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辽宁朝阳市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省齐鲁名校高三年级联合测试】When I was growing up in the suburbs of New York，our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a town field where families were urged to dump items from their basements for recycling rather than tossing them in the trash.It was an eyeopening concept for a kid in 1970.But as an environmental reporter，I have come to dread (非常害怕) the large amount of deals and promotions that arrive via email or in my office or home mailbox on Earth Day.Like Valentines Day，Earth Day has become a huge marketing opportunitya paradoxical (矛盾的) way to promote consumption and sell stuff.In fact，Earth Day is such a good sales hook that some shops，like Target，have expanded Earth Day into Earth Month.There isnt time to give you a full rundown of the Earth Day shopping opportunities I was alerted to this past week.They included deals on buying bottled water and earthfriendly diaper wipes.My award for the silliest promotion：a plan to gift 25 of the most environmentally conscious stars unique，useful and fabulous “green” products and services，including skin care products，cat litter，cheesecake and artwork.My guess is most of the stuff will end up in celebrities garbage.Is buying and selling a good way to celebrate and protect the environment？I would argue that Earth Day might be an occasion to consider giving up purchases or habits that are environmentally questionable or that we could happily do without.How about not buying bottled water，but refilling a water bottle？How about not buying foodseven “organic” foodsthat are packed in nonrecyclable plastic?Dont get me wrong.Bridgestone is celebrating Earth Day by promising to repurpose a spent tire for every tire that it sells.Verizon will plant a tree for each cellphone you trade in.Some coffee stores will even refill reusable mugs at no charge.Target is giving out free reusable carrier bags without requiring a purchase.But few retailers are taking the next stepcharging a fee at the cash register for disposable plastic bags，a common practice in Europeto motivate customers to use those new reusable carriers.Earth Day is transient (短暂的)If you only showed love on Valentines Day，would that really mean anything at all?1The authors first local Earth Day was celebrated by_.Adriving to a town field for funBdumping unused items for recyclingClooking for good ideas for reuseDclearing items from their basement2Why do some shops expand Earth Day into Earth Month?ABecause too many activities are organized for the day.BBecause they intend to make more sales strategies.CBecause they want to have more selling opportunities.DBecause they have to deal with too much waste.3Whats the authors attitude towards the deals and promotions on Earth Day?AObjective.BOptimistic.CSupportive.DCritical.4According to the author，its environmentally friendly to_.Abuy packed organic foodsBoffer stars green productsCrefill water bottlesDask for disposable plastic bags5It could be inferred from the text that Bridgestone and Verizon_.Aare likely to misunderstand the authorBhave a good way to celebrate Earth DayCare devoted to making money on Earth DayDmake wrong promotion plans on Earth Day语篇解读本文作者对一些商家在世界地球日的做法发表了自己的观点。1解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a town field where families were urged to dump items from their basements for recycling”可知答案。答案：B2解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，一些商家将世界地球日扩展为世界地球月是为了销售更多的商品。答案：C3解析：考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“I have come to dread the large amount of deals and promotions”以及第五段中的“My award for the silliest promotion”可知，作者对商家的促销活动持批评态度。答案：D4解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的“How about not buying bottled water，but refilling a water bottle？”可知，C项正确，其他项均与文章不符。答案：C5解析：考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段的描述可知，作者认同这两个商家庆祝世界地球日的方法。答案：B。【2016届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。AI grew up in a family that ate dinner together every evening. Although my parents enjoyed wine, they rarely drank during the week and always in moderation (节制). As for myself, I wasnt interested in alcoholic drinks and neither were my high school friends.So when I arrived on campus for my first year of university life, I was a bit shocked. Many different events had been organized for the freshmen, but they all had one thing in common alcohol, and plenty of it. Not wanting to be left out, I joined a few of the events. But I always returned home early, feeling disappointed. Your personality, interests and experiences didnt matter at all, only how many alcoholic drinks you could absorb before passing out (喝醉). It seemed shallow to me. I wanted to get to know my new coursemates, not how fast they could down a pint of beer.Gradually, however, I realized that real friends dont judge you by how much you can drink and there were other ways of making friends. I joined a photography society, took a first aid course, and every weekend I went cycling with a coursemate. I found that by engaging in these activities and sharing the fun of learning new skills together in a group, I formed much stronger bonds with my new friends than even the strongest alcoholic drinks could encourage.Another valuable lesson I learned is that its perfectly okay to say “No” if you dont want to drink. However, in many Western societies, especially the UK, binge drinking (狂喝) has become the norm. Many people who drink dont necessarily want to, but they give in to the peer pressure (同伴压力) theyre afraid to say “No”. 1. What shocked the author when he entered university?A. The strange campus.B. The popularity of alcohol.C. The drunken coursemates.D. The limited activities.2. Why did the author return home early from the events at first?A. He wasnt good at drinking.B. He had no familiar coursemates.C. He hated the way people got along.D. He was left out by the organizers.3. How did the author finally make real friends at university?A. By saying “No” to alcoholic drinks.B. By staying away from group activities.C. By giving in to the peer pressure. D. By joining people with common interests.参考答案BCD Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews. Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborgs views are similar to those of some industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming. So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”. A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. Thats a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.1. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics” ? A. People who agree on the popularity of“eco-guilt”.B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.2. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborgs book? A. Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.B. The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.C. The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.D. Industry-funded media present confusing information.3. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to.A. voice a different opinionB. find fault with Lomborgs bookC. challenge the authority of the mediaD. point out the value of scientific views4. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage? A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.B. To warn the public of the danger of half-blindness with reviews.C. To blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information. D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.【参考答案】70.1-4 BAAD In business, theres a speed difference:Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive(竞争的) strategy(策略) and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed. In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. Whats more, the firms that“slowed down to speed up” improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period. How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what“slower” and“faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed(moving quickly)and strategic speed(reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services. In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast(相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes. Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top. 1. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Increase the speed.B. Get an advantage.C. Reach the limit.D. Set a goal.2. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means.A. spending more time and performing worseB. spending more time and performing betterC. spending less time and performing worseD. spending less time and performing better3. What can we learn from the text? A. How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.B. How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.4. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Improve quality? Serve better. B. Deliver value? Plough ahead. C. Reduce time? Move faster. D. Need speed? Slow down.【参考答案】71.1-4 BDCD
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