高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解新编111

湖北浠水县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解新编【健康环保类阅读理解】（2015模拟题）Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(渗透) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.Thus，a rain garden keeps the water，allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple，attractive，and ecofriendly “green” way to treat storm water.Whats more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system，they will require little care.Often，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However，you dont need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as youre ecoconscious homeowners，you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.1.Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens?A.They are good for living conditions.B.They increase pollution.C.They can beautify the community.D.They improve the environment.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.”可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。故选B。2.Which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?A.They can help reduce the pollution problem.B.They can keep the rain and storm water.C.They can be healthy for the people around.D.They can make the environment more beautiful.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“Whats more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。故A正确。3.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that .A.they cost less and are much easier to getB.they may attract local wildlife to comeC.they require little care from the local gardenerD.they are more used to the local growing conditions答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话“Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。4.What do we know about rain gardens?A.They need little water after all the plants are planted.B.They may attract local birds and change the local climate.C.They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.D.They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.答案C解析细节理解题。由第五段第三句话“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(The Young Generation) Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated. They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed. The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They dont like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldnt people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that human difference can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Havent the old lost touch with all that is important in life? These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasnt been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The oldif they are prepared to admit itcould learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is only to be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?A. Better educated. . More money and freedom.C. Independence. D. Hard work.2. What so the young reject most?A. Values. . The assumption of the elders.C. Conformity. C. Conventional ideas.3. Why do the young stress on the present?A. They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb. They dislike the past. C. They think the present world is the best.D. They are afraid of destruction.4. What can the old learn from the young generation?A. Enjoyment is not sinful. . People should have more leisure time.C. Men might enjoy life. D. One should enjoy ones work.Vocabulary1. reminder 使共回想起某事的东西，提示者2. complacency 自鸣得意，自满情结3. take leave 擅自，任意，随意 I took leave to consider this matter settled. 请原谅我认为这事已经解决了。4. conformity 与一致，遵从5. guilt 有罪，内疚6. ridden （ride 的过去分词）受支配的，受压迫7. guilt-ridden 负罪感8. amass 积累，积聚9. a rat-race 激烈的竞争10. shrug off 对耸肩表示不屑一理，轻视，摆脱11. spotless 无污点的，纯洁的12. shed 摆脱，抛弃13. annihilate 歼灭14. bequeath 赠送，把传给后代15. sanity 头脑清醒健全难句译注1. convict haircut. Convict 义：罪犯。罪犯和短发两字合在一起为“囚犯理的发式”。但在这里其含义根据上下文决定。前面讲到“谁说世界上所有的男人都应穿浅灰色的西装”，后面只能译成“剪成像罪犯似的短发呢”。本义有haircut义：修理整齐的短发。整齐划一表示绅士派的工作人中作风正派，认真负责，一丝不苟的精神。作者用了convict罪犯一字表示讽刺：“罪犯也是整齐划一的短发跟绅士们的要求一样，难道他们也是作风正派，认真负责，一丝不苟吗？”写作方法与文章大意这是一篇论及“代沟”的文章。主要采用对比手法，一开始就提出了一个老问题：“老人们经常说年轻人不是从前那样了。这一评语代代相传，永远是对的，而今天比以前任何时候更正确。”下面几段就论述他们之不同点以及对比老少两代人的态度。答案祥解1. D. 艰苦工作。这在第一段中第四句“青年一代受了更好教育，有大量的钱话，有更多的自由。他们成长的很快，不那么依赖于父母，他们独立思考得更多，不盲目接受老一代的理想。”A. 受更好的教育。 B. 更多的钱和自由。 C. 独立性。这三项均提及到。2. C. 顺从。第二段集中讲到这一点。“因为老人们经常认为自己懂得多，理由就是他们经历得多。他们不喜欢自己的价值观受到怀疑或威胁。而这正是青年在做的。他们对老人们的设想提出疑问，打乱他们的自鸣得意。他们甚至敢于怀疑老一代创造了世界上可能最佳的社会。他们最反对的莫过于顺从。例如：他们说办公时间就是强制奴役，如果人们完全自由，绝对负责，他们的工作不会更好吗？而穿衣呢？谁说世界上所有的男人都该穿单调的灰色西装和剪成像罪犯似的短发？。”这些词语都表示他们最反对的东西是遵从，“一致性”。所以A. 价值。 B. 长者的设想。 D. 传统习俗观念。都是具体的某一点。3. A. 他们在炸弹的阴影下成长。第三段倒数第四句起“由于年轻人是在炸弹战争的阴影下成长壮大：在不断受到全面歼灭的威胁之下，所以也只能期望他们重视目前。这是他们的光荣遗产。他们经常询问赠给他们遗产的这代人的头脑是否清醒。对此我们能表示惊讶吗？”遗产指的是第二段的种种问题所体现出来的东西，如：“谁说人类之差异能通过常规政策或暴力手段予以很好的解决？为什么老一代人常用暴力来解决他们的问题？为什么他们（老一代）个人生活那么不愉快。老有负罪感？为什么老纠缠于要积聚越来越多的物质财富？。”B. 他们不喜欢过去。 C. 他们认为现世界是最好的。 D. 他们害怕破坏。4. A. 享受不是犯罪。这在第三段中间“老年人如果他们准备承认的话可以从他们的孩子们那里学到一两件事。他们能学的最大的课堂之一是享受不是犯罪。”“享受”是人可适用于生活各个方面的原则。从工作中获得乐处，享受闲暇时间，肯定不是错误。抛弃约束限制，生活在现在而不是生活在过去肯定也不是错。B. 人们应有更多的闲暇。 C. 人可以享受生活。 D. 一个人应当享受工作。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-BThe Terrafugia, a small airplane that can drive on roads and has been billed as the first “ flying car,”is now one step closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal. The vehicle has cleared a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)(联邦航空管理委员会）regulation for craft classification (分类）by weight. A well-designed production model might be just around the corner, according to multiple reports.At issue was Mass-based company Terrafugia wanting its Transition vehicle to be classified as a “Light Sport Aircraft by the FAA so people eager to fly it would need only 20 hours of flying time. Yet the two-seater vehicle came in 110 pounds (50 kilograms) overweight in providing roadworthy-assuring safety items. The FAA said that so long as customers are advised about this extra weight, the car-plane mixture can be sold. The Terrafugia completed its maiden voyage last March in upstate New York. According to its maker, the Terrafugia can transform from a readable vehicle that can hit a highway speed of 65 miles per hour to a winged aircraft in 30 seconds. The plane version can cruise at about 115 miles per hour ( 185 kilometers per hour) and cover about 400 miles ( 644 kilometers) worth of the area before needing a refill of regular unleaded gas. The price of a Terrafugia is expected to be around $200,000 and deliveries could start next year, assuming the vehicle passes crash tests. The company has envisioned its vehicle as finding a home with amateur pilots who live near air fields, but as any Jetsons fan knows, flying cars might well be the wave of the future.1. The underlined part in the Para. 1 “has been billed means_.A. has been soldB. has been advertisedC. has been orderedD. has been designed答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题。由第一段 “The Terrafugia, a small airplane that can drive on roads and has been billed as the first “ flying car,”is now one step closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal.A well-designed production model might be just around the corner, according to multiple reports.”可知，根据报道名字叫Terrafugia的小型飞机模型或许马上就会问世，因此“has been billed”意思应该是“has been advertised”意为“已经得到了宣传”，故答案为B。2. The author tells us in the passage that _.A. this vehicle can carry only two passengersB. the driver should weigh less than 110 poundsC. anyone can drive this flying car if they wantD. the car flies faster than a modern plane答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第二段 “Yet the two-seater vehicle came in 110 pounds (50 kilograms) overweight in providing roadworthy-assuring safety items. The FAA said that so long as customers are advised about this extra weight, the car-plane mixture can be sold.”可知，这个交通工具有两个座位，只能超载110磅，FAA说顾客只有知道了这个额外重量，汽车飞机才能卖给他们，故A选项正确，B、C选项错误。第三、四段分别介绍了这个飞机汽车在公路上的时速和空中飞行速度，没有与现代飞机进行比较，故D选项错误。3. It is mentioned in the passage that flying cars might be_.A. popularB. lightC. convenientD. safe enough答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段最后一句话 “.flying cars might well be the wave of the future.” 可知，飞机汽车或许是未来的一种趋势，故答案为A。4. Which is the best possible title of the passage?A. Coolest Vehicles You 11 Never Get to RideB. Flying Car Could Transform Traffic JamC. Flying Car One Step Closer to RealityD. Transportation in Future Time答案解析：答案为C。 结合第一题的分析和第一段的首句 “The Terrafugia, a small airplane that can drive on roads and has been billed as the first “ flying car,”is now one step closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal.”可知，飞机汽车还差一步就能在陆地和天空通行，故答案为C。