时态讲解及习题.docx

雅思语法章节一、一般现在时，现在进行时二、一般过去时，过去进行时，used to、would三、一般完成时，完成进行时四、过去完成时，过去完成进行时五、将来时 will, going to do六、将来时 （主将从现， be about to ）、将来进行时，将来完成时，过去将来时七、可数名词、不可数名词, many much, a lot of, some, any, a few, few, no八、冠词，代词（this, that, these, those, both, every, either, neither, none）九、指示代词十、形容词、副词十一、比较级十二、名词短语十三、情态动词十四、情态动词十五、间接引语十六、非谓语动词十七、条件状语从句（if, providing, as long as, in case）十八、虚拟语气十九、介词二十、定语从句二十一、组织句子二十二、被动 （have sth done, need to be done）二十三、连词二十四、副词（表明立场 evidently, on the whole）二十五、写作文体正式1. 主谓一致2. 时态3. 被动语态4. 情态动词5. 名词性从句6. 定语从句7. 状语从句8. 虚拟语气9. 倒装句一、时态一、一般现在时： She plays tennis. She does not play tennis. Do you play tennis?1. 表示习惯（always, generally, normally, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day）E.g. I use the internet almost every day.2. 事实E.g. The sun rises in the east.If you heat water to 100c, it boils.3. 祈使句Stand up! Go down the street and turn left.二、现在进行时 he is living in Thailand. Im not living in Thailand. Are they living in Thailand?表示正在进行的动作（at the moment, now, currently, this week.）I am studying hard for my exams.下列动词不用于现在进行时：Agree, believe, think, forget, hope, know.Hate, like, want.Smell, hear, see, smell the pudding tastes delicious.Have, own, belong.三、一般过去时 she worked for the police. She did not work for the police. Did you work for the police?（不规则动词表）rise, beat, build, break, pay有时间A few weeks ago a woman called to report a robbery at her house.可推测How did the burglar break in without knowing anybody hearing him? What did you do in your last holidays? （口语）I went to Hainan last holiday and stayed there for about ten days. Although theweather was still cold here, its very warm in Hainan. I walked on the beach and appreciated the beautiful scenery过去式的特殊句型It is high/about time (that)是该做什么的时候了，谓语动词用过去时。It is high time we made a change.It is time you went to bed.主句用完成时态，从句用since引导，从句要用过去时。 I have lived near the West Lake since I changed my job.四、过去进行时 she is watching the news.-she was watching the news.When, while, as.He was listening to music when the burglar came into the house. The students were writing busily when Miss Wang came in.五、现在完成时 she has started the plan. I have not started the plan. Have you started the plan?1. 表示一直持续到现在的动作，或者是已经完成的动作对现在的影响。表持续：与for和since连用 I have worked here since I graduated. He has been here for more than a month. I have lived in Hangzhou for about 4 years.除此之外already, yet, lately, so far, up till (to) now, You perhaps have made some friends by now.2. 已经结束的动作对现在的影响（口语）I have collected plenty of information.Have you ever traveled by plane?Yes, I do. I would always take the plane when I travel to faraway places. For example, last summer I went to Hainan by plane and I really enjoyed the flight because the service was good and its really fast, only about four hours. 他已经回来了。He has come back.他已经回来三周了。 He has been back for three weeks.那位作家已经去世了。The writer has died.这个作家已经去世两年了。 The writer has been dead for two yearsleavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave, get upbe up, diebe dead, move tolive in,特殊句式中完成时的用法在 This /It is the first /secondtime that常用完成时。This /It was the first /secondtime that中用过去完成时。 This is my second time that I have seen the movie. This was my third time that I had visited the place. 这是我第一次尝试考雅思，我相当有信心。 This is my first time that I have tried to pass the IELTS, and I am fairly confident about it.六、现在完成进行时 have been doing 表持续如for two years, these weeks, since early morning。LiNa has been playing tennis for years。 Your Work （口语）What job (or, what work) do you do? Im a teacher at an English training center. Ive been working there for several years. 人类一直致力于控制自然。 Man has been trying to control nature. I have been preparing for this exam.七、过去完成时 had done when I arrived, he had left.The child realized that he had lost his way.I knew that I had made a mistake at that time.She told me that she had seen the movie before. 那是我第一次去杭州，所以那里的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。 That was the first time that I had visited HZ, so its beuatiful scenery left me a deep impression. l This (It) was the first (second) time that + 过去完成时 那是我第一次参加这么大型的活动，所以我做了充分准备。That was my first time that I had been in such a large event, so I was fully prepared.八、一般将来时1. Will/be going to do例句We are going to visit Paris this summer.She will be back in a moment. gonna= going toNothings gonna change my love for you2. be about to do表示正要，即刻就要发生,tomorrow 之类的副词不可以用在此句型里。S: I see you are drinking wine.L: Yes, we are. We are about to go to bed.3. be+ doing表示意图、安排或者打算。 come, go, leave, arrive, start, die等 We are leaving for New York after the performance. 注意：在时间，条件状语从句中，一般现在时态表示将来即主将从现。 When two rivals meet, the strong-minded one will win. 狭路相逢勇者胜。 As long as we are patient, misery will turn into joys. 只要我们忍耐，痛苦将变为欢乐。九、过去将来时 would，was going to do, was about to doE.G.When I was about to leave it began to rain last night.I never imagined he would be such an idiot.十、将来进行时 will be doingI will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.十一、将来完成时 When I get there they will probably have left.Will have doneBy the end of the year, I will have given the same talk at 6 conferences.综合练习1. Dont take his remarks too seriously. He will stop saying in that way if no notice_ of him. A. is taken B. takes C. will be taken D. has taken2. They will have to decide what to do about the energy crisis before the oil _. A. is run out B. will be run out C. runs out D. will run out3. Im rather tired, I _ since this morning. A. was doing homework B. have done homework C. did homework D. have been doing homework4. Floods and bad farming over the years ruined a land that _ and made it miserably poor. A. was once rich B. had once been rich C. have once been rich D. was once being rich6. You will hardly believe it, but this is the third time tonight someone _ me. A. telephoned B. has telephoned C. had telephoned D. should telephone7. The car _ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten oclock tonight. A. would go B. went C. will be going D. goes8. The company _ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet. A. is promised B. is promising C. has been promising D. promised 9. It was not until then that I came to know that knowledge _ only from practice. A. had come B. has come C. came D.comes 10. By the time you get to New York, I _ for London. A. would be leaving B. am leaving C. have already left D. shall have left11. No decision has been made about the matter yet. We _ it. A. still consider B. have considered C. are still considered D. are still considering12. It has been 7 years since they _ A. got married B. got marry C. get married D. have married. 13. He left home in 1970 and _ heard of since. A. hadnt been B. wasnt C. not has been D. has not been14. He always _ a stomachache, when he ate oyster. A. had B. has C. is having D. would have16. He _ TV, when I dropped in last night. A. was watching B. had watched C. watched D. have been watching 17. By the time you arrive in London, we _ in Europe for two weeks. A. shall stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying专项练习l 一般现在时1、I _ (write) to my parents once a month.2、My sister _ (read) English alould every morning.3、He _ (not look) like his father.4、My parents _ (not like ) talking too much.5、_ he _ (have)bread for breakfast every day?6、Tom _(have) medicine twice a year.7、Who _ (study) hardest in your class?8、I will go out for a picnic if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.9、I will give her the letter as soon as I _ (see) her.10、The teacher told us the earth _ (turn) around the sun.【考例】The woman and her husband _in the same office. 广东省A. work B. works C. is working D. has workedl 一般过去时1.He often _ (go) for a swim when he was young.2.When he _ (begin) to work at the factory.,he _(be) only twelve years old.3.Its ten years since I _(come) here.4.The Greens _(not fly )to America last year.5._ you_(lose)your handbag a moment ago?一What did you do after school yesterday?一I _basketball with my friends北京市A play B played C will play Dam playing一Mr. Green，_you _Three Lanes and Seven Alleys(三坊七巷)last Sunday?一Nobut Ill visit them next week. 福州市 A will；go to B have；been to C did；go to Dhave；gone toHis family the zoo last week. 吉林省A. visit B. am visiting C. visited D. will visitl 一般将来时1.We _ (help )the farmers with the apple-picking tomorrow.2.Dont worry! The teacher _(tell) us what to do with it .3. I dont know if he _(go) there.4.She _(go) by bus if it rains.5.How soon _ the train _(arrive)? In ten minutes.6. _ you _(visit) your uncle next month?】I the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow北京市A. will return B returned C have returned D return】Jack has never been to Disneyland before，but he _there this summer沈阳市A has been B is going C went Dgoesl 现在进行时1. Listen! They _ _ in the next room. A. sing B. is singing C. are singing D. were singing2. Lucy is always busy. She _ only five hours every day. A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. would sleep D. sleeps 3. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having 4. -Is your father a doctor?-Yes, he is. He _ in Town Hospital. A. has worked B. is working C. works D. worked5. Physics _ much harder than English, I think. A. are B. is C. was D. were6. -Mary, could you help me? -Wait a moment. I _. A. read a book B. did my homework C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner.7. The final exam _ next Thursday. A. will take place B. take place C. is taking place D. takes place8. -Can your father drive?-Yes, and he usually _ to school.A. drove B. is driving C. drives D. has driven 9. -Excuse me, where is Jim?-Oh, he _ dumplings in the kitchen. A. makes B. will make C. is making D. made10. -Hurry up! Its time to leave.-Ok, _. A. I come B. Ive come C. Ill come D. Im coming用所给词的适当形式填空11 Look! The children _(play) football on the playground. They play (play) football every Sunday afternoon.12. Please be quiet! We are _ ( listen ) to the song You and Me.13. -Mrs. Green likes children very much, doesnt she?-Yes, thats true. She _( write ) a childrens book these days.14 . How many lessons does Peter _ (have) on Monday?20. Its fine today. The sun _ ( shine).将下列句子转换为现在进行时21. He talks to a friend.22. They dont play computer games.23. Do they swim ?24. Does she write a letter ?25. What do they look at ?l 现在完成时1.Youre late ,The film _ already _ (begin)2. They moved to Canada in 1977 and _ (live) there ever since.3. _ you _(see) Mr Smith ? Im looking for him all the morning.4. In the past ten years, great changes _(take ) place in Guang dong.5. How long _ you _ (be) in China?6. Please give the book back to me if you _ (finish) reading it.7. Miss Zhou isnt here. She _ (go) to the library.8. Mary_ (be)to England twice.二.完成句子。1.我来到河口中学17年了。I _ HeKou Middle School_.2. 他已经去了北京。He _Bei jing .3. 你曾经去过上海吗? _Shanghai ?Its raining! When did it start? 一I dont know exactlyIn fact，it _all this afternoon. 北京市 A1asts B has 1asted C1asted Dwill 1ast-Are you going to see the film with us? -No, thanks. I _ it. 广东省A. saw B. have seen C. see D. was seeing-Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He _ the Xuanwu Lake Park. 南京市A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go toJane _. Im waiting for her. 成都市A. came back B. has come back C. hasnt come backl 过去进行时Dick gave me a note while I _in the library一I guess he made it to say“sorry”to you黄冈市A are reading B was reading C reads Dwill read-I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer. -Oh, sorry. I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. 安徽省A. shop B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping7.被动语态考查一.初中阶段，根据时态的不同，被动语态的基本结构有以下几种形式。1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词3.一般将来时：1)will/shall be+过去分词，2)is/ am/ are going to be +过去分词4.现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词5.现在进行时：am/ is /are +being+过去分词6.过去进行时：was/ were being +过去分词7.过去将来时：1)would be +过去分词，2)was/ were going to be +过去分词8.过去完成时：had been +过去分词9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+过去分词（情态动词：can， could， may， might， will， would ，shall， should， must， need，）二练习一）把下列句子变为被动语态。1.They listened to the policeman carefully.2.He ate up the pears.3.They take care of the Children every day.4.I gave back this book to the library yesterday.5.He gave me a card.6.He often buys me milk.7.He asked me to help him.8.He let me know the news .(注： make do 变为 be made to do seedo 变为 be seen to do heardo 变为 be heard to do letdo 变为 be let to do watchdo 变为 be watched to do feeldo 变为 be felt to do noticedo 变为 be noticed to do )9.Who wrote this book？10.Who broke the window ？11.She didnt see us go into the shop.12. Do you hear her sing Russian songs ?13.She doesnt let her son swim in the river.14. He showed me the way to the post office.二.完成句子1.这些花必须每天都浇水吗?_ these flowers _ every day ?2. 老年人应得到很好的照顾.Old people should _.3.书看完后要放好.After you finish reading the books,_.4.必须采取措施阻止人口迅速增长.Something _ _ _ to stop the population from increasing.四.选择正确答案( )1.The workers _ day and night by the boss. A. are making to work B. are made to work C. made to work D. are made work( )2. Two cakes were made _ him by her last night. A. with B. in C. for D. at ( )3. I wasnt at home yesterday . I _ to help with the harvest on the farm. A. asked B.was asked C. was asking D. had asked. ( )4. The Children are often asked _ loudly. in the library. They must keep quiet. A. to speak B. not to speak C. dont speak D .not speak ( )5. Something must be done _ these animals.A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved.Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. (江西)A. dont tell B. didnt tell C. havent told D. wasnt told答案：D命题立意：本题考查时态的用法。试题解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I 和tell之间是被动关系。Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. (上海)A. pull downB. will be pulled downC. will pull downD. are pulled down答案：B命题立意：本题考查时态和语态的用法。试题解析：由题干时间next year 科知识将来时态，句子主语是old houses ,应用被动语态。故选B。- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost & Found. (浙江) A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has stopped答案：A命题立意：本题考查交际用语中时态、语态的用法。试题解析：由Lets go to the Lost & Found.可知，说明表丢失了。故选A。-Did you go to Sams weekend party? -No, I_.(年湖北宜昌) A. am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite答案：B命题立意：本题考查时态和语态的用法。试题解析：由Did you go to Sams weekend party?可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I 和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。- How often _ your school sports meeting _? (南通) - Once a year.A. does; hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold答案：C命题立意：本题考查时态和语态的用法。试题解析：How often+一般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示“多长时间一次”。往往针对频度副词如：always, seldom, usually, once a month,sometimes, every five minutes.等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干your school sports meeting 作主语，谓语应用被动语态。故选C。On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. (泰州) A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold 答案：D命题立意：本题考查时态和语态的用法。试题解析：由On May 30th, ,可知动作发生在过去；其主语是one bowl与sell存在被动关系。The Thousand- hand Guanyin _ by many people as the best performance at CCTVs Spring Festival Evening. (徐州)A. ha