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教学无忧http:/jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/专注中小学 教学事业！Module 1 Deep SouthGrammar and Usage - Review of subjectsGoalsTo review and master the use of subjects and verbsProceduresStep 1: Review subjects1.主语的定义：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首，但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。2.主语的表现形式：1)名词Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth.2)代词We often speak English in class.3)数词One third of the students in this class are girls.4)不定式To swim in the Lijiang river is a great pleasure.To master a foreign language is necessary.5)动名词Smoking does harm to the health.Playing football in the street is dangerous.6)名词化的形容词The rich are not always happy.The beautiful is not always good.7)主语从句When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet.What the treaty aims to do is to prevent the commercial and military use of the continent.8)作形式主语It is necessary to master a foreign language.It is a pity that he cant come to the party.3. 主谓一致 主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致，即主语为单数形式， 谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式2)意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。(1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，如there be句型或用连词either.or.，neither.nor.,not only.but also等。 要注意的几个问题(1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数; 如果指每个成员，用复数。His family are watching TV in the sitting room.His family is very big.(2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。The pair of glasses fits you well.Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. (3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。Ours (=Our Party) is a great party.Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. (4)当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. (5)the + adj.表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The old are going to be looked after well. (6)and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词无冠词。A speaker and writer is coming tomorrow. (同一个人)A speaker and a writer are coming tomorrow. (两个人) (7)Every A and every B/Each A and each B/No A and no B作主语时，谓语动词用单数，其中A、B代表单数名词。(8)The number of+.，谓语动词用单数。A number of+.，谓语动词用复数，相当于a lot of。The number of the students in our class is 50.A number of students are learning Japanese now.(9)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Behind the house are some trees.(10)表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half bananas is left on the table.(11)几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n./pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n./pron.决定。而one of+n./pron.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Two thirds of the bread was eaten. (12)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。The doctors is on the other side of the street.(13)表示“一段时间”“一段距离”“一些钱”的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。Six miles is too far for an old man to walk.(14)关系代词who, that, which在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数与先行词一致。Those who want to go have signed their names here.(15)疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词根据说话人所表达的意思决定单复数。Who live next door? Its Zhang and Liu. /Who lives next door? Its Liu.Step 2: Review verbs 1.谓语的定义：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。2.谓语的构成：1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. Yesterday afternoon he reached Guilin.She takes good care of her sick mother.He has got rid of his bad habit.2. 复合谓语由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks.Youd better not take the magazine out of the reading-room.He has caught a bad cold. He has to go to see a doctor.She doesnt seem to like dancing. We are going to call on him tonight.由系动词加表语构成。如： We are students.He looked a bit excited.Step 3: 动词动词是历年高考热点，也是高三英语复习备考重难点。下文对近三年高考题进行盘点，拟总结规律，剖析难点，指出应试策略，指导考生轻松过关。热点一：动词词义辨析热点透视考查考生在特定语境中恰当运用动词能力。 难点剖析 备选动词词义相近，用法相似。考题盘点If anybody calls, tell them Im out, and ask them to _their name and address. （2003全国）A. pass B. write C. take D. leave据题意应选leave, 表“留下”。其余动词不合题意，故选D。备考策略 结合语境，从区别词义着手；其次从用法上加以区别，如后跟to dodoing做宾语 ，还是跟双宾语，或者是复合宾语等。加强对考纲内重要近义动词的复习。如：spend ,waste , take, kill；raise, keep, support, feed等。高考链接1. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _one-year-old twins at the head. (2004上海)A. isolated B. separated C. divided D. removed2. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would _. ( 2004浙江)A. act B. help C. serve D. last3. Go and join in the party. _ it to me to do the washing-up.(2002上海)A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. Send4. We _ the last bus and didnt have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home. (2006全国I) A. reached B. lost C. missed D. caught5. Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had _ his leg. (2006全国I) A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck6. Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not _ her to do so. (2006全国II) A. forbid B. allow C. follow D. ask7. We want to rent a bus which can _ 40 people for our trip to Beijing. (2006天津) A. load B. hold C. fill D. support8. Dont respond to any e-mails _ personal information, no matter how official they look. (2006天津) A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning9. The traffic lights _ green and I pulled away. (2006广东) A. came B. got C. went D. grew10. Try not to start every sentence with “the”. _ the beginnings of your sentences. (2006上海) A. Vary B. Decorate C. Form D. Describe11. It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house. (2006安徽)A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted12. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _ healthy eating habits. (2006湖北) A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise13. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher. (2006山东) A. make B. turn C. get D. grow14. -What should I do first? (2006浙江) - The instructions _ that you should mix flour with water carefully first. A. go B. tell C. write D. say15. Some passengers complain that it usually _ so long to fill in travel insurance documents.(2003上海)A. costs B. takes C. spends D. sparesKeys: 1-5 BBCCB 6-10 BBCCA 11-15 BBADB热点二：动词短语辨析热点透视 考查考生在具体语境中运用动词短语能力。难点剖析 备选词组形近或义近，或二者兼备或同一动词不同搭配； 除涉及词义辨析外，还结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。考题盘点1. News reports say peace talks between the two countries _with no agreement reached. (2003全国)A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up此题还涉及时态，增加了试题难度。考查同一动词不同搭配，break up表打碎，化合物分解，大学放假等；break down 表（机器等）坏掉，（计划、谈判等）失败，物理分解等；故选A。2. You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _the books when you have finished with them. (2004全国)A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put offput是考生熟悉的词，故此题难度不大，据题意put back 表放回原处，故选C。备考策略 对词义相近短语加强词义辨析，如：make up(构成，组成),take up(占据时间、空间)，keep up (保持)，hold up（延误、举起）；部分词组本身就表被动，如：come up（被提出）；还有一部分词组无被动语态，如：come about, break out等。高考链接1. I dont _rock roll. Its much too noisy for my taste. (2004北京)A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for2. It was not a serious illness, and she soon _it. (2004天津)A. got over B. got on with C. got around D. got out of3. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _.(2006全国II)A. between B. through C. across D. beyond4. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt much help when it _ shopping and eating. (2006天津)A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to5. -How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? - Well, I _ somehow. (2006重庆) A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off6. -The boss said we had only three days to finish the work. -Dont worry. We have already _ two thirds of it. (2006四川) A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away7. I was still sleeping when the fire _, and then it spread quickly. (2006广东) A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out8. -Are you going to have a holiday this year? -Id love to. I cant wait to leave this place _.(2006江苏) A. off B. out C. behind D. over9. -Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much. -If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _ to three fifty. (2006安徽) A. come down B. take down C. turn over D. go over10. She _ Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (2006福建) A. picked out B. made out C. made up D. picked up11. Its already 10 oclock, I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. (2006湖北) A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up12. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter. (2006湖北) A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over13. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _ scenes of my childhood. (2006湖北) A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in14. Although the wind has _, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat. (2006湖北) A. turned up B. gone back C. died down D. blown out15. After the earthquake, the injured were cared _ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (2006江西)A. of B. for C. after D. with16. For all these years I have been working for others. Im hoping Ill _ my own business someday. (2006江西) A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up17. The computer system _ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. (2006辽宁) A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in18. After he retired from office, Rogers _ painting for a while, but soon lost interest. (2006山东) A. took up B. saved up C. kept up D. drew up19. With no one to _ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. (2006陕西) A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off D. turn over20. Were trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we _ your number incorrectly. (2006浙江) A. looked up B. took down C. worked out D. brought aboutKeys: 1-5 DABDA 6-10 BACAD 11-15 CCACB 16-20CAAAB热点三：动词时态热点透视 进行时、过去时和完成时是考试热点。难点剖析 备选答案涉及不同时态的辨析，主要是：一般现在时和一般过去时、一般将来时和过去进行时、一般现在时和完成时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时；结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。考题盘点1. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. (2003全国)A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown据as可知主从句时态应保持一致，故选C。2. My mind was not on what he was saying so Im afraid I _half of it. (2004全国)A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed从连词so得知前后句时态应保持一致，据语境，故选D。备考策略 深入情景，揣摩动作发生顺序；重视题干暗示作用，如时间副词、并列或从属连词等；善于运用时态呼应规律。高考链接1. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. (2004北京)A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider2. What were you doing when Tony phoned you? I had finished my work and_ to take a shower. (2004天津)A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting3. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. (2006全国I) A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live4. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _ for the wedding. (2006全国II) A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned5. -_ leave at the end of this month. -I dont think you should do that until _ another job. (2006北京) A. Im going to; youd found B. Im going to; youve found C. Ill; youll find D. Ill; youd find6. -Where did you put the car keys? -Oh, I _ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _ in. (2006北京) A. remembered; come B. remembered; was coming C. remember; come D. remember; was coming7. What we used to think _ impossible now does seem possible. (2006天津) A. is B. was C. has been D. will be8. I _ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (2006重庆) A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived9. -Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it! -OK, I _.(2006重庆) A. wont B. dont C. will D. do 10. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20. (2006四川) A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken11. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before. (2006广东) A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying12. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home. (2006上海) A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write13. Although medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. (2006江苏) A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved14. I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. (2006安徽) A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred15. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.(2006福建) A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off16. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour. (2006湖北) A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked17. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _ to half a dozen other groups. (2006湖南)A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given18. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months and then went to America. (2006江西) A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working19. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. (2006辽宁) A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going20. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner. (2006辽宁) A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come21. -You look very tired. _ at all last night? -No, not really. Im tired out now. (2006陕西) A. Do you sleep B. Were you sleeping C. Did you sleep D. Had you slept22. This machine _. It hasnt worked for years. (2006浙江) A. didnt work B. wasnt working C. doesnt work D. isnt working23. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. (2006浙江) A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has servedKeys: 1-5 BDDDB 6-10 DBAAA 11-15 CDBCB 16-20 ACACD 21-23 CCD热点四：动词语态语态是动词的一种形式，它用来表示句中主语同谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态， 主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。考题盘点1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （2004广东）A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged据题意应用被动语态，故选D。2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海）A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded答案C形式不对，应用被动语态，故选D。备考策略全国卷近三年单纯考查语态的题目没有，结合时态对考生进行考查是考试热点；据题干所反映关系，即主动还是被动，从而恰当选用语态。高考链接1. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. (2004北京)A. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed2. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. （2004江苏）A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated3. The water _ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (2006全国I) A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels4. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days. (2006全国II) A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping5. -Your job _ open for your return. (2006北京) -Thanks. A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept6. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. (2006重庆) A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired7. Customers are asked to make sure that they _ the right change before leaving the shop. (2006重庆) A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given8. When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike _ to become a world champion by his coach and parents. (2006上海) A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected9. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. (2006江苏) A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned10. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ open, the whole world cheered. (2006福建) A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared11. In a room above the store, where a party_, some workers were busily setting the table. (2006湖南) A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held12. It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. (2006辽宁) A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed13. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (2006山东) A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered14. The construction of the two railway lines _ by now. (2006陕西) A. has completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completedKeys: 1-5 CDCCA 6-10 CBCBD 11-14 ADAD热点五：动词语气热点透视 祈使句结构（结构中连词、陈述句的时态和直接以动词开头构成的祈使句与非谓语动词的区别是热点。）难点剖析 祈使句(动词或动词短语)+and/or +谓语，用将来时或情态动词的陈述句；否定结构的构成：直接在祈使句前加Dont/Never；反意疑问句的构成：以lets构成的反意疑问句，用shall we提问；其余情况用will wont you 提问。考题盘点1. Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to (2003全国)Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr. Parker, and _ forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont此题考查祈使句否定结构的构成，同时涉及时态。句末感叹号很重要，据题意选D。2. Lets keep to the point or we _any decisions. （2004全国）A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached据难点剖析得知，陈述句用将来时，故选A。备考策略 近三年没有出现有关虚拟语气的题目，以前出现if条件句中虚拟语气的基本用法；牢固掌握上述难点剖析中的第一条。高考链接1. English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it? （2004上海）Yes. _ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known2. _straight on and youll see a church. You wont miss it. （2004湖北）A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going3. If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invite her to the party. (2006福建) A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not4. Eliza remember
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