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Unit3DevelopmentofCommonGround,Leadin,excerpt:N/VN:excerpt(fromsth)ashortpieceofwriting,music,film,etc.takenfromalongerwholeV:excerptsth(fromsth)ThedocumentwasexcerptedfromanunidentifiedFBIfile.此文件摘自来源不明的联邦调查局档案。,remark:N,1.Somethingthatyousayorwritewhichexpressanopinion,thought,ectaboutsb/sth谈论，言论，评论2.(old-fashionedorformed)thequalityofbeingimportantorinterestingenoughtobenoticed引人注目，显耀例句：Theexhibitioncontainsnothingthatisworthyofremark.,proliferation:N,1.asuddenincreaseinnumberoramount(数量的）激增，剧增theproliferationofweaponsofmassdestruction大规模杀伤武器的激增Tomakemattersmorecomplicated,theIAEA,theorganizationthatissupposedtohaltproliferation,isinfactaidingit.使事情更趋复杂的是，理应制止核扩散的国际原子能机构却在事实上为此提供帮助。,multifaceted:adj,Containingmanydifferentaspects,features,orqualities多方面的；多特征的；多特性的Hereisamainpointtotakeawayfromthisarticle:Successisamultifaceted,personalconcept.总结一下本文的中心思想：成功是多方面的，是一个个人的概念。,Paragraph1,1.note:observewithcareorpaycloseattentiontoInotedachangecomeoverhisface.2.rollercoaster:elevatedrailwayinanamusementpark(usuallywithsharpcurvesandsteepinclines)环滑车；游乐场滑车Elliestoodinlineforoveranhourtoridetherollercoasterattheamusementpark.艾莉在游乐园为了要玩云霄飞车，排队排了一个多小时。,read:,giveacertainimpression给予某种印象e.g.1.Thestoryreadswell.这篇小说读起来很不错。2.Thepoemreadslike(soundsasifitis)atranslation.这首诗听起来像是翻译作品。,getway:getwhatsb.wants,Sheusuallygetherwaywithoutneedtopullrank.Para1:有趣的是，当你把美中关系放到适当的历史背景中观察的话，就会发现它像一辆过山车。约翰泰勒把凯莱布顾圣派到这里来，是因为英国从与中国的贸易关系中所得甚多，引起了美国的极大关切。,Paragraph2,Opium:apowerfulillegaldrugmadefromtheseedsofatypeofPOPPY鸦片Facilitate:tomakeitpossibleoreasierforsomethingtohappen是便利；推动，促进SocialfacilitationeffectWorkingharderwheninagroupthanwhenworkingalone.社会促进效应：个人在群体中工作比单独工作更努力。,1.tariff:N2.Open-ended:adj,Ataxthatagovernmentchargesongoodsthatenterorleavetheircountry关税Open-ended:adjwithoutanylimits,restrictionoraimssetinadvance无限制全的，无期待的目标,Lease:n/v,tohavealegalagreementinwhichsomeonepaysyoumoneytouseyourbuilding,land,orequipmentforaspecificperiodoftime.出租，租用,Paragraph3,.extraterritorialityekstr,teri,t:riltin.治外法权（等于exterritoriality）Finally,wehadextraterritorialityandusedthislegaladvantageinordertobeextremelyactiveintheopiumtrade.最后，我们有治外法权，并利用这一法律的好处，以极为活跃在鸦片贸易。,first-ever：adj,首次的，破天荒第一次的，史无前例的Novel:adjneworunusual新颖的；不同寻常的Anovelsolutiontoaproblem解决问题的新颖方案,Paragraph4,Multifaceted:adjcontainingmanydifferentaspects,features,orqualities多放方面的，多特征的，多特性的virtually:adjusedforemphasizingthatastatementisalmostcompletelytrue差不多，实际上,Imaginable:adj,Usedforemphasizingthatitisdifficulttoimagineanythingmoreextreme可想象的，想象得到的1.asituationthatwouldhavebeenhardlyimaginabletenyearsago.2.Hehadbeensubjectedtothemostterribleabuseimaginable.他遭受了能想得到的最残酷的虐待。,collaborative:adj,Involvingpeopleorgroupsworkingtogethertoproducesomething合作的，协作的,Paragraph5,oval:adj；withashapelikealongnarrowcircle椭圆形的，anovaltable椭圆形的桌子OvalOffice:美国总统办公室,Layout:phrasalvb,Toexplainsomethingcarefullyandclearly（详细地）解释，说明e.g.Thedocumentslayouttheprinciplesclearlyenough.这些文件将各条原则解释的非常清楚。,Paragraph6,Drivingsnow/rain:snoworrainthatfallsveryfast.Thenorthwindcame,anddrivingrain.北风刮来，接着又下起了倾盆大雨。Hereturnedhomeonfootatmidnight,inadrivingrain-storm.他走路回家，到家已是午夜，正下着大雨。,Tarmac:N,1.thepartofanairportwheretheplanestopandthatpeoplewalkacrosstogetonaplane（机场的）停机坪；飞机跑道2.athickblackmixtureofTARandverysmallstones,usedespeciallyformakingthesurfacesofroads(尤指用来铺路面的）柏油碎石头,byandlarge,Usedforreferringtosomethinginaverygeneralway总体来说；大体上，基本上e.g.ByandlargeIthinktheemphasisshouldbeonrecruitingtherightpeople.总得来说，我认为重要的是招聘合适的人。,Paragraph7,boundbysth/todosth:forcetodosthbylaw,dutyoraparticularsituation受（法律，义务或情况）约束（必须做的事）e.g.Wearenotboundbythedecision.我们不受该决定的约束。Youareboundbythecontracttopaybeforethenendofthemonth.按照合同规定，有必须在月底前付款。,Paragraph8,ajointstatement联合声明2.Hammerout:todiscussaplan,anidea,ect.untileveryoneagreesoradecisionismade反复讨论出（一致意见）充分研讨出（决定）Anewdealwashammeredoutbetweenthetwobanks.两家银行最终达成了新的协议。,non-proliferation:alimittotheincreaseinthenumberofnuclearandchemicalweaponsthatareproduced.防止核扩散update:anewsupdate最新的报道Thenewslettergivesanupdateoncurrentactivities.内部通讯刊登了近期活动最新情况。,Paragraph9,convene:toarrangeforpeopletocometogetherforaformalmeeting召集e.g.Thecommitteewillconveneat11:30nextThursday.委员会将在下周四上午11:30开会。,Implement,tomakesththathasbeenofficiallydecidedstarttohappenorbeused使生效贯彻。执行实施Toimplementchanges/decisions/policies/reforms实行变革，执行决议，实施改革,execute,todoapieceofwork,performaduty,putaplanintoaction,etc执行，实施e.g.Theydrewupandexecutedaplantoreducefuelconsumption.他们制定并实施了一项降低燃料消耗的计划。,译文：,几个月后，我们将有机会在北京举行下一轮战略与经济对话，届时可以评估这一关系，看看进展如何，而目前已出现积极气氛，这对开始履行和实施其他我们能够共同实现的目标意义重大。,Paragraph10,engagein:totakepartinaparticularactivity,especiallysomethingthattakesalotoftimeoreffort从事。忙于Heiscurrentlyengagedinadisputewithhisformerbusinesspartner.目前他正忙着解决和从前的生意合伙人之间的争端。,Paragraph11,doable:abletobedone可做的。可行的1.Itwilltakesomeorganizing,butIthinkitisadoable.这将需要组织一番，但我认为是可行的。2.Anofficialoftheaircraftcompanysaidhethoughtoutfittingtheaircrafttodetectlandmineswasdoable.,Legacy,Moneyorpropertythatyouarrangeforsomeonetohaveafteryoudie.遗产Mygrandmotherdiedandleftmeasmalllegacy.,译文：,第二，增进人民及文化交往的双边机制，而我们许多人正是这种交往的一部分。我能想到的比这更重要的事情实在不多，因为，如果我们确实认真对待美中两国关系的话，就必须确保下一代人有研习、参加交流和学语言的机会，有更多的机会考察了解对美国人来说陌生的制度，以及对这里的中国学生来说非常陌生的美国制度。因此，通过在今后四年再向中国输送100,000名美国学生这肯定不容易，但可以做到我想，这会是今年在美中关系史上留下的较为重要的长期贡献之一。,Paragraph12,commitment：amessagethatmakesapledge承诺Hemadeacommitmenttopaytherentontime.playout:take/makeShecontinuedtoplayoutherroleofdutifuldaughter,1.dramatically:inaveryimpressivemannerOurwayoflifehaschangeddramaticallyoverthelasttenyears.,2.emission:theactofemittingThepolicyaimsatcuttingdownexhaustemissions,conservation:thepreservationandcarefulmanagementoftheenvironmentandofnaturalresourcesSheisinterestedinconservation.putforward:putbeforeHeputforwardaplanforthecommitteetoconsider,peer:apersonwhoisofequalstandingwithanotherinagroupAspeers,weshouldhelpeachother.review:evaluationfeature：aspecialorprominentarticleinanewspaperormagazine,译文：,第三，在气候变化问题上，我们可能对具体承诺在短期内产生效果的强度和速度存在一些分歧，但是双方都认识到要在本世纪中期大幅度降低碳排放并找到能源保护新措施的重要性。由丹麦首相拉斯穆森提出的方案一直都在讨论之中，我们认为其中包括的同行评议环节非常重要,Paragraph13,asidefrom:exceptEverythingwasquiet,asidefromtheoccasionalsoundofacarinthedistance.initiative:readinesstoembarkonboldnewventuresIamsurethenewinitiativeyouhavetakentodaywillbearfruit.efficiency：theratiooftheoutputtotheinputofanysystemengineefficiency发动机效益,Paragraph13,第四，清洁能源。除了过去几周来广受议论与报道的美中清洁能源研究中心之外，在电动车和清洁建筑能效方面还有几项新举措。,Paragraph14,stumbleover：给绊倒;结结巴巴地说=happenfrequentlyMenoccasionallystumbleoverthetruth,butmostofthempickthemselvesupandhurryoffasifnothingeverhappened.inventory:adetailedlistofalltheitemsinstockTheinventoryshowedthatthestorewasoverstocked.,译文：,这都是生活中常见的。仅以其中的清洁建筑能效为例：当你停下来思考一下，中国在未来十年将兴建的商业办公设施会超过我们在美国的这类设施的总面积，就知道这个方面有多重要，如果做法得当，中国在未来多年将为减少全球排放量作出多么重要的贡献。我们也会提倡岩石气资源的能源合作关系，并致力于推动大规模碳封存项目的技术与合作。,Paragraph15:,ratification:makingsomethingvalidbyformallyratifyingorconfirmingitOpinionpollsindicatedatwo-thirdsmajorityinfavourofratificationofthetreaty.第五，就核武器扩散而言，我们将致力于促使全面禁止核试验条约获得批准；并将就裂变材料禁产条约展开谈判；中国也已同意积极参与定于2010年4月举行的核安全峰会的筹备工作。,Paragraph16,outspeak:坦白大胆地说，直率地说；Donthesitate,outspeak!emerge:comeoutofThesunemergesfromtheclouds.weather:faceorendurewithcourageThecountryhadweatheredaseriouscrisis,endupwith:结束；以而结束；以告终Forcompaniesthemaintaskissimplytoendupwithmoretalentedpeoplethantheircompetitors.package:acollectionofthingswrappedorboxedtogetherTheyaretryingtoputtogetherapackagethatwillendthedispute.reassure:causetofeelsureThemarketisreassuredbythegovernmentstatementonimportcontrol.,译文：,第六，关于全球经济危机，两国首脑都对这场危机的后果直言不讳，并阐明了双方的合作对于挺过早期风暴至关重要。两国采取的行动在危机初期大多没有公开或并不醒目，但是我们确实推出了良好的刺激方案，重建了市场信心，并稳定了抵押信贷系统。,EconomicCrisis,Paragraph17,aftermath:theconsequencesofanevent(especiallyacatastrophicevent)后果Intheaftermathofthehurricane,manypeopleshomesweredestroyed.,译文：,但我们应当谨记，在这场我们尚未走出的危机的影响下形成的全球经济新秩序将与原有秩序完全不同，我们必须认识到主要依赖美国消费者和亚洲的出口产品来刺激增长的局限性。,Paragraph18,allthewhile:always一直，始终HeteachesEnglishintheschoolallthewhile.美国实现平衡经济增长的新战略意味着增加储蓄并减少开支；改革美国的金融体系；减少我们的长期赤字；增加出口；在这个过程中创造更多薪酬更高的就业机会并始终保持市场开放。,Paragraph19,transition:theactofpassingfromonestateorplacetothenext过度，转化Adolescenceistheperiodoftransitionbetweenchildhoodandadulthood.adolescence,dulesns,-snsin.青春期,译文：,在中国，实现经济增长的新战略意味着提高劳动者与消费者的生活水平，具体途径是在市场中增加选择机会，使各种基础设施得到改善，使金融结构现代化，改善住房条件，提供高质量的医疗服务以及温家宝总理在前一天刚提到的一个更加全面发展的社会保障网，他认为这个社会保障网对于现在正在实行的经济转型至关重要。,Paragraph20,Thereiseveryreason=ThereisenoughreasonThereiseveryreasonforsocietytoundertakeprogramsthatdealwiththeseproblems.sustained:a.continuous持续的Batsaretheonlymammalstohavewingsandtoachievesustainedflight.preeminent:greatestinimportanceordegreeorsignificanceorachievement卓越，超群的Heispreeminentbecausehisarticlesarewellwritten,adversity:astateofmisfortuneoraffliction逆境Asfiretriesgold,sodoesadversitytryvirtue.anew:againbutinanewordifferentway再，重新Hesdeterminedtobeginhislifeanew.priority:statusestablishedinorderofimportanceorurgency优先Thedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyisatoppriority.,译文：,我们完全有理由相信中国将会成功，中国近30年来创造的非凡业绩将会保持下去。我们也完全有理由相信，美国将再次赢得美利坚强国的卓越地位。你们知道，我们是一个善于迎逆境而起的国家。我想我们将来回顾这几年时，会把这段时间视为促使我们改变方针、从新的角度审视我们今后各项重点的时期。,MainIdea,militarytomilitaryexchangessomething,facilitatingabilateralmechanismforpeople-to-peopleandculturalexchanges,climatechange,cleanenergy,nuclearproliferation,globaleconomiccrisis,Exercises,2.Vocabulary.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthetextwithoutreferringtotheoriginal.Thefirstletterforeachwordisgiven.1)Weshouldopposetradeprotectionismofvariousformsandworktogetherto_acomprehensiveandbalancedconclusiontotheDoharoundnegotiations.,faciliate,2.AndIhavemadeclearthatwewillhelpIraqistransitiontofullresponsibilityfortheirfuture,andkeepour_toremoveallAmericantroopsbytheendof2011.,commitment,3.Despitemassivestimulus,todaysrecessionshavebeendeeperthanthe_ofJapansbubble.,aftermath,4.TheNYSEhasrecentlyembarkedonaroundofacquisitionsand_dealsinanefforttobecomeatrend-setterintechnologyaswellasglobalisation.5.Forathousandyears,Chinaspositionasthe_worldpowerwasbeyonddoubt.,collaborative,preeminent,6.Likealllivingsystems,thisinterlockinghuman-madeecosystemtendstoexpand,toworkaroundimpediments,andtoadaptto_7.Neighbourswhohavenoreasontoknoweachotherwillneedto_andcollaborateinordertogetanewschoolorbetterpolicing.,adversity,convene,8.Asthewesterneconomies_underempiresofdebt,Russiaislargelyunaffectedbythecreditsqueeze.9.Thismechanismhadhelpedtosignificantlyimprovetherationalityand_ofgovernmentpricing.,stumble,transparency,10.LaterthatyeartheAssemblydecidedtorefertheConventiontoallStatesfortheirconsideration,signatureand_.,ratification.,Cloze,munities8.solve9.denied10.worth11what12.belief13.progress14.innovate15.incomes16.otherwise17.building18.sustainable19cultures20.difference.,Translation1,数家私营公司和团体已承诺通过其全球网络提供辅导人员，它们包括英特尔公司、安永会计师事务所、考夫曼基金会、实业组织、技术瓦迪协会以及青年总裁组织和巴布森学院。国务院已与几个现有团体合作开创建立供电子辅导团使用的上网门户。不久，我们将在国务院的网站上刊登这些网站的链接。我们还将通过电子邮件向你们以及其他合作伙伴介绍具体的登记步骤。我们希望大家将来也成为导师。这项计划的成功取决于参与者，因此我敦促你们参与，并鼓励其他人也这样做。,Translation2,1)JustlikeAmericaduringitstake-offinthelate19thcentury,emergingeconomiestendtobesubjecttoeconomicupsanddowns.2)InthereinoftheSuiandTangDynasties,relativestabilityofsociety,economicgrowthandimprovementoflivingconditionsleaduptopeoplesincreasingattentiononthequalityoflife.,3)Thismeasurecouldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.4)First,towintenureinaUSuniversity,youneedtopublishinprestigiouspeer-reviewedjournals.,5)Whentryingtogrowitseasytostumblemorethanonceandscratchyourkneesonyourwaytosuccess,happiness,expansionofconsciousnessandallthatgoodstuff.6)Aswelookbackon15yearsofachievement,letuslookforwardtoaworldofequalityandprogressforall.,7)Ifgovernmentsarenotcareful,thiswillendupwithmanufacturingexportlobbiesonceagainseizingcontrolofgovernmentpolicy.8)Withcouragewecanconqueradversity;withmagnanimity,wecantolerateunhappyrelationships.,
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