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模块7Unit19Language,.写出下列必考单词,基础再现,识记类词汇1thrill(vt.,makes,However,Although,tobesurrounded,that,our,基础再现,listeningtoEnglishsongs;reading9._Englishnewspaperornewswebsite；watchingEnglishDVDs;studyingwithyourfriendsandrewarding10._,an,yourself,基础再现,.话题作文翻译与背诵,上周，我们学校的学生会就“我们是否要学习英语”在全校展开了调查。结果表明，大多数同学表示赞成，因为他们认为学好英语是现代社会对人们的要求之一，而且对日后的就业非常有帮助。然而，有些同学却表示反对，他们说学习英语没用，是浪费精力。更糟糕的是，他们感到学英语是一种负担。依我看，我们应该学好英语，因为精通英语意味着将来有更多的机会。,基础再现,_,Lastweek,theStudentsUnioninourschoolconductedasurveyamongallthestudentsonwhetherweshouldlearnEnglish.Asthesurveyshows,mostofthestudentssayyes,fortheythinklearningEnglishisoneofthedemandsofmodernsocietyandwilldogoodtoourfuturecareer.However,othersareagainsttheidea,sayingthatlearningEnglishisuselessandisawasteofenergy.Whatsworse,theytakelearningEnglishasaburden.Asforme，IthinkhavingagoodcommandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.,.重点单词,考点整合,1absencen缺席；不在(某处),归纳拓展,考点整合,absentadj.notpresent不在场的，缺席的in/duringonesabsence某人不在的时候intheabsenceof.在(人)不在的时候；在(物)缺乏时absencefromwork(school)缺勤(课),考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)我不在的时候，请帮我照看房子。Pleaselookaftermyhouse_.(2)这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。Thedecision_(3)他没有参加昨天的会议。_yesterdaysmeeting.,即学即练,duringmyabsence,wasmadeinmyabsence,Hewasabsentfrom,考点整合,2surroundvt.包围，围绕；与紧密相关,归纳拓展,考点整合,surroundingadj.周围的n环境(常用复数)surroundsb./sth.(withsb./sth.)围住某人/某物(尤指使之无法脱逃)surroundsth./sb.(by/withsth.)包围或环绕某人/某物(常用于被动语态)surroundoneselfwith喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西),考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)他们出动军队包围了这个镇。Theyhave_thetownwithtroops.(2)池塘四周绿树环绕。Trees_thepond.(3)房子的四周有高墙。Thehouse_highwalls.,即学即练,surrounded,surround,wassurroundedby,考点整合,(4)新计划备受猜疑。Thenewplan_muchspeculation.,issurroundedby,考点整合,3guaranteevt.保证，担保n.保证(金)；担保；抵押品,归纳拓展,考点整合,guaranteesth.担保guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事guaranteetodosth.保证做guaranteethatclause保证guaranteesb./sth.from/against.保证不underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguarantee(that)向某人保证,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)如果你和我们旅行，我能保证你玩得开心。Ican_ifyoujoinourjourney.(2)我们会保证公司不受损失。Well_thecompany_loss.(3)我的车还在保修期内，所以我能免费让人修理。Mycarisstill_soIcangetitfixedfreeofcharge.,即学即练,guaranteeyouagoodtime,guarantee,against,underguarantee,考点整合,(4)雾天我们不能担保火车准时到达。Wecant_oftrainsinfoggyweather.(5)他向我们保证此类事情绝不会再发生。He_thatitwouldneverhappenagain.,guaranteethepunctualarrival,gaveusaguarantee,考点整合,4adjustvt.&vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯,归纳拓展,考点整合,adjustmentn调节，调整adjuststh.调整adjustto适应adjustoneselfto使自己适应于,考点整合,选用上述单词或短语的适当形式完成下列短文。Atthebeginningofthenewterm，theteachertoldusthatourlearningplansshouldbe(1)_correctly(2)_thenewsituation，andthatallofusshould(3)_it.Weallaccepteditandmade(4)_Soonwegotusedtothenewsituationandgotgoodmarks.,即学即练,adjusted,to,adjustourselvesto,adjustments,考点整合,5informvt.告知，通知,归纳拓展,考点整合,informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事informsb.thatclause通知某人informsb.whclause告诉某人informedadj.了解情况的，见多识广的keepsb.informedof(about)sth.让某人了解某事informationn通知，信息，资讯,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)我们将会另行通知你具体的时间。Well_theexacttime.(2)他告诉我他将去欧洲出差。He_hewasgoingtoEurope_,即学即练,informyouof,informedmethat,onbusiness,考点整合,(3)这个决定将通知所有直接相关的人。Allthosewhoareimmediatelyinvolvedwill_thedecision.,beinformedof,考点整合,6congratulatevt.祝贺，庆贺，恭喜,归纳拓展,考点整合,congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.为某事向某人祝贺congratulationn祝贺Congratulations！恭喜你！congratulationstosb.on(doing)sth.为某事向某人祝贺,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)希望我是第一个祝你成功的人。Idliketobethefirstto_you_yoursuccess.(2)“我被北京大学录取了。”“恭喜你！”IhavebeenadmittedintoBeijingUniversity._！,即学即练,congratulate,on,Congratulations,7attainv达到，获得,考点整合,归纳拓展,考点整合,attainableadj.可以达到的，可以获得的attainmentn达到，获得attainonesgoal达到目的attainpower获得权力attaintoperfection达到完美的境地,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)我们必须尽一切努力来达到我们的目标。Wehavetomakeeveryeffort_.(2)他已经满14周岁但还不到15周岁。He_of14butnottotheageof15.,即学即练,toattainourgoal,hasattainedtotheage,考点整合,8embarrassvt.使(某人)觉得不自然、忸怩、尴尬或害羞；使(某人)不安或焦虑,归纳拓展,考点整合,embarrassedadj.窘迫的embarrassingadj.令人窘迫的embarrassmentn困窘；令人困窘的事,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)我们经常因缺钱而窘迫。Weareoften_bylackofmoney.(2)他总是问一些令人困窘的问题。Heisalwaysaskingsome_questions.(3)公司面临着资金上的困难。Thecompanyisfacedwithfinancial_,即学即练,embarrassed,embarrassing,embarrassments,.重点短语,考点整合,1getahead(使)走在前面；取得进步；获得成功,归纳拓展,考点整合,getaheadofsb.领先某人getabout/around/round(消息、谣言等)传播；流传get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事)传播或为人理解getalongwithsb.与某人合得来，与某人和睦相处getsth.back失而复得，重新得到getoversth.克服，战胜；掌握getthrough用完；消耗掉；做成某事；接通电话get(sb.)through(sth.)帮助(某人)成功做某事,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)后面那辆车想超过我们。Thecarbehindwantsto_us.(2)他靠多做家庭作业很快在班上名列前茅。Bydoingextrahomework，hesoon_hisclassmates.(3)我的工作已经有进展了。Ive_withmywork.,即学即练,getaheadof,gotaheadof,gotahead,考点整合,2catchon明白(后接介词to)；变得流行,归纳拓展,考点整合,catchon(tosth.)理解；学会catchholdof抓住catchup(withsb./sth.)赶上catchsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事catchsightof看见catchonesattention/eyes吸引某人,考点整合,选用上述短语的正确形式完成下列短文。Today，Tomwaswalkingalongthestreetandthesceneonthestreet(1)_Butsuddenlyhe(2)_amanstealingsomethingfromanoldlady.Hewasangry，sohe(3)_thethiefand(4)_him.Atlast，thethiefwassenttothepolicestation.,即学即练,caughthisattention,caught,caughtupwith,caughtholdof,考点整合,3keepto(to是介词)遵守；坚持；待在某处；靠向；使不偏离；限制在(某话题、某范围内),归纳拓展,考点整合,keepback阻止；控制；隐瞒；扣留；延迟keepon继续keepupwith跟上，不落后keepawayfrom不靠近，远离keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepsth.inmind记住某事keepintouchwith与保持联系,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)他总是坚守诺言。Healways_(2)他仍坚持他最初的决定。Hestill_hisfirstresolution.,即学即练,keepstohispromises,keepsto,考点整合,(3)天气太糟糕了，大多数人都被迫待在家里。Theweatherissoterriblethatmostpeopleareforcedto_thehouse.(4)在中国，车辆一般是靠右行驶的。InChina，trafficusually_theright.,keepsto,keepto,考点整合,4keepinmind将牢记在心中,归纳拓展,考点整合,havesb./sth.ononesmindhaveonesmindonsb./sth.挂虑；担心bring/callsb.(sth.)tomind想起changeonesmind改变主意makeuponesmind下定决心readonesmind读懂某人的心思,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)无论我们开始做什么，我们必须记住什么是正确的、重要的。Whateverwegetdowntodoing，wemust_whatisrightandimportant.(2)你的故事使我想起了多年前我的一次类似的经历。Yourstory_asimilarexperienceIhadyearsago.,即学即练,keepinmind,bringstomind,考点整合,(3)一旦他下定决心，没有人能使他改变主意。Oncehe_，noonecanmakehim_,hasmadeuphismind,changehismind,考点整合,5onpurpose有意地；故意地,归纳拓展,考点整合,for/withthepurposeof为了的目的tothepurpose中肯的；切题的onpurposebydesign故意地byaccident偶然地,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)你有时会偶然伤害自己，但你不会故意伤害自己。Yousometimeshurtyourself_butyoudonthurtyourself_(2)我不会只为买一双袜子而去购物。Iwouldntgoshopping_buyingapairofsocks.,即学即练,byaccident,bydesign/onpurpose,for/withthepurposeof,考点整合,(3)这答复一点也不中肯，所以不值得我们考虑。Thereplywassolittle_thatitwasnotworthourconsideration.,tothepurpose,.重点句型,考点整合,1Butsadly，thechancesthatwewillallhavetheopportunitytoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountryaresmall.(p.7)但很不幸的是，我们都将有机会生活在一个讲英语的国家的可能性是很小的。,归纳拓展,考点整合,thechancesthat.are.“的可能性是”，其中that引导同位语从句，对chances进行补充说明。,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)我们赢得比赛的可能性很大。_thatwearegoingtowinthegamearebig.(2)我通过考试的希望很渺茫。Thechances_areremote.(3)他学习非常努力，考上重点大学的可能性很大。Asheworksveryhard，_arehigh.,即学即练,Thechances,thatIwillpasstheexam,thechancesthathewillbeadmittedtoakeyuniversity,考点整合,2Somebodyjumpingforjoyiseasytoseewhilearaisedeyebrowconveyingdoubtiseasiertomiss.(p.10)某人高兴得手舞足蹈是容易被观察到的，而挑起眉毛表示怀疑却容易被人忽略。,归纳拓展,考点整合,(1)句中jumpingforjoy与conveyingdoubt都为现在分词短语作后置定语，表示被修饰词(somebody与eyebrow)的状态。(2)句中while为并列连词，用于连接两个分句，表示前后句所说事情的相对或相反，译为“而”。,考点整合,完成或翻译下列句子。(1)站在那边的那个男人是我们的新校长。Theman_isournewheadmaster.(2)他喜欢看电影而我喜欢读书。Helikeswatchingfilms_Ilikereading.(3)任何想去参观长城的人都可以在此签名。_,即学即练,standingthere,while,AnyonehopingtovisittheGreatWallcansignyournamehere.,考点整合,(4)正在睡觉的男孩是在那边擦窗户的女士的儿子。_(5)点头表示同意而摇头表示不同意。_,Thesleepingboyisthesonofthewomancleaningwindowsthere.,Noddingonesheadmeansagreementwhileshakingonesheadmeansdisagreement.,考点整合,3YousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.(p.12)你说如果我提前付钱的话就有折扣。,归纳拓展,考点整合,providedthat.“如果的话，在条件下”。provide的过去分词形式provided和现在分词形式providing均可作连词，用来引导条件从句，意为“如果的话，在条件下”。可直接引导从句，也可加上that，二者可互换，但在正式文体中常用provided。,考点整合,完成下列句子。(1)如果没有人反对，我们就在这里野餐。_，weshallhavethepicnichere.(2)如果你去上海，我就去。IwillgotoShanghai_(3)他说可以把书借给你，前提是你把钱还给他。Hesaidhecouldlendyouthebook_.,即学即练,Providedthatthereisnoobjection/Providedthatnobodyobjects,providedthatyougo,providedthatyougavehimbackthemoney,基础再现考点整合语法专题写作导航题型突破,栏目链接,动词时态和语态填空专项训练,语法专题,语境中的时态和语态具有灵活多变的特点，因此找出隐含于上下文中的时间信息，确定动作行为所发生的时间是解题的关键。做动词时态和语态填空题时，应注意以下几点：1注意题干所提供的信息，如语境、情景以及说话人的情感。2根据句中的时间状语以及一些副词判断时态。,语法专题,3考虑时态的一致性。需特别注意短暂性动词与延续性动词这两个概念，短暂性动词用于进行时态和完成时态都要受到限制。4根据语境考虑语态。,专项训练,语法专题,.用所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空1Astheyearspassed，manyoccasionsbirthdays，awards，graduations_(mark)withDadsflowers.2Customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey_(give)therighttochangebeforeleavingtheshop.3Greatchanges_(takeplace)inthecityandalotoffactories_(setup)sincethenewplanstarted.,weremarked,havebeengiven,havetakenplace,havebeensetup,语法专题,4Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_(breakinto)andalotofthings_(steal)5Theybelievedthatbyusingcomputerstheproductionoftheirfactory_(increase)6Theheadteachersaysthatallthepreparationsfortheparty_(complete)byFriday.7Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfrost_(expect)toarrive.,hadbeenbrokeninto,havebeenstolen,wouldbeincreased,willhavebeencompleted,isexpected,语法专题,8Thecarelessdriveris_(blame)forthetrafficaccidentthat_(happen)yesterday.9Flowersusually_(sell)wellonValentinesDay，sotheirflowers_(sell)outinnotimethatday.10IwantedtobuythatkindofclothbecauseI_(tell)thecloth_(wash)well.11Thewater_(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.12Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?Yes，Ihave.Iguessit_(grade)now.,toblame,happened,sell,weresold,havebeentold,washes,felt,isbeinggraded,语法专题,13It_(say)thatheisasmartboy.14Theworkneeds_(complete)by6pm.15Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdisease_(reduce)greatlyifpeoplearepersuadedtoeatmorevegetables.,issaid,completing/tobecompleted,willbereduced,语法专题,.语篇填空Whenhewasalittleboy，ChristopherCockerelloncewatchedhismotherturningthewheelofhersewingmachinewithherhand.“Wouldntitworkquicklyifamachine1._(turn)thewheelforyou？”heasked.“Isupposeitwould，”saidhismother，withoutpayinganyattentiontohim.,turned,语法专题,Christopher2._(know)shealwayshadalotofwork，andhewantedtohelp.Inhisbedroomtherewasatoysteamenginewhichhisfather3._(buy)himasagift.“I4._(make)betteruseofit，”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So，whenhismother5._(notuse)hersewingmachine，hefixedthetoysteamengineontoit.Whenthejob6._(finish)，hewasquitepleased，thinkinghismother7._(like)it.“Veryclever，”hismothersaidwhenshesawit.Thenshesatdownandwentonturningthewheelbyhand.“I8._(work)likethisfortoomanyyears，”sheexplained.,knew,hadbought,will/shallmake,wasnotusing,wasfinished,wouldlike,havebeenworking,语法专题,ThistaughtChristopherthelessonthatanyonewho9._(try)toimproveanything10._(have)tolearn：Manypeopledontlikenewideas.,tries,has,书面表达分类训练（8）说明文,写作导航,一、说明文写作,写作导航,说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特性、构造、变化或结果的文章。高考中，说明文常见的话题有产品介绍、地点描述、方位描写、调查报告、变化分析、购物指南和操作说明等。,二、应注意的问题,写作导航,1首先要读题审题，弄清需要介绍的内容，把握信息要点，不可遗漏也不能随意添加信息。2写作内容要条理清楚，层次分明。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较/对比法、分类法和因果法等；说明自然环境方面的内容常用时空次序法与分类法等。罗列事物、数据的说明文应注意合理排序，优化结构。3时态常用一般现在时，若是介绍其历史时，要用一般过去时；语态可能用到被动语态；若是介绍地点环境等，要善于运用therebe结构。,专项训练,写作导航,说明文写作练习民工马明和王丽夫妇每月能挣1600元，他们有两个孩子。仔细阅读他们这个月的开支预算(budget)，然后用5个意思连贯的句子表达所有的信息。,写作导航,写作导航,_,【参考范文】MaMingandWangLi，whoseincomeisabout￥1，600everymonth，havetwochildren.Itcoststhem￥150torenttheirhouseandelectricityandgascostthem￥120.Theyhavetospendonly￥40onthetelephoneandpayabout￥160fortheirclothes.Theyneed￥100fortheirhealthcareand￥600fortheirfood.Theypay￥300ontheirchildrensschoolingandtheinsuranceis￥80.Howhardtheirlifeis!,细节理解型阅读理解,题型突破,一、细节理解题常见题型,题型突破,细节信息内容包括人物、时间、地点、因果、条件、结论、数据、逻辑等，考试中常以下列形式考查：1直观题。直观题可从文章的某个词语或某个句子理解得出答案。2间接题。间接题需对文章内容进行概括、归纳、推理方可找出答案。3排序题。选项给出一组乱序的内容，需根据文章内容细细梳理或用首尾排定顺序再得出答案。,二、细节理解题干扰项特点,题型突破,1答非所问。命题者设置的答案是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容。2符合常识。选项符合常识，但不是文章内容或题干要求的内容。3添枝加叶。命题者把原文的信息扩大或缩小，使选项内容超过文章的范围。4捏造事实。命题者根据原文内容编造信息组成干扰项。,题型突破,5偷梁换柱。命题者采用原文中的句子结构和大部分的词汇，但换置几个词曲解文章原意。6因果等同。命题者故意把结果说成原因或把原因说成结果。,专项训练,题型突破,阅读理解练习ImagineSallyandAnnehavingadrinkinabar.WhileSallyisinthebathroom，Annedecidestobuyanotherdrink，butshenoticesthatSallyhasleftherphoneonthetable.Anneputsthephoneintoherfriendsbagbeforeheadingtothebarsothatnoonestealsit.WhenSallyreturns，wherewillsheexpecttoseeherphone?,题型突破,Ifyousaidshedlookatthetablewheresheleftit，congratulations!Youhavea“theoryofmind”theabilitytounderstandthatanotherpersonmayhaveknowledge，ideasandbeliefsthatdifferfromyourown，orfromreality.Thisabilitymaynotseemspecialbutitinvolvesdoingsomethingnootheranimalcan:ignoringourownbeliefsabouttheworldthatthephoneisinthebagandtakeonanalternativeworldview.The“theoryofmind”wasfirstdevelopedinthe1970s，whenitwasdiscoveredthatataroundtheageoffour，,childrendevelopthisability.Thestandardwaytotestachilds“theoryofmind”iscalledtheSallyAnnetest.Itinvolvesactingouttheeventsdescribedearlier，onlywithpuppetsandamissingball.Whenasked，“WhenSallyreturns，wherewillshelookfortheball？”mostthreeyearoldssayshelllookinthenewspot，whereAnnehasplacedit.Thechildknowstheballslocation，sotheycannotimaginethatSallywouldthinkitwasanywhereelse.,题型突破,Butaroundtheageoffour，thatchanges.MostfourandfiveyearoldsrealizethatSallywillexpecttheballtobejustwheresheleftit.Forovertwodecadesthatwasthedogma，buttheideahasbeenchallengedbynewresearchthatindicated“theoryofmind”ispresentinbabiesjust15monthsold.SuchyoungchildrencannotanswerquestionsaboutwheretheyexpectSallytolookfortheball，butyoucantellwhattheyrethinkingbyhowlongtheystare:babieslookforlongeratthingstheyfindsurprising.,题型突破,WhenSallysearchedfortheballinaplacesheshouldnothaveexpectedtofindit，thebabiesdidstareforlonger.Inotherwords，theyseemedtounderstandthatpeoplecanhavefalsebeliefs.1TheauthortoldthestoryaboutSallyandAnneinthebarinorderto_AtesthowcleverthereadersareBexplainhowadultssolveproblemsCintroducetheconceptof“theoryofmind”Dshowthedifferencebetweenfactsandbeliefs,题型突破,2WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheclassicSallyAnnetest?AItconcludedthatchildrendevelopedthetheoryofmindaroundfour.BItshowedchildrenwereconfusedbytheSallyandAnnetest.CItfoundthatthreeyearoldchildrendidntknowhowtolie.DItprovedthat4yearoldsweresmarterthan3yearolds.,题型突破,3Accordingtothepassage，“thetheoryofmind”hasbeen_AuniversallyacceptedBcriticizedbythescientistsCclearlyproventobewrongDchallengedbysomeresearchers4WhenbabieswhocanttalkaregiventheSallyAnnetest，whydidtheystare?ATheyweresurprisedaboutwhereSallywaslookingfortheball.,题型突破,BTheywerehappytoknowthatSallywasunabletofindtheball.CTheywereconfusedbythefactthatSallycouldntfindtheball.DTheywereinterestedinwhereSallywaslookingfortheball.5ThepassageincludesthefollowingcontentsEXCEPT_AnewfindingsopposingtheclassicSallyAnnetestBhowdifferentadultsandchildrenare,题型突破,ChowtheSallyAnnetestisdoneDwhatthe“theoryofmind”is,题型突破,1解析：写作意图题。第一段用假设性情境引出话题，是为了介绍“theoryofmind”这个概念。答案：C2解析：细节理解题。从第四段“whenitwasdiscoveredthatataroundtheageoffour，childrendevelopthisability.”可知选A。答案：A,3解析：细节理解题。从倒数第三段的“buttheideahasbeenchallengedbynewresearchthatindicatedtheoryofmindispresentinbabiesjust15monthsold.”可知选D。答案：D4解析：细节理解题。从倒数第二段的“SuchyoungchildrencannotanswerquestionsaboutwheretheyexpectSallytolookfortheball”可知选A。答案：A5解析：细节理解题。本文没有涉及成人与孩子的区别。答案：B,题型突破,
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