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Unit5,NelsonMandelaamodernhero,LearningaboutLanguage,语法精讲,关系副词和“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句,自主预习,观察思考，观察下列句子，写出黑体词(关系代词)的先行词及在定语从句中所作的成分ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.(先行词_，时间状语)Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.(先行词_，地点状语),thetime,astage,TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.(先行词_，地点状语)Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.(先行词_，地点状语)Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.(先行词_，宾语),theplaces,thepartsoftown,theblacklawyer,合作探究,1关系副词引导的定语从句,Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldntgetmucheducation.他生活在一个盲人得不到教育的时期。Canyoutellmethepanywhereheworks?你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.这就是单词belated被发明的原因。,用适当的关系词填空。(2015陕西)Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime_heshouldbeabletobeindependent.Iamlookingforwardtotheday_Icanbeadmittedtoafamousuniversity.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesinmunityactivities_theycangainexperienceforgrowth.Itwasthemiddleofthenight_myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.,2介词which/whom引导的定语从句。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。关系代词只能用which或whom。先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时，用whom。在这个结构中，介词的确定的原则是：(1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。,(2)依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。IllneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。(4)表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。Theoldwomanhastwosons，bothofwhomaredoctors.这位老太太有两个儿子，两个儿子都是医生。,1在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如lookafter,lookfor等。Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingareveryhealthy.(误)2关系代词和关系副词的选择：(1)明确定语从句的先行词是表时间还是地点。(2)分析句子结构，明确先行词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。(3)分析从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词。,用适当的关系词填空(2015浙江高考)Creatinganatmospherein_employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.(2015重庆高考)Hewrotemanychildrensbooks，nearlyhalfof_werepublishedinthe1990s.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof_usesitdifferently.,which,which,which,
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