国英语在很多方面有区别。 Im sorry to differ with you on/about/over that. 对不起，在那一点儿上我与你看法不同。,知识要点,【链接训练】 The difference _ manual labour and mental labour is growing less remarkable with the rapid development of modern technology. A.between B.in C.on D.from 【解析】句意为：随着现代技术的飞速发展，体力劳动与脑力劳动的差异正在缩小。the difference between A and B在和之间的区别（强调客观存在的差别）。 【答案】A,知识要点,3. remark vt. 谈到，评论vi. 讲述；观察n. 评论，谈论，言辞 归纳拓展 （1）make/pass a remark on/about.就发表意见，对评头论足 remark+that-clause 谈及，注意 remark on/upon谈论，议论，评论 （2）remarkable adj.不平常的，非凡的，值得注意的 remarkably adv.非常地，显著地，引人注目地,知识要点,例句：It is rude to remark upon the appearance of other people .对别人的外貌评头论足是不礼貌的。 “This is a good idea,” she remarked to her boss. “这真是个好主意，”她对老板说。 Her father remarked that it was time to leave. 她的父亲说该走了。,知识要点,【链接训练】 He had a habit of making humorous _ . A.remarks B.marks C.sparks D.remarkable 【解析】remark作名词用时，意为“评论，言辞”。句意为：他有作幽默评论的习惯。 【答案】A,知识要点,4. present vt. 赠送，颁发（礼物、奖品等），提交，陈述；呈现，出示；介绍，引见n. 礼物，赠品；现在 adj. 在场的，出席的；现在的 归纳拓展 (1)at present=at the present time目前，现在 for the present暂时 up to the present至今 be present at出席 (2)present sth.to sb. sb.with sth.向某人赠送/展示某物 present sb. to sb.正式把某人介绍、引见给某人（地位级别较高的人） (3)present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时常用作前置定语。,知识要点,例句：The family presented the museum with the sword. =The family presented the sword to the museum. 这家人把宝剑捐赠给了博物馆。 She presented her views to the committee very clearly. 她非常清楚地向委员会陈述了自己的意见。 All the people present at the party were his supporters.所有参加晚会的人都是他的支持者。 At present,many students want to go abroad for further education.目前，许多学生想出国深造。,知识要点,【链接训练】 The report about the _ surprised all the. A.present situation;people present B.present situation;present people C.situation present;people who present D.situation present;presented people 【解析】考查present用作定语的区别。present用作“目前的，现在的”之意时，一般放在名词的前面，作前置定语；用作“出席的”之意时，一般用作后置定语。句意为：这份关于目前形式的报告使我们在场的每一个人都感到吃惊。 【答案】A,知识要点,An award was _ to Professor Li Zhensheng for his great achievements. A.shown B.presented C.offered D.praised 【解析】考查动词辨析。present an award“颁奖”。show“展示”；offer“提供”；praise“表扬”，均不符合题意。 【答案】B,知识要点,5. attempt n. 企图；试图；尝试；努力vt. 试图；企图 归纳拓展 (1)attempt+sth./pron.尝试 attempt +to do /doing sth.尝试做某事 (2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 make an attempt on 试图夺取 at ones first attempt某人第一次尝试 例句：The thief attempted to leave the shop but failed. 小偷企图离开商店却被拦住了。 Someone has made an attempt on the presidents life.有人企图谋杀总统。 I passed the test at the first attempt. 我考试一次通过。,知识要点,【链接训练】 He _ to become a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games,but failed for his poor English. A.succeeded B.attempted C.offered D.advised 【解析】attempt to do sth.意为“尝试去做某事（但不一定成功）”，最符合语境。 【答案】B,知识要点,Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe,attempts _ to use botanical fuel as a source of power. A.have made B.having made C.are being made D.will be making 【解析】考查时态。句意为:由于俄罗斯限制向欧洲出口天然气，他们正在努力用植物燃料来作为一种新的能源。此处make attempts意为“努力，试图”；又make和attempts之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，答案为C。 【答案】C,知识要点,要点二 短语 1. have.in common（with）(和)在方面有相同之处 归纳拓展 have a lot （much）/something/little/nothing in common with 与有很多/有一些/几乎没有/没有相同之处 in common（with）（与）相同，一样 out of the common 不寻常的，特殊的 例句：We have a lot in common with each other,so we became good friends. 我们彼此间有很多相同之处，因此我们成了好朋友。 In common with her sister,Amy likes singing very much.艾米和她的妹妹一样非常喜欢唱歌。,知识要点,同类辨析 common，usual，normal与ordinary （1）common普通的，随时会发生或随时可见的，共同的。 （2）usual惯常的，通常的，符合习惯的。 （3）normal符合标准的，正常的，正规的。 （4）ordinary普通的，一般的，不特殊的（与“special特殊的”相反）。,知识要点,【链接训练】 Generally speaking, friends have _ in _ each other. A.little;common with B.much;common with C.many;common with D.much;similar to 【解析】与有很多相同之处，应译为“have much in common with”。 【答案】B,知识要点,2. make a difference（to sb./sth.）（对某人/某事物）有作用或影响；（对某人/某事物）重要、要紧 归纳拓展 make no/little difference （to sb./sth.） （对某人/某事物）没有/几乎没有作用或影响；（对某人/某事物）不重要、不要紧 make some difference （to sb./sth.）（对某人/某事物）有些作用或影响 make much difference to对有很大影响（作用） make a difference between区别对待，不同对待,知识要点,例句：I dont think what he said will make any difference. 我认为他说的话不会起什么作用。 It makes no difference whether you will come or not. 你来不来没什么区别。 It makes much difference to us whether you can finish it on time. 你是否能按时完成它对我们有很大的影响。,知识要点,【链接训练】 Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly _. A.make difference B.make clear C.make a difference D.make sense 【解析】make a difference“有作用，重要”，符合题意。 【答案】C,知识要点,3. lead to 导致，引起；通向 归纳拓展 （1）lead to 意思是“通往，通向”，to 为介词。 lead to 还可译为“导致，招致”，相当于result in或cause。 lead sb.to+n.带领通往/到 lead sb.to do sth.使做 （2）lead a.life过着的生活,知识要点,例句：All the roads lead to Rome. （谚）条条大路通罗马。/殊途同归。 His carelessness led to him failing the exam. 他的粗心致使他考试不及格。 Our English teacher has a strange way of leading us to study English actively. 我们的英语老师用一种奇特的方法促使我们很活跃地学习英语。 The evidence leads me to different conclusion. 这个证据使我得出一个不同的结论。,知识要点,【链接训练】 Stressful environments _ unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits,which increase the risk of heart disease. A.stick to B.lead to C.refer to D.devote to 【解析】句意为：紧张的环境导致不健康的行为，比如不良饮食习惯，这就增加了患心脏病的危险。A项stick to “坚持”；C项 refer to“提及；参考”；D项 devote oneself to =be devoted to “献身于”；三项都不合句意。而B项lead to“导致”，符合句意。 【答案】B,知识要点,要点三 句型 1. A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更困难。,知识要点,归纳拓展 （1）表示“做某事有困难”可以用下列几种结构： have difficulty（in）doing sth. have difficulty with sth. there is（some）difficulty（in）doing sth. do sth.with difficulty Its difficult（for sb.）to do sth. （2）difficulty 可换成trouble，problem，a hard time，a good time，great fun,patience等;若 difficulty 等后跟名词，介词 in 换成with。 Have trouble fun a problem a good time patience （in）doing/with+名词,知识要点,例句：They have no difficulty (in) talking with each other in English. 他们之间用英语交谈没有丝毫困难。 They have great trouble finding you. 他们费尽周折才找到你。 There is no difficulty for you in being admitted into a teachers college. 对你来讲，被一所师范院校录取没什么困难。 The children have fun with the festivals. 孩子们在节日里找到了乐趣。,知识要点,【链接训练】 You can hardly imagine what difficulty I had _ Alice to give up the foolish idea A.persuaded B.to persuade C.persuade D.persuading 【解析】考查固定短语have difficulty in doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难”的用法。句意为：你很难想象我劝说艾丽斯放弃那个愚蠢的想法有多么难！故正确答案为D。 【答案】D,知识要点,2. .it has been possible to do.做是可能的 归纳拓展 在此句式中it为形式主语，to do不定式为真正主语。it作形式主语笼统地讲分为三种情况： It+谓语+ to do doing 名词性从句 具体说可分为以下常见几种句型： It is+n./adj.+that./to do sth. It is/was+p.p.+that. It seems/looks+that./as if. It happened/happens that. Its no use/good doing sth. It makes no difference that.,知识要点,例句：Its strange that she never mentioned the wedding. 很奇怪她从未提起婚礼的事。 It seems that no one is willing to accept responsibility for what happened. 似乎没人愿意为所发生的事承担责任。 Its said that the son will take over the company after the fathers retirement. 据说（那位）父亲退休以后将要由儿子接管公司。 Its no use telling him the truth now. 现在告诉他事实没有用处。 It is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone else. 重要的是认识到你是什么类型的人，哪种特殊品质使你与众不同。,知识要点,【链接训练】 The foreign minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is 【解析】考查it作形式主语的用法。真正的主语是后面的that从句。 【答案】D,知识要点,In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.it C.there D.that 【解析】考查it作形式主语，其后面的不定式短语是真正的主语。 【答案】B,知识要点,要点四 语法 1.一般现在时 （1）表示一般性或经常发生的动作或状态。 例句：We always care for each other and help each other.我们总是互相关心,互相帮助。 （2）表示习惯性动作或状态或普遍的现象或常识。 例句：The company is the best one in this field. 在这个领域内这家公司是最棒的。,知识要点,（3）表示客观事实、客观真相。 例句：The moon moves round the earth. 月亮围绕地球运转。 （4）表示按计划要干的事情。 例句：The next train comes at 7：30. 下列火车七点半到。,知识要点,【链接训练】 In fact，more and more people _ to live a greener, healthier and more environmentally “green life”. A.chose B.choose C.are choosing D.have chosen 【解析】句意为：事实上，越来越多的人打算过一种更加绿色、更加健康、与环境更加和谐的“绿色”生活。此句叙述的是现在的状态，所以要用一般现在时。 【答案】B,知识要点,When are your parents leaving? Their plane _ at 1：30 p.m A.takes off B.took off C.will take off D.is to take off 【解析】计划表或时刻表中规定好的动作可用一般现在时表将来。 【答案】A,知识要点,2. 现在进行时 (1)表达形式 主动形式am/is/are doing 被动形式am/is/are being done (2)基本用法 表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件。往往与now，at the moment，just 等副词连用，以示强调。 例句：Its raining hard now.正在下大雨。,知识要点,当现在进行时表示某事发生的次数过多时，则有时含有赞赏、厌恶、抱怨等的意思（常跟always，still，constantly，continually，forever，repeatedly 等连用）。 例句：Why are you always making the same mistake?你怎么老是犯同样的错误？ 现在进行时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作或表示动作的重复。 例句：Are you going anywhere tomorrow? 明天你要出去吗？,知识要点,【链接训练】 Are we about to have dinner? Yes, it _ in the diningroom. A.is serving B.serves C.has been served D.is being served 【解析】句意为：我们要去吃晚餐了吗？是的，餐厅正在上菜。马上要开饭，所以餐厅应正在上菜才合理，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。 【答案】D,知识要点,Are you still busy? Yes,I _ my work,and it wont take long. A.just finish B.am finishing C.have just finished D.am just going to finish 【解析】现在进行时可以表示将要进行的动作，根据it wont take long可判断出将要结束但还没有结束，故选B。 【答案】B,知识要点,3. 现在完成时 (1)表达形式 主动语态have/has done 被动语态have/has been done (2)基本用法 表示过去开始的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在（甚至还可能继续下去）。 例句：They have been learning English for seven years.他们学英语七年了。,知识要点,表示动作过去已经发生且完成，但对现在仍有影响。 例句：Weve known each other for ten years. 我们相识已十年了。 注意：非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不接表示时间段的时间状语。如果要接，则必须用于否定句中。 例句：I havent received his letter for a long time. 我好久没收到他的来信了。,知识要点,【链接训练】 So far, he _ more than 200 college students to continue their studies. A.was helping B.is helping C.helps D.has helped 【解析】so far 常用于现在完成时态中。根据句意“到目前为止，他已帮助200多个大学生继续他们的学业。”可得出正确答案为D。 【答案】D,知识要点,Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term.You _ too many classes,you _ two classes just last week. A.have missed;missed B.missed;missed C.have missed;have missed D.will miss;have missed 【解析】考查时态。根据第二空的时间状语last week可知谓语动词应用一般过去时。由“已经旷了许多节课了”可以判定应用现在完成时表示从过去到说话的现在为止的一段时间内重复发生的动作，故答案为A。 【答案】A,知识要点,4. 一般将来时 （1）表示将要发生的动作或状况。 例句：You will succeed by working hard. 通过努力工作你们将来会成功的。 （2）be about to表示将来。表示眼看就要发生的事情，可用于有生命或无生命的主语，不跟表示将来的时间状语。 例句：The plane for Wuhan is about to take off. 飞往武汉的飞机就要起飞了。,知识要点,（3）另外，“be+to+动词原形”也可表示打算做的事，还可表示责任、意向和可能性。 例句：You are to follow the doctors advice. 你应该遵从医嘱。 （4）下列情况下用一般现在时表示将来： 在表示时间和条件的状语从句中。表示时间的连词有when，as soon as 等，表示条件的连词有 if，as long as 等。 例句：If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。 有明显时间或表示按常规要发生的事情。 例句：I am eighteen years old next year. 我明年就18岁了。,知识要点,【链接训练】 Sorry.I _ to post the letter for you. Never mind. _it myself after school. A.forget;Id rather post B.forgot;Im going to post C.forgot;Ill post D.forget;Id better post 【解析】sorry 表示的是对过去的行为的道歉，故用一般过去时；由题意可知，放学后“我”自己去寄，应该是将来的时间，故用一般将来时，此处表达的是未经事先打算，而临时决定要做的将来动作，故用will/shall do结构。 【答案】C,知识要点,Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital. Oh,really?I _.I _ visit her. A.didnt know;will go to B.dont know;will go to C.didnt know;am going to D.havent known;am going to 【解析】考查时态。分析语境及讲话人意图可知，第一空强调过去的动作，并不表示现在发生的事，故应用一般过去时；第二空应选will，表示临时决定将要做的事，而be going to表示按计划、安排要做的事，不合题意，故选A。 【答案】A,Thank you !,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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