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第三讲如何写议论文的主体,一、题型特点二、写作技巧,议论性读写任务型作文指的是根据阅读材料所描述的某一事件、现象、观点或话题发表个人观点、意见和建议的一类读写任务，其实质就是要求考生根据题目要求写议论文。英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，能让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿。写作时应注意以下几点。,1.运用过渡语进行衔接过渡,2.采用多种论证方式进行分析,议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐述原因、列举例子等，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或为议论作补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。常用的句式有：,3.结尾总结升华，重申观点,在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的语言重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。常用的句式有：(1)Tosumup/Inshort/Inconclusion/Onthewhole/Allinall.(2)Takingallthefactorsintoaccount,wecandrawaconclusionthat.(3)Fromthediscussionabove,itcanbesafelyconcludedthat.(4)Therefore,itisnecessaryforusto.(5)Tobebrief,weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceof.(6)Onlywhenwe/Onlyby.,canwe.,【典例示范】请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。,(2016江苏卷)Inrecentyears，internetvotinghasbeeincreasingpopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves，butalsourgeotherstovoteforpetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang，ahighschoolstudent，isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer”petition，organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficersdailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbeingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.,SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”petition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthepetition，thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch，buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote，ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.,写作内容1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用23个理由或论据支撑你的看法。写作要求1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。评分标准内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。,参考范文Onlinevotingbeesincreasinglypopular,andmanypetitionsgetpeopleinvolvedinit.Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.Inmyopinion,onlinevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbeweled,sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupports.Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.Furthermore，votingontheInternetmakesinstantfeedbackpossible.,Tobehonest，voterssometimesfeelannoyed，notbecausetheyhatevoting，butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopletoobey.Therefore，Iholdapositiveattitudetowardsonlinevoting.,能力提升练1请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。(2018江苏镇江高三调研)The18-year-oldgirlfromLinyi,Shandongprovincescored568pointsonhercollegeentranceexamthisyearandwasadmittedtoNanjingUniversityofPostsandTelemunications.OnAug19,Xureceivedaphonecallfromanunknownpersontellingherthatshewasduetoreceivestudentfunding.Followingthecall,Xutransferreda9，900-yuan“activationfee”intothemansbankaccount,hopingthemoneywouldappearinherstudentaccount,butitneverdid.,Afterdiscoveringtheyhadbeencheated,thefamilyimmediatelyreportedtheincidenttothepolice,butXuwassaidtobefrustrated.Ontheirwayhome,shesuddenlyfaintedanddespitedoctorsbesteffortstorescueher,shepassedaway.ThedeathofXuyuyuimmediatelycausedanoutcryoverthesociety,andonceagain,itfiredapublicangertowardsthosewhomitheartlessfraud(欺诈).SohowwasXusprivateinformationleakedout?Reportershavediscoveredthattherearemanypeoplewhoopenlyselltheexamineesinformationonline.Theinformationincludestheexamineesname,school,phonenumber,andaddress.Thepersonalinformationofexamineehasbeethetargetoftheonlinefraudindustry.,写作内容1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个词就“Personalinformationleakage”谈谈你的看法和感受，内容包括：(1)简述个人信息泄露的危害及保护个人信息的重要性；(2)就如何保护个人信息提几点建议(至少两点)。写作要求1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。评分标准内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。,参考范文AgirlfromShandong,whowouldsoonbeginheruniversitylife,wascheatedoutof9，900yuanduetopersonalinformationleakage.Theheavyblowclaimedherlife,whicharousedangerinsociety.Theleakageofpersonalinformationisofgreatharm.Notonlywillpeoplebefrequentlytroubledbyunwantedshortmessagesorcalls,butalsopeoplemaybecheatedoutofmoneyorbeputindanger.Thus,theprotectionofpersonalinformationisofvitalimportanceinorderformonpeopletomaintainapeacefulandsafelife,aswellastoprotectonesownfortune.,Herearethetipsonhowtoprotectonespersonalinformation.Neverclickanylinkonphonesorputersunlessitcanbeutterlytrusted.Also,avoidconnectingsmartphonestoanyuntrustedWiFiinpublicplaces.Apartfromtheeffortsofmonpeople,thegovernmentmustsparenoefforttofightagainstcriminalssellingotherspersonalinformation.,能力提升练2请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。(2018江苏海安高级中学期中考试)FlorenceChadwickwasborninCaliforniain1918.Shegrewuponthebeachandbeganpetingasaswimmerattheageofsix,whenheruncleenteredherinarace.Forthenext19years,shecontinuedasapetitiveswimmer.,OnJuly4,1952,attheageof34,Chadwickattemptedtobeethefirstwomantoswim21milesacrosstheCatalinaChannel,fromaportontheCaliforniacoast.Thatdaytheoceanwasicecold,thefogwassothickthatshecouldhardlyseethesupportboatsthatfollowedher,andsharksswamaroundher.Severaltimes,hersupportcrewusedgunstodriveawaythesharks.WhileAmericanswatchedontelevisions,hermotherandhertrainer,whowereinoneofthesupportboats,encouragedhertokeepgoing.However,after15hoursand55minutes,withonlyahalfmiletogo,shefeltthatshecouldntgoon,andbeggedtobetakenoutofthewater.,Later,Chadwicktoldareporter,“Look,Imnotexcusingmyself,butifIhadseenlandIknow,Icouldhavemadeit.”Thefoghadmadeherunabletoseeherswimminggoal,anditmadeherfeelshewasgettingnowhere.Twomonthslater,shetriedagain.Althoughthefogwasstillheavy,yetthistimeshemadeitwiththegoalrootedinhermind.Sheknewbehindthefogwasthelandshepursued.,写作内容以约120个词就“GoalandSuccess”的主题谈谈你的看法，内容包括：(1)分析Chadwick第一次失败和第二次成功的原因；(2)Chadwick的故事对你有什么启发；(3)结合实际谈谈如何实现自己的目标。写作要求1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。评分标准内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。,参考范文GoalandSuccessAnAmericanwomanswimmerChadwicksucceededincrossingtheCatalinaChannelafterfailinginherfirstattempt.Itwasagoalinhermindthatenabledhertomakeit.Chadwickfailedinherfirstattemptbecauseshecouldntseethe“land(goal)”duetothe“fog(difficulty)”.Butlater,shesucceededbecauseshehad“thegoalrootedinhermind”despitetheheavy“fog”.,Fromthestory,weknowweshouldunderstandtherelationbetweenthegoalandthedifficulty.Thegoalcanencourageustoworkhardtoachievesuccesswhilethedifficultymaypreventusfromreachingourgoal.However,wecanachieveourgoalbyoveringanypossibledifficulties.Asstudents,wemaymeetwithmanydifficultiesinourstudy,butwecansurelyoverethemifwehaveacleargoal.Iwishallofuscouldbreakthroughthe“fog”toreachthebeautiful“land”.,
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