《王文俊-开放作文》PPT课件.ppt

训练建议,“漫画是简笔而注重意义的一种绘画。”丰子恺,北大附中高三备课组王文俊,高考英语开放作文,20130416,一、试题特点及破题原则,1.抓住漫画物象的夸张和拟人部分是破题的起点。,2.解读漫画物象之间的关系。,3.用漫画物象间的关系发撒思维，勾连现实生活。,4.在勾连的基础上找出较深刻且积极向上的含义并加以解读。,开放作文试题特点：1）借助一幅漫画，鼓励学生发散思维，表达自己对画面中内容的理解。2）在观察、理解试题的前提下，从不同角度，展开想象，表达自己观点。3）试题的趣味性与解题的挑战性；4）能力的发展性与答案的开放性。,一、试题特点及破题原则,漫画,是对现实生活的,高考漫画的特点,是对现实生活的,2008,2010,Cartoon,Exaggeration夸张,Personification拟人,2010年请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。InyourspokenEnglishclass,yourteachershowsyouthefollowingpicture.Youareaskedtodescribethepictureandexplainhowyouunderstandit.,2011年请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。InyourspokenEnglishclass,yourteachershowsyouthefollowingpicture.Youareaskedtodescribethepictureandexplainhowyouunderstandit.,2012年开放作文导语的变化,请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。YouarediscussingthefollowingpicturewithyourEnglishfriendJim.Nowyouaretellinghimhowyouunderstandthepictureandwhatmakesyouthinkso.,1）抓住漫画物象的夸张和拟人部分是破题的起点，从夸张和拟人中找到“话题”，2）解读漫画物象之间的关系。主要看画面特征及构图要素之间的关系，从关系中找到“情节”，从而找到画面显示的显性主题。达到用描写性文字形象地描述图画的目的。,用漫画物象间的关系发撒思维，勾连现实生活，依据画面意义和其寓意，展开联想。分别从相关、相似、相对、相反、因果、条件等诸多方面，联系现实生活，找到与画面主旨相对应的现实素材，尽量从不同的角度、不同的领域、不同的侧面来思考。,两个物象的对比关系,通过夸张说方法,客观图：看关系,在勾连的基础上找出较深刻的含义并加以解读。解读时要立足于画面内涵，着眼于现实生活。从画面与现实的“勾连”中，确定话题及立意的落脚点。,切记：立意中心点只能是一个。,围绕一点来立意,写作思路,第一部分：交际语言（例如Jim,letslookattheinterestingpicture.Idliketosharewithyoumyunderstandingofit.）自己观点（回答howyouunderstandit.）（例如:Inmyopinion,thepicturewantstoconvey）主体描图（回答whatmakesyouthinkso.主要描写突出立意的内容）（例如:Asisdepictedinthepicture,）,2012高考开放,Jim，lookattheinterestingpicture.Idliketosharewithyoumyunderstandingofit.Wecanseethereisalongandnewpencilwhichisapparentlyneverused,pouringscornontheoldandusedpencil.Hethinkstheoldoneisnearingtheend,andisdepressedtobereplacedbyhimself,thatiswhatkeepstheyoungonelaughing.Inmyopinion,thispictureconveysamessagethatweshouldnotpourscornontheoldandretiredman,buttopaygreatrespectforwhattheyhavedoneandlearnfromthem.Theoldpencil,whichisusedforalongtimestandsfortheretiredmaninourdailylife.Andthenewpencilrepresentsthepersonwhoaretotakeplaceofthem.Laughingatthoseusedpencilisreallyimpolite.,写作思路,第二部分：围绕立意展开议论，一定注意层次与衔接。过程中需要回扣图中的物象和它所对应的立意点。议论跑偏，扣10分。要有衔接词和过渡句。,Similarinlife,thegreeneratworkplacehasnocausetoteaseattheretiredman.Theoldmanhasinvestedhistimeandenergyintowork,whichwinsthemrespect.Butfortheirdevotionanddedication,thenewworkercannotworkatagoodcompany.Andtherefore,theyoungworkersarerequiredtogivegratitudeandrespectforwhattheretiredmanhasdone.Furthermore,theyshouldlearnfromtheirexperienceandthentheycanavoidseveralobstacles.,2012高考开放,写作思路,第三部分：总结升华。（结尾句保留交流语言，例如Whatsyouropinion，Jim？）,Inconclusion,bynomeansshouldwelaughattheretiredmen.Weneedtosalutethemandthankthemforwhattheyhavedonefromthebottomofheart.Whatsyouropinion，Jim？,2012高考开放,4-25日开放作文,提示：1立意要正面、积极。2议论紧扣图画；主题句提炼观点鲜明突出，一词/一句点清主题，不必用第二句补充或让读者去猜你的意思。3结尾升华呼应前面的议论。,Jim，lookatthethepicture,amanisholdingaballoon.However,heismissinghisheart,which,infact,isactuallytiedtotheotherendofthestringheisholding.Themanisflyinghisheart.Thepictureencouragesustoletourheartssoar.Indeed,theskiescanbedangerous,andthewindscanbestrong,butthatdoesntmeanweshouldbind(tie,fasten)ourheartstotheground.Our,hearts,fullofemotionsanddreams,shouldhavethechancetoseetheworld.Wewereborntobefree,soletyourheartexperiencethefreedom.However,theredoescomealimittothatfreedom,whichiswherethestringcomesinhandy.Wemayletourdreams,emotionsandimaginationssoarhighinthesky,butnevershouldtheyrunwildandoutofcontrol.Alwaystakefullcontrolofyourheart,orthestringcouldbreakandyoucouldloseitforever.,Giveyourheartachancetoreachthesky.(11)(结尾力度不够，不能很好地呼应上文的议论。),Asisshowninthepicture,amanisflyinghisheartintheway(that)weflykites,theheartattachedtoastringwhoseendisheldinhishands.Theman,surroundedbymist,ismarchingonthemuddygroundwitheffortsaccompanyingeachstep.Frommypointofview,themanflieshisheartoutofthemistforthepurposeofrecognizinghisdestination,withoutwhichhewillneverbreakthesetbackofmistandmud.Everyoneismarchingalong,hisownroadoflife,alwayscoveredwithnastymudofdifficultiesandblockedbymistthatmakesonedizzy.Onlywhenwesetourheartshighertoensurethatweknowwherethedestinationiscanwepreventlosingwayandendingupnowhere.Onthewhole,thetargetplaysadecisiveroleinlife,sosparenoefforttomakeitclearinheartforyoutopursue.(13)(155words),2013西城期末,Jim,letslookatthisfunnypicture.Frommypointofview,itdemonstratestheimportanceofcastingafullsighttothesituationweareinandafterwardstakerelevantmeasurestosolveourconfrontedproblem.Acrossthepicture,wecanseeamanridingatricycleandtryingtocrossanarrowbridge.Thoughhisfrontwheelispassingsmoothly,acatastropheisunderway.Obviouslyhehasforgotten,orstubbornlyassumedhissuccessinpassingthenarrowbridge,butasamatteroffact,thehindwheelsofhistricyclewhicharewellbeyondwhatthebridgecancarry.Themanhastheabilitytowidenthebridgetoavoidtheupcomingdisaster,byusinghisboardsbackinhistricycletrunk.Theridiculousbutsorrowfulbehaviorofthestubbornmandoesremindusofthesimilarpeopleinourlife.Whenfacingproblems,theyrefusetogiveupwhattheyhavethoughtright,anddreamaboutgettingthroughthemwithalltheirbelongingsuntouched,buttheyfailtorealizethatiftheythinkalittlebitthoroughlyorflexiblyandusewhattheyhavetohelpthemgoacrossthenarrowbridgelikethemaninthepicture,itmayaddtothepossibilityorgreatlyreducebothtimeandenergy,avoidingtheconsequentriskoffailure.SoJim，weshouldntimitatewhatthemandoesinthepicture,andwehadbetterexperienceall-sidedthinkingandtrytograspwhatwecanutilizetopaveourwaytosuccess.(255w),Jim,letslookatthepicture,Inmyopinion,whatthepicturewantstotellusisthatsometimes,weneedtobreakthroughthelimitationorrestrictioninordertoachieveouradvancedgoals.Foryousee,acrossthepicturewecanseetwocowslivingonafencedfarm,oneofwhichmaybeluredbythetendertastefulgrassoutsidetheirfence,andistryingherutmosttoreachforthedesiredgrassbyjumpingontothetopofapoleinthefence,whiletheotheroneiskeptwonderinginsidewhatherfellowisdoingthatfor.Thepointinlifeisthatanyadvancedorfar-reachinggoalisnoteasilyorcomfortablyachieved.Weneedtonotonlybreakthroughtherestrictionsaroundbutalsotoempowerourselvesforourupwardorforwardmobility.Onlyinthiswaycanwegainourfullpotentialandmoveintofulfillingsuccessfulgoals.However,weusuallytenttobetrappedinourfamiliarsituationorceiling,easilywithheldfromadvancinginourorganizationorcontextandreachingourfullpotential.Althoughwehavetheheatingdesiretofulfillouradvancedgoals,wearecomfortablypursuingforeseeabledreamswithinourreachwithoutthinkingoutoftheboxordoingsomethingunusualtobreakorjumpoverthelimitationandrestriction.SoJim,Icansaytheactionofthemotivatedcowtellsusthatwecanneverreachouradvancedgoals(thegrass)withoutabreakthroughinmindoraction.243w,训练建议,1.关于漫画的选取不要把艺术上的和社会上的漫画作为写作材料,2013丰台一模,图画问题：梯子改成云梯，星星不要有黑色背景,训练建议,2.关于立意跑题学生跑题大多只看图中的一个物象或一个画意，缺少物象间关系的通盘考虑所以导致偏离。（自己却认为没偏离）,电脑前的少年被关在无形的鸟笼里,看关系,找联系,电脑像无形的鸟笼控制了人,BetrappedinthebigcageoftheInternetwithoutknowingit,Becomeaddictedtocomputer,Usethecomputerproperly,Putourselvesintothevirtualworld,Billionsofnetizensloserealcommunication,TheInternetreplacesthenormalsocialinteractions.,Becomeaddictedtothevirtualworld,separatedfromthereality,较全面的立意,不全面的立意,2013丰台一模,学生片面立意：目标不切实际正确立意：借助工具和努力实现梦想,Jim,pleaselookatthepicture.Aboyonaladderisreachingoutfortheremotestars.Ibelievethispicturetriestoimpressuponustheimportanceoftryingtoreachourgoals.Nomatterhowfaryoumayseemfromyourdestination,youshouldstillholdthebeliefthatbyworkinghardyouwilleventuallyreachit.Lifeisnotasmoothdownhillroad,andsooftenwefindourselvesadmiringthethingswewantorchanceswedesiredlikelookingatthestarsinthemilkyway.Somepeoplewouldstaybackandpretendtheyarecontentwiththeirlifewhilethetruthisthattheyaretoocowardlytotryhard.Fewwouldactliketheboyinthepicturewhotakesthehardwayuptheladderandreachputforhisheartsdesire.Atonepointhisactionsmayseeminvainandalmostridiculous,forstarsaresofaraway.Butraindropsmakeupthesea,stonesandsandsholdupthesnowypeaks.Workhardandkeepclimbinguptheladder,thenthepoorestmanmakefameandstarsintheskyarereachable.Itisonlyamatteroftryingandpushonesabilitiestotheboundaryofpotential.Whenthepoisonoflazinessplaguedthesociety,itsevermoreimportanttokeeptoyourdreams.Dontbeafraidofothersmocksandclimbtheladdertoyourownshinystar.Jim,wearehighschoolstudents.Wefacemanychallengesandchoices.Focusingonourownstarsandleavenoregretbehind,andwewillachieveourgoal.Dontyouthinkso?(计天仁275w),训练建议,一模后的建议1）立足简单明了的话题（涉及语料库和选图）2）学生用背过或写过的话题生硬往上套，这样会显出学生的思维与图的不一致。3）多在理解和表达上下功夫，如写不出高质量语言，语言也可以是口语化的。4）重在训练立意或破题的准确，语言说通不影响理解就行。得分点在于你是否完成任务，不在于你写了多少。,2012海淀一模,2012朝阳一模,2011西城期末,2012西城一模,引入,2011海淀期末,2011东城期末,