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第九讲动词和动词短语1(2016江苏高考，25)He did not _ easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.AapproachBwrestleCcompromiseDcommunicateC考查语境选词。句意：他不会轻易妥协(compromise)，但乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性意见。C项compromise意为“妥协”，符合语境。approach接近，靠近；wrestle摔跤，扭打；communicate沟通，交流。 【导学号：57732016】2(2016江苏高考，30)Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.Afallen offBtaken offCturned offDleft offB考查“动词off”型短语意义辨析。句意：多亏了良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功(take off)了。take off意为“开始成功”，符合语境。fall off脱落；turn off关掉；leave off停止。3(2016江苏高考，33)Parents should actively urge their children to _ the opportunity to join sports teams.Again admission toBkeep track ofCtake advantage ofDgive rise toC考查语境选词。句意：父母应该积极地督促孩子利用(take advantage of)加入体育队的机会。C项take advantage of意为“利用”，符合语境。gain admission to进入；keep track of记录与保持联系；give rise to使发生。4(2015江苏高考，22)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatest potential.AaccelerateBimproveCperformDdevelopD本题考查语境选词。句意：学校应该是充满活力的地方，在这里人人都会被鼓励去开发(develop)他们最大的潜力。accelerate加速；improve改进；perform表现；develop开发，培养。5(2015江苏高考，27)The university started some new language programs to _ the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.Aapply toBcater forCappeal toDhunt forB本题考查语境选词。句意：这所大学为了_国家的“丝绸之路经济带”战略，开设了一些新的语言项目。apply to申请；cater for迎合，满足；appeal to吸引，呼吁；hunt for寻找。started some new language programs的目的是“满足(cater for)”the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt，故选B项。6(2015江苏高考，29)The whole team _ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.Await onBfocus onCcount onDcall onC本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：整个球队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多(C罗)，而他也很少让他们失望。wait on等待；focus on全神贯注于；count on指望，依靠；call on号召，拜访。根据he seldom lets them down(他很少让他们失望)判断，整个球队都指望(count on)C罗，故选C项。7(2014江苏高考，25)Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies.AchasedBregisteredCofferedDcompensatedA本题考查语境选词。句意：大学的优秀毕业生被各大公司_。chase追逐，追求；register登记，注册；offer提供；compensate补偿，赔偿。大学的优秀毕业生(top graduates)显然是各大公司竞相追逐(chase)的目标。8(2014江苏高考，30)Dad，I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see.Ill go right away and _Apay him backBpay him offCput him awayDput him offB本题考查pay和put短语意义辨析。句意：“爸爸，我认为奥利弗不是做这份工作的合适人选。”“我明白了。我马上去_。”pay back偿还，报答；pay off带来好结果，得到回报，还清(债务)，结清工资并解雇(某人)；put away把收起来，放好；put off推迟，延迟。由题干关键信息“Oliver并不是做这份工作的合适人选可知，要给他结清工资并解雇他(pay him off)”。故选B。9(2014江苏高考，33)Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan.ArememberBremindCrecoverDrecallD本题考查语境选词。句意：传说端午节的起源是为了_屈原的灵魂。remember记住；remind提醒，使回想起，可构成固定搭配remind sb.of sth.；recover使恢复，重新找回(丢失或被偷的东西)；recall召回(to tell sb.to come back)，回想起。人们最初过端午节是为了召回屈原的灵魂(recall the soul of Qu Yuan)，故选D项。10(2016天津高考，8)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject.Agave voice toBkept an eye onCturned a deaf ear toDset foot onA考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法(give voice to.)。A项gave voice to意为“表达对的想法”，符合语境。keep an eye on照看，留意；turn a deaf ear to对充耳不闻；set foot on进入，参观。11(2016天津高考，12)Im going to _ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.AputBmakeCtakeDgiveC考查固定搭配。句意：我打算利用(take advantage of)这次观光机会来探究这座城堡的历史。take advantage of是固定搭配，意为“利用”，符合语境，故选C项。12(2016天津高考，14)I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to _ a conversation with her.Acarry onBbreak intoCturn downDcut offA考查短语意义辨析。句意：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话(carry on a conversation)。A项carry on意为“进行，继续”，符合语境。break into打断，闯入；turn down调低，拒绝；cut off停止，中断。13(2016浙江高考，8)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than _ us.AdivideBrejectCcontrolDabandonA考查语境选词。句意：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧(divide us)时，我们会收获颇多。由语境可知该空要填unite的反义词divide。reject拒绝；control控制；abandon抛弃。知道下面这句谚语更有助于解答该题：United we stand，divided we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。14(2016浙江高考，12)When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt _ from the world.Acarried awayBbroken downCcut offDbrought upC考查语境选词。句意：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人就感觉是与世隔绝了(cut off from the world)。cut off意为“隔绝”，符合语境。carry away带走；break down出故障；bring up抚养。15(2016浙江高考，14)When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that _ my interest.AlimitedBreservedCreflectedDspoiledC考查语境选词。句意：当面临做选课的最终决定时，我决定申请反映(reflect)我兴趣的那门课。reflect意为“反映，体现”，符合语境。limit限制；reserve预订，保留；spoil毁掉。一、常考的形近动词(1) translate, transport, transplant, transform(2) conserve, preserve, reserve(3) commit, submit, permit, admit(4) inspect, expect, respect, suspect(5) resist, persist, insist, assist, consist(6) rise, arise, raise, arouse(7) explode, explore, export(8) require, acquire, inquire, inspire(9) contribute, distribute(10) aboard, abroad, board二、常考意近动词(1) win, defeat, beat, gain(2) fit, suit, match三、常考的动词短语1break短语break away from脱离；放弃；break down损坏；(化学)分解；(汽车)抛锚；垮掉；break in闯入，强行进入；插嘴，打断；break into闯入；打断，突然起来；break off打断；折断；break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发；break up(物理)分解；粉碎，破碎；结束；散开，解散2bring短语bring about引起，导致；bring back把送回，归还；使回忆起；bring down使倒下，降低；bring in引进；挣得；bring out使罢工，阐明，出版；bring up教育，培养3come短语come about发生，产生；come across(偶然)遇见(或发现)；come off从离开，脱落；come on来吧，赶快；come out出来；(书)出版；come to共计，达到；come up with追上，赶上；想出(主意)；找出(答案)4get短语get across被理解；get along/on with进展；与和睦相处；get down下来；记下；get down to开始认真干；get off出发；下车；get through通过；打通(电话)；用完，耗尽5give短语give away泄露；颁发；赠送；give back归还；使恢复；give in屈服；呈交；give off发出，放出(气味、光、热等)；give out用尽，耗尽；分发；公布；发出(光、热等)；give up放弃6hold短语hold back隐瞒；阻碍；控制(情感)；hold out伸出；坚持，维持；hold up阻挡，使停顿；支撑得住；hold on等着；别挂断；坚持住；hold on to保留；抓住不放7make短语make sense有意义，讲得通；make it及时到达；成功；make up编造；化妆；组成，构成；和好；make up for补偿，弥补；make room for让地方；make use of利用；make way for为开路，让路；make up ones mind打定主意，决定8put短语put aside放在一边；put away收起来放好；储蓄；put back放回原处；推迟；put down放下；镇压；记下；put forward提出(计划、建议等)；提前；put off延期，推迟；put out扑灭；生产；公布；put through接通电话；put up提出；建造；举起；张贴，公布；留宿，过夜；put up with容忍9set短语set about着手干；开始做；set aside暂时不考虑；把放到一旁；省出，留出；set off动身；引爆；引起，激发；set out开始；动身；陈述，阐明10take短语take charge of负责，掌管；take in吸收；欺骗；take off(飞机)起飞；脱下；休假；迅速流行；(事业)腾飞；take on呈现；雇用；承担(责任)；take over接管，接任；take the place of代替；take up从事；拿起；占据(时间或空间)11turn短语turn away转身，走开；turn down拒绝；调小；turn off关掉；turn on打开；turn out结果；证明是；关掉；生产，制造；turn over打翻；仔细思量；移交；turn to求助于；翻到，转到；turn up调大；出现12其他常考的动词短语account for解释，说明；answer for对负责，担保；attend to处理，对待，照料；care about关心，在意，担忧；check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记，报到；check out结账离开；consist of包括，由组成；contribute to有助于，导致；deal/do with对付，处理，涉及，论述；figure out想清楚，弄明白，算出；focus on/upon集中(精神、注意力)于；glance at匆匆一瞥；glare at怒视；head for朝行进；insist on坚持要求；object to反对；point out指出；reach out for伸手去够；refer to提到，指的是，查阅；meet with偶遇；rely on/upon指望，信赖；result from因而产生，是造成的；result in结果是，导致；see to照看，处理，负责；show off炫耀；stick to坚持，不放弃；speed up加快速度；suffer from因而受苦；use up耗尽，用尽；watch out警惕，注意；watch over留心，注意；wear out耗尽，使筋疲力尽1(2016南京调研)The stories are mirror images of places in my mind, where reality_fantasy.ArespectsBrepresentsCmeetsDmarksC考查动词。句意：故事就是我脑海里现实遇到(meet)想象的体现。meet意为“相遇，遇见，遭遇”；respect意为“尊重，尊敬”；represent意为“代表，象征”；mark意为“做记号，留下痕迹；纪念”。2(2016南京调研)He was trying to write, but the continuous noise outside his window_him_Aput; offBdropped; offCdrew; outDlet; outA考查动词短语。句意：他正在试图写作，但是窗外的连续不断的嘈杂声使他分神。put sb.off意为“打扰某人，使某人分神；使某人反感，疏远，不信任；使某人失去兴趣或热情”；drop sb.off意为“让某人下车”；draw sb.out意为“使某人畅所欲言”；let sb.out意为“使某人解脱”。3(2016盐城第一学期期中考试)A grandmother in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, who has_poledancing is living proof that life doesnt have to gradually stop when youre old.Ataken toBtaken onCtaken inDtaken upD考查动词短语。句意：当你老了人生未必会逐渐停止，四川成都的一位开始跳钢管舞的老奶奶就是活生生的证明。take up意为“开始从事；学着做，开始做(尤指消遣)；占据，占用”；take to意为“开始喜欢，产生好感；沉溺于，习惯于”；take on意为“呈现；雇佣；承担，决定做”；take in意为“吸收，摄入；欺骗，愚弄；留宿，收留；理解，领会；改小，改瘦；包括，包含”。4(2016盐城第一学期期中考试)A great part of the information I have was_by looking up something and finding something else on the way.ArequestedBacquiredCexchanged DpresentedB考查动词。句意：我的大部分知识都是这样获得的：在寻找某个资料时意外地发现了另外的资料。acquire意为“获得，得到”；request意为“要求，请求”；exchange意为“交换，兑换”；present意为“颁发，授予；呈现，展示，陈述”。5(2016泰州二模)There is no doubt that if the students interest in the subject is aroused, they will_the challenge and commit more of their time and energies to their studies.Aface up toBkeep pace withCput up withDlive up toA句意：毫无疑问如果学生对这门学科的兴趣被激发，他们将敢于面对挑战并投入更多的时间和精力到他们的学习中。face up to敢于面对，敢于正视；keep pace with与步调一致；put up with忍受；live up to不辜负。根据句意，选A项。6The Chinese garden architectures are characterized by _ the environment so that the natural scenes and human interests could be joined together.Acatching up onBholding on toCtaking advantage ofDappealing toC考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国园林建筑具有利用环境的特征，这样自然风景和人类的兴趣可以很好地融合在一起。catch up on意为“补上”；hold on to意为“紧紧抓住”；take advantage of意为“利用”；appeal to意为“吸引”。故选C。7(2016泰州二模)Its obvious that getting these historic sites recognized by the world is helpful for preserving and repairing them, as it_their importance and value.AassociatesBsymbolizesCstressesDabolishesC句意：很明显让那些历史遗址得到世界的认可对保护和修缮它们是有帮助的，因为这强调了它们的重要性和价值。associate联系；symbolize象征；abolish废除。stress强调，stress ones importance强调的重要性，符合题意，故选C项。 【导学号：57732017】8(2016南京、盐城二模)Do you know the story of Niulang and Zhinv?Of course.Their love story was_as an example for hundreds of years in China.Ataken upBkept upCpicked upDheld upD句意：你知道牛郎织女的故事吗？当然。几百年来他们的爱情故事在中国被当作榜样。take up开始从事，占据；keep up持续不变，居高不下；pick up抬起，拿起，(开车)接人。hold up举出(例子)，提出(作为榜样)，be held up as an example被当作例子，符合题意，故选D项。9(2016苏锡常镇一模)Though the College Entrance Exam is drawing near, study shouldnt take up all of your time.Its important to_some time for relaxation and hobbies as well.Aput awayBset asideClay downDtake offB句意：尽管高考越来越近了，但是学习不应该占据你所有的时间。留出一些时间放松一下，并且留出时间给自己的爱好也是重要的。put away收起来，放好；lay down放下；take off脱下，起飞。set aside留出，把放到一边，set aside some time留出一些时间，符合语境，故选B项。10(2016扬州一模)It is said that the municipal government plans to_fireworks in celebration of the 2，500th Yangzhou City Anniversary.Aset offBset outCset upDset aboutA句意：据说市政府计划燃放烟花来庆祝扬州建城2 500周年。set out出发，动身；set up设立，建立；set about开始做，都不能和fireworks搭配。set off fireworks燃放烟花，符合题意，故选A项。11(2016南京、盐城一模)You are not_to unemployment benefit if you have never worked.AaccustomedBresignedCentitledDsubmittedC句意：如果你从来没有工作过的话，就没有资格享受失业救济金。accustom使习惯；resign辞职；submit屈服，投降。entitle使符合资格，entitle sb.to sth.使某人有的资格或权利，符合语境，故选C项。12(2016无锡一模)Is there any hope of saving his life?His injuries are extremely serious but hes expected to_Apull inBpull outCpull upDpull throughD句意：还有希望救活他吗？他伤得特别重，但是有望恢复。pull in(车辆)进站停靠；pull out(车辆)驶出；pull up停车，停止。pull through(大病后)康复，痊愈，符合题意，故选D项。13(2016南通、连云港二模)By applying the theory to the problem，we can brush away the details and_simple patterns.AreleaseBrejectCrevealDreplaceC句意：通过把这个理论应用于这个问题，我们能够去除细节，使简单的模式显现出来。release释放，发布；reject拒绝，排斥；replace代替。reveal显示，揭示，符合题意，故选C项。14(2016南京、盐城二模)It might have_your notice, but I am very busy at the moment.AquitBneglectedCescapedDdeniedC句意：你可能没有注意到，但是我这会儿很忙。quit停止，戒掉；neglect忽视；deny否认，拒绝承认。escape逃过，被忘掉，被忽视，escape sb.s attention/notice未被某人注意到，被某人忽视，符合题意，故选C项。15(2016南京、盐城二模)The frozen waterfall has attracted floods of tourists to_the natural beauty.AcherishBadmireCobserveDdiscoverB句意：结冰的瀑布吸引了大量的游客来欣赏这处自然美景。cherish珍爱，爱护；observe观察，遵守；discover发现，与the natural beauty搭配都不符合本题语境。admire钦佩，欣赏，admire the natural beauty欣赏这处自然美景，符合题意，故选B项。16(2016江苏百校联考)Death toll from Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines_3，637, after the strongest storm this year destroyed the central part of the country on Nov.8, 2013.Arose toBarose fromCrose fromDraised toA句意：今年最强的台风“海燕”在2013年11月8日破坏了菲律宾的中部之后，台风“海燕”在菲律宾造成的死亡人数上升到了3 637人。rise to上升到，后面可以接数词；arise from由引起；rise from从升起；raise是及物动词，后应接宾语。故选A项。17(2016南通第二次调研)Judging the voice not by appearance but by the voice itself makes the TV show_from numerous amusement programs.Ahold outBstand outCstretch outDturn outB句意：根据声音本身而不是根据长相来判断(歌手的)声音，使得这个电视节目在大量的娱乐节目中脱颖而出。hold out伸出，坚持；stretch out伸出，伸直四肢；turn out最终是，结果是。stand out突出，杰出，符合题意，故选B项。18(2016苏北四市一模)In the literature class, our teacher asked us to_all the words in the poem that suggest homesickness.Ahold outBpick outCput outDgive outB句意：在文学课上，老师要求我们挑出诗中所有暗示思乡的词汇。hold out伸出，维持；put out扑灭；give out散发，用完。pick out挑出，选出，符合语境，故选B项。19(2016南京三模)From the moment when babies are born, parents are helping them to be released into the world, not to_them or to control their lives for the rest of life.Ahold on toBput up withCgive in toDbreak up withA句意：自从孩子一出生，父母就一直在帮助他们融入这个世界，而不是紧紧抓住他们，或是控制他们以后的生活。put up with忍受；give in to屈服于；break up with与分手。前面提到released“释放”，空格处应该与之意思相反，另外根据control“控制”，可知空格处应该与之意义相同或相近，用hold on to“紧紧抓住”，符合题意。故选A项。20(2016徐州三模)The writer revealed that the story was_by real life events，though the characters were fictional.AinspiredBencouragedCmotivatedDpromotedA句意：作者透露说这个故事的灵感来自真实的生活事件，尽管人物是虚构的。encourage鼓励；motivate刺激，使有动机；promote促进，推销。inspire激发，使产生灵感，be inspired by受的启发，符合题意。故选A项。11
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