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山西长治县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮演练（三）【2016高考训练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。（主旨大意）(说明文)There is nothing in the US quite like Black Friday. Before midnight on Thursday, in malls across the US, people start queuing up outside the locked entrances of stores, making longer and longer lines, holding coupons (优惠券), sipping coffee and hot chocolate, rubbing their hands and stamping (跺脚) their feet for warmth, excitedly chatting, and waiting for the clerks to open the door when the time arrives. Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving, which fell on Nov 28，2014, “has become in recent decades a special American holiday”, said the International Business Times. Indeed, up to 147 million Black Friday shoppers were expected to put up with the dark of night and the elbows(手肘)of other shoppers so that they could bring home some bargains, according to the US National Retail Federation. But why does the shopping festival have such a name? The name was first used in Philadelphia in the 1970s. The streets and sidewalks of the city became so packed with traffic and crowds on the day after Thanksgiving Day that the local police did not look forward to it. Because of this, they called the day “Black Friday”, said The Huffington Post. However, others believe that Black Friday takes its name from the fact that because of the increase in sales on the day, shops are able for the first time in the year to move out of the “red” that is, debt and into the “black”, or profit. Businesses, of course, try to take advantage of this day. A decade ago, retailers (零售商) opened at 5 or 6 am. Now, many of the big stores open at midnight. People really seem to like the whole experience of queuing up before midnight, “for it isnt just about the bargains”, noted CNN. “For many shoppers, its just fun to be part of a large crowd. Those who go to the malls at midnight are driven by the same thing that makes a million people get together in Times Square each New Years Eve.”1. Which of the following statements about Black Friday is TRUE?（细节） A. It is a special day in the US on which government hands out coupons to customers. B. It is a shopping festival in the US that falls on the second Friday after Thanksgiving. C. It has been a traditional American holiday since the founding of the nation. D. It is an opportunity for Americans to get things they want at a much lower price.2. According to The Huffington Post, the name of “Black Friday” may be first used _.（细节） A. at the beginning of the 20th century in the US B. by American people who expected to bring home bargains after Thanksgiving Day C. by the police to show their displeasure toward heavy traffic caused by shopping crowds D. to describe the bad weather on the day3. According to the article, people who queue up for Black Friday _.（细节） A. usually help each other to find good bargainsB. have great fun as part of the waiting crowd C. have a lot of complaints about the service of the retail clerksD. have to wait until 5 to 6 am to start shopping4. What is the article mainly about?（主旨） A. The shopping habits of Americans.B. An introduction to the origin and influences of Black Friday. C. Tips on how to get good bargains on Black Friday. D. Peoples mixed feelings toward Black Friday.参考答案14、DCBB写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2011全国,E)改编“I didnt hear them call my name,”explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004.“Are you ready?”is what she heard.Then she said,“I shook my head no,and then they said yes and it was announced again.”It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan,Louisianashe was still on cloud nine.“I was so shocked!I never believed that it could actually really happen.”Present in the audience (观众) that day were:her mother and father,older brother,her friends,and her dance teacher.Understanding why members of her family and her friends would be there,AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete (比赛).“Shes always been my role model.Ive danced with her since I was six.Shes been through so many difficulties and came through them all.Ive learned to get over bad lifes experiences and learned how to move on because of her.”One of those bad lifes experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident.He was 18.She found writing helped her get through the rough days.She said,“I write a lot about my brother.I write a lot,a lot,a lot.”As Miss Louisiana Teen,she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving.In her role as Miss Teen USA,Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving,in addition to many other things to help the youth.When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers,she said,“Dont let anyone change you.Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself.That way,it is easy to be yourself.”1.What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?() A.frightenedB.troubledC.very happyD.very angry2.Shelley takes her dance teacher as a role model mainly because she is .A.determinedB.friendlyC.strictD.experienced3.How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?()A.1B.2C.3D.44.What did Shelley often do after she became Miss Louisiana Teen?()A.She visited drunken drivers.B.She gave dance performances.C.She made speeches on safe driving.D.She helped other teens with their studies.5.What suggestion does Shelley give to the teens?()A.Be yourself with the support of friends.B.Meet friends whenever possible.C.Go easy on yourself and others.D.Have a good role model.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。本文主人公Shelley Hennig讲述了她赢得2004年美国青少年组选美大赛的故事和成功背后的辛酸以及她成了路易斯安那州小姐之后所做的工作宣讲酒后驾车的危害。答案及剖析:1.C猜测词义题。由第一段第一句和第三段可知,这里是Shelley获得2004年美国青少年组选美大赛后的第四天,她的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化,我们可以想象出她仍然很高兴的样子。故选C。2.A推理判断题。由文章第四段信息句Shes always been my role model.和Ive learned to get over bad lifes experiences and learned how to move on because of her.可知,她从她的舞蹈老师那里学会了如何克服困难并继续前进,从而表明Shelley的舞蹈老师的坚强的意志是她学习的榜样。故选A。3.C事实细节题。由第三段和第五段信息句. when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident可推测:Hennig一家总共有三个孩子Shelley,her older brother和她在一次醉酒驾驶车祸中去世的哥哥。故选C。4.C事实细节题。由文章倒数第二段As Miss Louisiana Teen,she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving.可知正确答案为C项。5.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Shelley所说的话可知选A。【长难句子分析】 ,在她当选青少年组美国小姐之后,除了做些其他事帮助青少年外,Shelley将继续向青年朋友们做安全驾驶的演讲和宣传。本句中in addition to many other things to help the youth作状语。in addition to除了外(还有)。阅读。The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been addeda communications blackout caused by solar storms.After a period of calm within the Sun,scientists have detected the signs of a fresh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012,just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth,causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and internet links sending live Olympic broadcast from London.“The Suns activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites,“ said Professor Richard Harrison,head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire.At the peak of the cycle,violent outbursts calledcoronal mass ejections(日冕物质抛射) occur in the Suns atmosphere,throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter. “A coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometres per hour. Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount,can disable satellites,cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications,” Professor Harrison added. The risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.Next week in America,NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the Solar Dynamics Observatory(SDO),which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available.The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of thesolar flares(太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur.Professor Richard Holdaway,the labs director,said that the SDO should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth. “If we have advance warning,well be able to reduce the damage. What you dont want is things switching off for a week with no idea of whats caused the problem,” he said.1. The phrase “communications blackout” in Paragraph 1 most probably refers toduring the 2012 Olympics.A. the extinguishing of the Olympic torchB. the collapse of broadcasting systemsC. the transportation breakdown in LondonD. the destruction of weather satellites2. What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?A. The most fatal matter from the corona falls onto Earth.B. The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.C. It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.D. The number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.3. According to the passage,NASA will launch a satellite to.A. take images of the solar systemB. provide early warning of thunderstormsC. keep track of solar activitiesD. improve the communications on Earth4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Solar Storms:An Invisible KillerB. Solar Storms:Earth Environment in DangerC. Solar Storms:Threatening the Human RaceD. Solar Storms:Human Activities to Be Troubled【参考答案】1-4 BDCD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界长宁区质量抽测】 The candidate longing for election to the highest office in the United States must be native-born American citizen who is at least 35 years old and who has lived in the United States for at least 14 years. The election course is complicated, and the road to the Oval Office is long.Potential candidates must present papers stating their intention to seek their partys recommendation; delegates then choose from among those running some months later at the national conferences. Before that, however, each state holds a primary election that determines how the states voters want the partys delegates to vote. Methods of choosing the delegates vary from state to state. At the conferences, there are speeches and often heated discussions. It may take several rounds of voting before delegates can agree on a candidate. On the final day of the meeting, the presidential candidate announces his or her choice for vice president. Election Day, by law, is the Tuesday that follows the first Monday in November. On this day, registered voters may cast their votes for president, vice president, and candidates for other federal (联邦), state, and local offices. The popular vote, however, does not determine who will be president. The president is chosen by a vote of the Electoral College, a group of 538 citizens from the 50 states and the District of Columbia who are chosen to cast votes for the president and vice president. The rules for choosing electors, as with the delegates, vary. Each state also decides whether its electoral votes must reflect the popular vote. The number of electors in each state is determined by the number of representatives and senators (议员) that a state sends to Congress and, therefore, may change every 10 years, depending on the results of the United States census (人口普查). The winner must get at least 270 of the electoral votes when the Electoral College meets in December of the election year. The election results are not official, however, until the following January, when Congress meets in a joint conference to count the electoral votes.At the end of the road to the Oval Office is the swearing-in ceremony, at which the new or reelected president takes the oath (誓言) of office on January 20. 72. Which of the following is not a requirement for candidates for the presidency of the USA?A. Minimum age of thirty-five years old.B. Previous experience in an elective office.C. Native of the United States of America.D. Bottom residency of fourteen years in the States.73. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Election results are not authorized until the first month of the coming year.B. Ways to select the delegates of each state are very much the same in the USA.C. The successful presidential candidate wins a maximum number of electoral votes.D. A partys potential candidate is chosen months before its national conference is held.74. We can conclude from the passage that _. A. the candidate who wins the popular vote will be the winner of the electionB. the electors dont have the right to vote against their registered voters willC. the presidents of the United States are theoretically picked by the citizens directlyD. the change of a states population barely has effect on the presidential election75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The Various Ways of Presidential Election in the USAB. The Qualifications for Being the President of the USAC. The Rules for Choosing Presidential Candidates in the USA D. The Process of the Election for the President of the USA【参考答案】7275、BACD
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