高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选编（二）21

湖北浠水县2017高考英语阅读理解九月选编（二）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2014鹰潭市高三第二次模拟考试)There are many older people in the world and there will be many more.A limeknown fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries.According to the World Health Organization，by 2020 there will be 1 billion，with over 700 million living in developing countries.It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries.For example，it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent.It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk？One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live，the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible，including during old age，to lessen the financial burden on the state.Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.In some African countries，certainly in Asia，older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge.Yet traditions are fading away daily，which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people.As society changes，attitudes will change.Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment.Lifelong learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a countrys development.Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people.Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort.One thing is sure：there is no time to be lost.1The proportion of older people_.Ais bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesBis oneseventh of the population in developing countriesCwill increase much faster in China than in FranceDwill be sixty percent in developing countries by 20202. According to the passage，which of the following are governments most worried about?AThe diseases and disability of older people.BThe longer life and good health of people.CThe loss of taxes on older people.DThe increasing respect for older people.3It is stated directly in the passage that older people should_.Abe treated differently in different culturesBenjoy a similar lifestyleCbe ignored as society changesDbe valued by the younger generations4Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?AGetting rid of age discrimination in employment.BEnsuring adequate income protection for older people.CProviding free health care for sick older people.DSupplying lifelong learning programs to older people.5The author concludes in the last paragraph that_.Agovernments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problemBpopulation ageing is a hard problem，but it needs to be solved urgentlyCpeople are too busy to solve the population ageing problemDmuch time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。老年人口的比例在发展中国家猛增，这无疑会带来很多问题，尽管这一问题很棘手，但解决这一问题势在必行、刻不容缓。1解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，在法国，115年里老年人口的比例从7%增长到了14%，而在中国仅仅用于23年的时间就达到了这个增长幅度。因此可推知，将来中国老龄人口比例的增长速度要比法国快得多。答案：C2解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live，the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.”可知，政府担心，人们活的寿命越长，人们的健康压力会越大。答案：A3解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations.society.”可知，年轻人应该理解和尊重老年人，D项为文章中直接陈述的观点。答案：D4解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，A项表述正确；根据倒数第二段第一句可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第三段第二句可知，D项表述正确。答案：C5解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中“there is no time to be lost”可知，作者认为，尽管人口老龄化这一问题很棘手，但解决它已经是刻不容缓了。答案：B黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习新闻报道类“Holding girls back from an education is robbing them of their dignity (尊严),” says Mariam, a teacher, in an interview with Action Press. “I feel proud when I tell people that Im from Swat in Pakistan, with its green and mountainous valley. But I dont feel proud about the number of women and girls where Im from who are still being unable to enjoy the right for an education. “I have taught many students including Malaya, the young education activist who was shot in the head as travelling to school in Pakistan after campaigning for girls education. Among them I see the dignity that education can offer. This is why I have long been devoted to teaching, and why I am doing what I can to make sure that all girls have the chance to go to school. “At the Khushaal school and college in Mingora, many girls are prevented from going to school because of poverty and fights. However, the most common reasons for girls not attending classes are cultural. People fear that females will become too independent if educated. Instead, parents prefer to marry off girls early. Girls and young women are considered a financial burden if left dependent on their parents.” “In the school where I have been teaching for over ten years, I have seen how this discrimination plays out. Parents regard an educated and independent female as being too clever for her own. Even if parents agree to give a girl an education, a limit is set to the number of years for her to attend classes and it is common for girls to make it through only primary school. This is why I have been working tirelessly to change these damaging views and cultural practices. These are crimes against humanity (人道),which I have no choice but to strongly accuse of.” “Malala was right to fight for her education.” says Mariam, who will be in New York with UNESCO (联合国教科文组织), delivering a speech calling for world leaders to make sure every child gets a chance to go to school.【小题1】What does Mariam take pride in? AHer dignity from education.BHer lifelong devotion to teaching.CHer hometown with fantastic scenery.DHer experience as a speech maker.【小题2】What is the major reason to prevent girls from going to school? AThe constant fights across the country.BThe lack of financial support for schooling.CThe limited time allowed to attend classes.DThe traditional views on females social role.【小题3】What will Mariam appeal for in her speech? AAccusing of the shooting of the schoolgirl.BSex balance among children of school age.CEqual access for boys and girls to education.DIndependence of girls with a good education.【小题4】Which of the following is true about Mariam？ AMalala event motivated her to work years for children.BShe spoke in favour of Malalas action in the interview.CA press invited her to attend a conference in New York.DShe started a campaign with Malala for females freedom.社会生活型阅读理解(二)-(一)An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.All sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.There are other phrases meaning the same thing as “applepolishing”“softsoaping” or “butteringup”. A gift is just one way to “softsoap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praisetelling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.1Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？AA boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.BAn employee tells her boss how good he is at management.CA knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.DA teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.2What does the writer want to prove with Cromwells example?AEverybody can be an apple polisher.BCromwell was not a good apple polisher.CGeorge Fox and his party were not apple polishers.DThere are people who dont like being applepolished.3Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?AToo much flattery can carry us away.BFlattery is too empty to do people any good.CFlattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.DFlattery is one of the ways to applepolished people.4Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?ABecause he was sick of his normal life.BBecause he disliked being overpraised any more.CBecause he wanted them to realize how wise he was.DBecause he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.5Who does the author think that flattery can do good to?AThose who are politicians or in high offices.BThose who lack confidence.CThose who are really excellent.DThose who think highly of themselves.(一)【要点综述】 本文论述了现代社会存在的一个普遍现象，人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，当然有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。1D推理判断题。根据“An apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”可知，一个老师表扬学生并不是想得到什么好处。故选D项。2A细节理解题。根据“All sorts of people are apple polishers，including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody.Oliver Cromwell，the great English leader，offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party，but failed.”可知，高层的领导者也有拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。故选A项。3D细节理解题。根据“An apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”和“A gift is just one way to softsoap somebody，or to butter him upAnother that is just as effective is flattery”可知选D项。4B细节理解题。根据“The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣)”可知国王厌烦了朝臣们的阿谀奉承，故选B项。5B细节理解题。根据“In truth，flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves.It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.”可知，对于缺乏自信的人来说，奉承是有好处的。故选B项。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习新闻报道类Chinese media and Internet users on Monday condemned（谴责） lack of morals in society after a toddler（学步的幼儿） was struck twice by two different vans-and left bleeding on the road as more than a dozen bystanders did nothing to help the seriously injured girl The incident, captured by a surveillance camera and broadcast by Southern Television Guangdong （TVS），showed the two-year-old girl was knocked down and run over by a white van on a narrow market street on the afternoon of Oct.13, in Foshan City of Guangdong Province The driver fled the scene of the accident，leaving the girl to bleed on the sidewalkOver the next six minutes，more than a dozen people walked by the girl，yet not one individual did anything to help herThe girl was then hit a second time by another van before an elderly trash collector came to her aid and brought the attention of the girls mother, according to the video and eyewitnesses Doctors said that the girl, who was put on life support after being hospitalized，remains in a deep comaThe girls parents，who are migrants living in the city，are now with her Police said the drivers of both vehicles have been arrestedHowever，the apathy of the bystanders shown in the video has shocked the public，as Internet forums have seethed with anger， and people are questioning the morality of society High moral standards were once triumphed as national pride in China where individuals known for selflessly helping others were adored by the public But in recent years，the perception（观念）of a decline of morals has become a hot topic as profit and materialism are perceived to be affecting societys values On Sept.2 an 88-year-old man in central China collapsed，his face striking the pavementYet，no one came to his aid, and he ended up choking to death on the blood from his nose Some have linked the absence of good Samaritans （模范人物）to a previous case in which a man trying to help an elderly woman who fell was accused of harming her A strong chorus of opinion on the Internet says laws should exempt（免除）Samaritans from liability（责任）, yet laws themselves cannot solve societys morality dilemma Cao Lin, a China Youth Daily commentator，said in a signed article published on Monday that the worry of liability should not be an excuse for not helping, and this case exposes the decline of humanity in Chinese society 【小题1】According to the passage，what would happen if someone helped others selflessly in the past? AHe/ she would be condemned by the publicBHe/ she would be awarded by the governmentCHe/ she would have to worry about liabilityDThe public would feel proud of him/ her and thus showed love and respect for him/ her【小题2】Which of the following is TRUE about this passage? ANobody helped the girl who was struck twice by two different vansBThe toddler died immediately after she was hit a second timeCHigh moral standards were once regarded as national pride in ChinaDJournalists from TVS captured the incident by using a camera【小题3】In recent years，societys values is believed to be affected by Aprofit and materialismBpeoples perceptions Cthe apathy of bystandersDthe morals of society【小题4】According to Cao Lin，what is the fundamental reason for not helping the girl? AThe worry of liabilityBLack of laws that exempt Samaritans from liabilityCThe decline of humanity in societyDThe fear of being accused of harming her【小题5】Where is the article most probably taken from? AA fashion magazineBA news reportCA science fictionDAn education column