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单元综合测评(四).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2015福建高考)Papa, as a son of a dirtpoor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then.So, the world became his school.With great interest，he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.“Theres so much to learn，”hed say.“Though were born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied(拒绝)an education.Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment，always to the point.Then came the momentthe time to share the days new learning.Papa，at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen.“Felice，” hed say，“tell me what you learned today.”“I learned that the population of Nepal is.”Silence.Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation(拯救) of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well.”hed say. “Get the map；lets see where Nepal is.”And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders.Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one anothers education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input，affirming(肯定) our value，giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting(传授) what Papa had known all alongthe value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了家境贫寒的父亲人穷志不穷，一生都在努力学习的故事，以及父亲对自己的子女在教育方面的影响，这让作者受用一生。1What do we know from the first paragraph?AThe authors father was born in a workers family.BThose born stupid could not change their life.CThe town elders wanted to learn about the world.DThe poor could hardly afford school education.【解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到文章第一段。由as a son of a dirtpoor farmer可知A项错误；由Though were born stupid，only the stupid remain that way.可知B项中的could not change their life错误；由.listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.可知C项中的the town elders错误；由.for education was for the rich then.可知，穷人家几乎负担不起孩子的教育费用，故D项正确。【答案】D2The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “ ”Aone new thingBa requestCthe newsDsome comment【解析】词义猜测题。由第二段中的We would talk about the news of the day；no matter how insignificant.(我们会谈论这一天的新闻，无论多么微不足道)可知，it指代前面的the news，故答案为C项。【答案】C3It can be learned from the passage that the author Aenjoyed talking about newsBknew very well about NepalCfelt regret about those wasted daysDappreciated his fathers educational technique【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的His technique has served me well all my life.可知D项正确。【答案】D4What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?AContinual learning.BShowing talents.CFamily gettogether.DWinning Papas approval.【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的.the value of continual learning.可知，对作者来说，儿时长期坚持的晚餐时间的交流实际上是一种持续不断的学习，而这正是“dinner time”的价值所在。故答案为A项。【答案】AB(2015浙江高考)From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.When children are little we make them read aloud，before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they“know”all the words they are reading.This means that when they dont know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone.After having taught fifthgrade classes for four years，I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books，and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started，I said to them.“Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before.I would like you to read a lot of books this year，but I want you to read them only for pleasure.I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not.If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it，thats enough for me.Also Im not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking？One girl，who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then，still looking at me，she said slowly and seriously，“Mr.Holt，do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously，“I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me.One day，she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself，“It cant be，”and went to take a closer look.Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in the edition with woodcuts.I said，“Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going？”She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom isan exciting，joyous adventure.Find something，dive into it，take the good parts，skip the bad parts，get what you can out of it，go on to something else.How different is our meanspirited，picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of“understanding”that can be dug out of a book.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们让年幼的孩子在老师和其他孩子面前朗读，以确定他们认识阅读中的所有单词。但是，这样做会导致孩子们害怕阅读。作者教了五年级的学生4年之后，决定改变这种现状，让学生通过快乐阅读培养一种良好的阅读习惯。5According to the passage，childrens fear and dislike of books may result from Areading little and thinking littleBreading often and adventurouslyCbeing made to read too muchDbeing made to read aloud before others【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的When children are little we make them read aloud，before the teacher and other children.This means that when they dont know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone.可知，我们让年幼的孩子在老师和其他孩子面前朗读，朗读的过程中犯错误使得孩子们害怕读书，故选D项。A项和C项在文中未提及；B项是作者通过尝试想达到的目标。【答案】D6The teacher told his students to read Afor enjoymentBfor knowledgeCfor a larger vocabularyDfor higher scores in exams【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的I would like you to read a lot of books this year，but I want you to read them only for pleasure.可知，作者希望他的学生今年多读书，想让他们读书仅仅是为了消遣，由此可知应选择A项。B、C、D三项在文中未提及，也不是作者让他的学生读书的目的。【答案】A7Upon hearing the teachers talk，the children probably felt that Ait sounded stupidBit was not surprising at allCit sounded too good to be trueDit was no different from other teachers talk【解析】推理判断题。第三段中的The children sat stunned and silent.(孩子们坐在那里，惊愕得哑然无声。)是孩子们听到作者关于读书的想法后的反应，故选C项，作者对读书的想法太好了，以至于学生们难以置信。第三段描写的那个女孩的举动进一步印证了这种观点。女孩是转学来的，感觉作者的想法不可思议，提出了自己的疑问，然后作者给出了肯定回答。【答案】C8Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?AShe skipped over those easy parts while reading.BShe had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.CShe learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.DShe turned out to be a top student after coming to this school【解析】推理判断题。由第四段中的I said，“Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going？”She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”可知，虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分，选择容易理解的部分来阅读，故C项正确。A项错在skipped over those easy parts，实际为跳过难懂的部分；B项错在had a hard time，实际是在阅读中感受到乐趣；D项在文中未提及。【答案】CCOne period of our lives when better results are demanded of us is, strangely enough, childhood.Despite being young we are expected to achieve good grades, stay out of trouble, make friends at school, do well on tests, perform chores at home and so on.Its not easy.The good news is that being likable can help a child perform better.Likable children enjoy many advantages, including the ability to cope more easily with stresses of growing up.In her book Understanding Child Stress, Dr.Carolyn Leonard states that children who are likable and optimistic are able to gain support from others.This leads to focus and resilience, the ability to recover from or adjust early to life stress；a child who has adequate emotional armor can continue down the path to success.Much research shows that resilience has enabled children to succeed in school, avoid drug abuse, and develop a healthy selfawareness.Why does a likable child more easily handle stress and do better in his or her life? Because likability helps create whats known as a positive feedback loop(反馈环)The positive feelings you want to see in other people are returned to you, creating constant encouragement and motivation to deal with the daily stress of life.This feedback loop continues into adulthood.To return once again to the example of teaching, learning becomes easier with a likable personality.Michael Delucchi of the University of Hawaii reviewed dozens of studies to determine if likable teachers received good ratings because of their likability or because they in fact taught well.Delucchi found that “Students who perceive(察觉) a teacher as likable, in contrast to those who do not, may be more attentive to the information that the teacher delivers and theyll work harder on assignments, and they will learn more.”You may have noticed this pattern in your own life when you try to give some advice.The more positive your relationship with that person, the more he or she seems to listen, and the more you feel certain that that person has heard you and intends to act on your words.【语篇解读】可爱给人什么好处呢？可爱的孩子更容易得到别人的支持，从而更容易成功，也更能处理生活中的压力；可爱的老师更能受到学生的关注，从而教育效果会更好。总之，一般来说，可爱的人会做得更成功。9The writer implies in the first paragraph that .A. children are expected more than we usually thinkBlife is not easy for every one of usCbetter education results in smarter childrenDto be a likable child is almost impossible【解析】推理判断题。从第一段“Despite being young we are expected to achieve good grades, stay out of trouble, make friends at school, do well on tests, perform chores at home and so on.”可知，尽管我们年轻，我们还是被期待取得好成绩，不惹麻烦，在校交友，考试成绩好，在家做家务事等等。即可推断：大人总是期待小孩做很多很多事，故选A。【答案】A10According to Dr.Leonard, likable children Acan cope more easily with stress independentlyBknow how to avoid trouble and unpleasant eventsCare always optimistic and ready to help those in needDcan achieve more and understand themselves better【解析】细节理解题。从第三段可知，孩子的可爱可以促成“focus and resilience”，而“resilience”又有助于孩子“succeed in school, avoid drug abuse, and develop a healthy selfawareness(健康的自我意识)”，由此判断正确答案选D。学生易误选A，从“children who are likeable and optimistic are able to gain support from others.”可知，孩子的可爱容易得到别人的支持，而别人的支持才“leads to focus and resilience, the ability to recover from or adjust early to life stress”，所以A项中的“independently”与文章内容是不符合的。【答案】D11The main purpose of the studies done by Michael Delucchi is to find Aif a likable teacher has a positive personalityBif a likable teacher draws more attentionChow a teachers likability gains popularityDhow a likable teachers teaching style is formed【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Michael Delucchi of the University of Hawaii reviewed dozens of studies to determine if likeable teachers received good ratings because of their likability or because they in fact taught well.”可判断B项正确。【答案】B12The passage aims at proving that Alikable people do better in life generallyBlikable people do better in their childhoodCsocial creatures enjoy more advantagesDlikable people give better advice【解析】推理判断题。文章先从小孩的角度阐述“可爱”的作用，而后又从“老师”的角度说明“可爱”的意义，由此推断文章旨在说明：一般来说，可爱的人会做得更成功。故选A。【答案】AD(2016山西四校高三联考)Dear Friend，The recent success of childrens books has made the general public aware that theres a huge market out there.And theres a growing need for new writers trained to create the $3 billion worth of childrens books bought each year.plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers. Who are these needed writers? Theyre ordinary folks like you and me.But am I good enough?I was once where you might be now. My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by selfdoubt, and I didnt know where to turn for help. Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude (潜能), and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed.The promise that paid offThe Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability：You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿) suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.I really didnt expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened. I sold three stories. And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute. Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published childrens books and over 300 stories and articles. Free test and brochureWe offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized homestudy courses on the basis of oneonone training.Realize your writing dream today. Theres nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever.Sincerely，KristiKristi Holl, InstructorInstitute of Childrens Literature【语篇解读】克丽斯蒂霍尔参加了儿童研究所的写作课程后，成功出版了很多儿童读物并实现了自己的写作梦想，她呼吁更多热爱写作的人来学习该课程。13From the first three paragraphs, we learn that Achildrens books are usually bestsellersBthere is a growing need for writers of childrensCmagazines for teenagers have drawn public attentionDpublishers are making $3 billion each year【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句And theres a growing need for new writers.及第三段第一句Who are these needed writers？可知前三段告诉我们目前急需儿童作家。【答案】B14When finishing the course, you are promised to .Abe a successful publisherBbecome a confident editorCget one story or article publishedDfinish one work for publication【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿)suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.可知D项正确。【答案】D15Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to Aprove she is a good instructorBgive her advice on course preparationCshow she sold more stories than articlesDpromote the writing program【解析】推理判断题。克丽斯蒂霍尔用自己的例子证明了该项目的可行性，并向他人宣传该项目。【答案】D.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2016驻马店泌阳二中高三检测)How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves selfworth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. 16 But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1Associate with others. The first step to making friends is associating with other people. 17 Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. 2Start a conversation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 18 You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people. 3. 19 Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. 4Let it grow. It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 20 The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. 5Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. Try not to find fault with your friends. Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. AFor a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. BYou can go to public places to meet new people. CSo you will need to give your friend time to react to you. DMaking new friends comes easy for some people.EBe cheerful.FDo things together.GDo not wait to be spoken to.【答案】1620DBGFC.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(2014新课标全国卷)As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis.As a matter of fact，we can see this 21 at work in people of all 22 For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about 23 with their new toys.But their 24 soon wears off and by January those 25 toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of 26 stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someones 27 interest.When parents bring home a pet，their child 28 bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short time，however，the 29 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great 30 but are soon looking forward to 31 The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then，how many 32 ，who now complain(抱怨) about the long drives to work， 33 drove for hours at a time when they first 34 their drivers licenses(执照)？Before people retire，they usually 35 to do a lot of 36 things，which they never had 37 to do while working.But 38 after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 39 And，like the child in January，they go searching for new 40 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。一般来说，任何事情做久了都会让人厌倦。实际上不论是在工作中，还是在人们的日常生活中都会有这样的现象；同样的厌倦心理也会出现在各个年龄段。21A.principle BhabitCwayDpower【解析】根据文章开头的As a general rule.“作为一个通用的规则”可知，此处意为“我们能在中看到这个定律”，上文中rule暗示此处要用principle。【答案】A22A.partiesBracesCcountriesDages【解析】由For example后面提到的几类人children，adolescents，young adults以及people to retire可知此处要填ages，意为“我们可以看到这一定律对各年龄段的人都有效”。【答案】D23A.workingBlivingCplayingDgoing【解析】根据该空后面的with their new toys可知孩子们是“玩耍”新的玩具，所以此处要用playing。【答案】C24A.confidenceBinterestCanxietyDsorrow【解析】分析语境，前文说“孩子们很兴奋地玩他们的新玩具”，由But表转折可知，他们的兴趣(interest)慢慢消失，而不是confidence“信心”，anxiety“焦虑”，sorrow“伤心”。wear off逐渐减少，慢慢消失。下文的.each standing as a monument to someones interest.也暗示此空填interest。【答案】B25A.sameBextraCfunnyDexpensive【解析】这里提到的玩具就是原来孩子们非常感兴趣的玩具，所以此处要用same。【答案】A26A.wellorganizedBcolorfullyprintedCnewlycollectedDhalffilled【解析】下面的unfinished models“没有完成的模型”是重要提示，与unfinished并列的应是halffilled，意为“完成一半的”集邮册，而不是“排列好的”、“绘成彩色的”或“最新收集的”。【答案】D27A.broadBpassingCdifferentDmain【解析】此处语境为：这个世界上到处都是装满一半的集邮册和尚未完成的模型，每个都是某人曾经的兴趣的纪念碑。passing interest“曾经的兴趣”，也就是曾经那么感兴趣，而现在没有兴趣了。【答案】B28A.silentlyBimpatientlyCgladlyDworriedly【解析】结合下文的Within a short time，however，the of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.可知，开始时孩子很乐意(gladly)为宠物洗澡和梳理毛发。silently 沉默地；impatiently不耐烦地；worriedly忧虑地。 【答案】C29A.promiseBburdenCrightDgame【解析】孩子没有了兴趣，因此照顾宠物的负担(burden)就移交给父母了。promise承诺；right权利；game游戏。【答案】B30A.courageBcalmnessCconfusionDexcitement【解析】根据23空前面的children are exc
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