2016-2017学年高中英语单元测试卷1新人教版必修5

单元测试卷（一）(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AA new study has claimed that men really are more intelligent than women.The study concluded that mens IQs are almost four points higher than womens.Britishborn researcher John Philippe Ruston says the finding could explain why so few women make it to the top in the workplace.He claims the “glass ceiling” phenomenon is probably due to inferior(较差的)intelligence，rather than discrimination or lack of opportunity.The University of Western Ontario psychologist(心理学家)reached his conclusion after scrutinizing the results of university tests taken by 100，000 students aged 17 and 18 of both sexes.A focus on the factors such as the ability to quickly grasp of a complex concept，verbal reasoning skills and creativitysome of the key factors of intelligenceshowed that the male teenagers had IQs that were an average of 3.63 points higher.The average person has an IQ of around 100.The findings，which held true for all classes and levels of parental education，overturn(推翻)a 100year conclusion that men and women average the same in general mental ability.They also conflict with evidence that girls do better in school exams than boys.But Professor Ruston argues that the faster maturing of girls leads to them performing better than boys in the classroom.【语篇解读】最新科研成果表明，男性比女性智商高。1The report is mainly about_Aa study that shows men are cleverer than womenBthe“glass ceiling” phenomenonCProfessor Rustons theory of IQDthe difference between the male and female【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句话即点明中心，介绍一项研究成果男性比女性智商高。【答案】A2The underlined word “scrutinizing” in the fourth paragraph probably means_Amaking upBcarrying outCexamining carefully Dlooking at【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，得出结论应该是在“仔细研究”试验结果之后。【答案】C3We can infer that the average woman has an IQ of_Aa little less than 100 B100Cmore than 100 D96.37【解析】推理判断题。文章第五段提到男性的平均智商比女性高3.63，而人的平均智商约为100。那么可推断出，女性的平均智商应略低于100。【答案】A4Which of the following opinions does Professor Ruston NOT accept?AMens IQs are almost four points higher than womens.BFew women make it to the top in the workplace.CMen and women average the same in general mental ability.DThe faster maturing of girls leads to them outshining boys in the classroom.【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，研究成果证明男性与女性在心智能力上是不同的，C不正确。【答案】CBYawning is so contagious(具有传染性的)that chimpanzees can “catch” it from cartoons，according to research.Scientists from Emory University in Atlanta，the US，have discovered that a cartoon of a yawning chimp will stimulate(刺激)real chimps to yawn.They describe in the Royal Society journal，Proceedings B，how this could assist in the future study of empathy(同感，共鸣)The work could also help explain it and how computer games might cause children to imitate what they see on screen.Previous studies have already shown，contagious yawning in chimpanzeesstimulated by videorecorded footage of yawns.“We wanted to expand on that，”explained Matthew Campbell，a researcher from Emory Universitys Yerkes National Primate Research Center and lead author of the study.“Were interested in using cartoons for presenting stimuli to animals，because we can control all the features of what we show them，”he continued.Although Dr Campbell doesnt think the chimps were“fooled”by the cartoons into thinking they were looking at real chimps，he explained that there was evidence that chimpanzees “process animated(动画的)faces the same way they process photographs of faces”He said，“Its not a real chimpanzee，but this kind of looks like a chimpanzee，and they respond to that.”He and his team，including Devyn Carter who designed the cartoons，showed the animals the yawning sequences.“We also had the cartoons doing other movements with their mouths that the chimps often do，”he said.“The chimps showed a lot more yawning during the yawn video when the control videos were playing.”He told BBC News that the only way he and his colleagues could explain the “very strong difference”they saw was that seeing the yawns made the animals yawn.【语篇解读】研究表明，黑猩猩会模仿动画片中黑猩猩的打哈欠动作，如果能充分利用黑猩猩的这种模仿能力，人类对动物行为的控制将取得重大突破。5According to the passage，the scientists have found that_Ayawning is a contagious facial expression among chimpsBchimps will imitate a cartoon chimp who is yawningCchimps are able to understand cartoons very wellDchimps like watching cartoons very much【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩时，会进行模仿。【答案】B6According to the passage，we can learn that_Ayawning on both cartoon videos and pictures can make chimps yawnBDevyn Carter led the study about contagious yawningCchildren will also be stimulated to yawn by the videos of chimpsDpeople can control all the features of animals through cartoons【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段后半部分中的内容可知无论是动画片中还是图片中的打哈欠动作都可以让黑猩猩打哈欠。【答案】A7By studying the action of chimps，the scientists hope to_Ateach them more body language of human beingsBlearn how chimps use their brains to studyCcontrol the actions and behaviors of animalsDcreate more charming cartoon characters【解析】推理判断题。黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩后会进行模仿，第四段的后半部分提到科学家可以控制所有的播放内容，由此可推断科学家希望通过研究黑猩猩的模仿行为来控制动物的行为和举止。【答案】C8The passage is mainly talking about_Aa serious research about chimps body languageBthose contagious gestures of animalsCwhy children imitate what they see on TVDa study about chimps ability of imitating【解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据该段内容可知文章是关于黑猩猩模仿能力的一项研究。【答案】DCThe first person who really opened the worlds eyes to the plight(苦难)of Africas young Aids victims was 11yearold Nkosi Johnson，who made a speech at the 2，000 international Aids conference in Durban.“I hate having Aids because I get very sick and I get very sad when I think of all the other children and babies that are sick with Aids，”the short youngster told 10，000 delegates from around the world.Nkosi，who was at the time the countrys longestliving HIVpositive child，died the following year.His adoptive mother(养母)，Gail Johnson whose story is being turned into a Hollywood movie said Nkosi would have been excited to know children can get ARVs(抗逆转录病毒药物)and live longer lives.“But he would surely be disappointed there are not as many as there should be，”she said.Even when children manage to get ARVs，some have nobody to make sure they take them correctly，as their parents die or are too sick to care for them.Those living with HIV who do survive beyond childhood often face huge challenges that their friends can only imagine，including how to develop relationships with members of the opposite sex and have healthy children themselves.About 11million children in subSaharan Africa who have lost one or both parents to the disease are often left to support themselves.Silindile Ncwane(17)from KwaZuluNatal province explained the problems of living with his elderly grandmother who took him and his brothers and sisters in after his mother died.“For me its very hard to get them ready for school every day and help them with their homework.They always ask questions I dont know how to answer and its very hard for me.I am being a mother to them，”Ncwanes grandmother said.【语篇解读】由于Nkosi Johnson，世界开始关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者。如今，他们可以通过服用ARVs来延长寿命，然而，他们面临的生活困难还有很多很多。9Nkosi Johnson_Adrew the worlds attention to the problems of Africas young Aids patientsBmade a speech on human rights at an international meetingCplayed the part of an Aids victim in a movieDdid a lot to help children with Aids in Africa【解析】细节理解题。由文章的第一句话可知，Nkosi Johnson是第一个吸引世人关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者问题的男孩。【答案】A10What challenges may the grownups with HIV face?AHow they can live without their parents.BHow they can make friends with others.CWhether they can get married and have healthy children.DWhether they can live a longer life.【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第四段可以看出，如何和异性朋友发展关系并生育出自己的健康的孩子是成年艾滋病患者所面临的一大挑战，而不是说交普通的朋友，所以C项正确。【答案】C11Some Aids children can not correctly take ARVs，because_Atheir parents cant take care of them very wellBthe medicine is not very effective for childrenCtaking the medicine will bring many side effectsDAids children dont read the instructions of the medicine【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第五段内容可知，对于有些艾滋病患儿来说，没人能确保他们正确服用了ARVs，因为他们的父母要么已去世，要么有病而无法照顾他们。故选A项。【答案】A12From the passage，we can know that_ANkosi was disappointed with his adoptive motherBSilindile Ncwane was taken good care of by his grandmotherCchildren who are living with Aids get low marks in their studiesDthere are not enough ARVs for the Aids victims in Africa【解析】细节理解题。由第四段可以看出，在非洲没有足够的抗逆转录病毒药物来治疗艾滋病患者。A、B、C三项均与文意不符。故选D项。【答案】DDBill Gates，the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single university degree，is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title：the MBA(Master of Business Administration)The MBA，a 20th century product，always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the treelined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.But even with the recession apparently cutting down the hiring of business school graduates，about 79，000 people were expected to receive MBAs in 1993.This was nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960.“If you are going into the corporate world，it is still a disadvantage not to have one，”said Donald Morrison，professor of marketing and management science.“But in the last five years or so，when someone says，Should I attempt to get an MBA？，the answer is It depends.”The success of Bill Gates and other nonMBAs，such as the late Sam Walton of WalMart Stores Inc.，has helped inspire selfconscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.Harvard Business Review printed a lively，fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires“extremely disappointing”and said“MBAs want to move up too fast；they dont understand politics and people，and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year.But by then，theyre out looking for other jobs.”The problem，most participants in the debate acknowledge，is that the MBA has acquired an aura(气氛)of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people.【语篇解读】工商管理硕士学位是否值得拥有？本文主要以世界商业巨头比尔盖茨和很多成功人士都没有这一学位为例，对此提出质疑。13It seems that the argument over the value of MBA degrees is fueled mainly by_Athe complaints from many employersBthe success of many nonMBAsCthe criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesDthe poor performance of MBAs at work【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The success of Bill Gates and other nonMBAs，such as the late.has helped inspire selfconscious debates”可知B项正确。【答案】B14What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard Business Review?AThey are usually selfcentered.BThey are aggressive and greedy.CThey keep complaining about their jobs.DThey are not good at dealing with politics and people.【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“MBAs want to move up too fast，they dont understand politics and people，and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year.”可知，他们不理解政治和人际交往，不能处理好团队协作，故D项正确。【答案】D15From the passage we know that most MBAs_.Acan climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyBquit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesCreceive salaries that do not match their professional trainingDcherish unrealistic expectations about their future【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“.the MBA has acquired an aura(气氛)of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.”可知D项正确。【答案】D.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Children in kindergartens have a lot of chances to interact(互动)with other children at their age.If your child is not in it，it can be fun and helpful to create chances to play with others.Here are some things you can do to support your childs early partner relationship.Schedule regular playmates.Start when your child is around one year of age，set aside a few times a week for playtime with partners._16_Even so，you still might want to give your baby a chance observe and interact with children who are at the same developmental level.Join a playgroup._17_This can be a great way for your child to interact with her partners，and learn to feel comfortable in a new setting.As an added benefit，while your child plays，you can talk with other parents who have children the same age as your own._18_You can organize a playground in your own home.It may involve just one other child，or as many as three or four._19_Remember：safety first.Offer guidance when needed.If you see a child playing in a way that might hurt another，certainly you need to help her find a safer way to have fun._20_But remember that some children need to watch for a while before they feel comfortable joining inencourage everyone to join the fun，but dont push.AMake your home safe for play.BMake sure there is an open classroom you can use.CYoull need a safe space that has been carefully childproofed.DIt is also necessary to help a child who does not know how to get started.EMany communities have organized playgroups for young children.FIt is enough to have a few interesting and safe toys to help everyone feel comfortable.GIf you have older children，of course，they will do a lot of playing with your younger ones.【答案】1620GEACD.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My ears are recently full of joyous remarks from my friends such as，“Oh，Beckham is so handsome，so cool，that I cant help falling in love with him！”or“what perfect skills he has！”Yeah，I agree_21_some degree，though I sometimes do want to ask them how much they_22_Beckham，apart from his appearance and how much they know about football_23_scoring goals.It seems funny that we are crazy for things，with which we are unfamiliar or_24_we are uncertain，but we all，my friends_25_I，consider this_26_We need these pleasures to brighten up our lives.But that doesnt amount to craziness_27_nonsense(胡闹)As an old saying_28_：“Dont judge a book by its cover.” We should not_29_anything from its appearance.We should all know，it is ones good character and great contribution that_30_one a star and unforgettable.Therefore wed better say_31_about Beckhams good looks.If we close our eyes，_32_in deep thought，we can find that the things_33_us to be in truth happy，sad or moved_34_a clear meaning.If we dont go deeper and just satisfied with superficial(表面的)things，_35_we will find that we have not really gained anything_36_our first impression has blinded and misled us，and well remain ignorant(愚昧无知的)_37_we realize that and make some changes.It is believed that thinking and going deeper than before is sign of great_38_If one day we are willing to go deeper into everything，no matter how much it_39_us，we will finally prove how much we have grown up，how much more sensible(明智的)，mature，and intelligent we have_40_【语篇解读】本文是一篇具有一定哲理和教育意义的、夹叙夹议的议论文。21A.to BonCin Dat【解析】介词的固定搭配，“在某种程度上”。【答案】A22A.learn from BlearnCknow Dknow about【解析】know about“了解”从下文中也能找到相同的短语。【答案】D23A.rather than Bexcept forCexcept Dapart from【解析】apart from“除外，还有”，具有“附加性质”。其他选项具有“排他性质”。从上文中也能找到相同的短语。【答案】D24A.with which Babout thatCabout which Dwhich【解析】此题为“介词关系代词”引导定语从句，about与be uncertain搭配。【答案】C25A.not Bas well asCrather than Dbut【解析】从上文中的we all判断，“不仅仅是我，还有我的朋友”。【答案】B26A.one of lifes pleasures Bpleasures of lifeCone of lifes sorrow Done of lifes regrets【解析】从结构上判断，此句含有宾语和宾补结构，宾语为this，后用单数。从下文的意义上判断，为“生活中的乐趣之一”。【答案】A27A.nor BandCor Dor else【解析】否定句中用or连接。“不要达到疯狂和胡闹的程度”。【答案】C28A.speaks BtalksCtells Dgoes【解析】“正如俗语所说的”，此四个选项都有“说”之意，然而它们都有自己的搭配，A.speaks“说语言，演讲”；B.talks“交谈”；C.tells“告诉”；如用says是正确的，此题中的goes与says同义。【答案】D29A.take BjudgeCaccept Dconclude【解析】judge.by.或judge.from.“根据判断”，从上句中能找到相同的意义。【答案】B30A.makes BcausesCbuilds Dcreates【解析】“是一个人好的品德和贡献才使其成为明星”。make之后接复合宾语。【答案】A31A.more BmuchCworse Dless【解析】从上下文意义上判断，“在外貌上要少说”。【答案】D32. Afell BfallenCfalling Dfall【解析】从句子结构上分析，用现在分词形式作伴随状语。【答案】C33A.that move Bthat movesCmove Dmoves【解析】从句子结构上分析，此处为定语从句，that代替先行词things，所以谓语用复数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，that不能省略。【答案】A34A.lack BhaveCinclude Dcover【解析】此句的句子结构较复杂，主语是前面的the things，此题要填谓语动词，由于主语和谓语之间有一个定语从句，造成了句子的复杂性，意义为“有明确的意义”。【答案】B35A.in fact BindeedCin a while Dsooner or later【解析】从意义上判断，“如果我们不注重内含，满足表面的东西，迟早会发现我们将一无所获”。【答案】D36A.so Beven thoughCbecause Dalthough【解析】从句子的连接上分析有“因果”关系。【答案】C37A.even if BalthoughCunless Dif【解析】从意义上判断，“除非我们意识到这点并做某些改变，否则的话”。【答案】C38A.joy BprogressCeffort Dwork【解析】从意义上判断，“更注重内涵是一个人进步(成熟)的象征”。【答案】B39A.cares BpainsCworries Dminds【解析】pains在此为及物动词，意为“费(苦)心”，这种意义与上下文是相通的。【答案】B40A.come BmadeChad Dbecome【解析】根据句子结构判断，应该用系动词。【答案】D.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41._(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 42._most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43._(able)to “air condition”a house without 44._(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 45._(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46._(cool) the house during the hot day；47._the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 48._(go)day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 49._(nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 50._thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人修建的土坯房，这些房子白天吸收热量，晚上释放热量，从而使得房间内的温度适宜。这些房子让现在的建筑师和工程师都赞叹不已。41built考查过去分词用法。由谓语动词are admired可知此处填非谓语动词，adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。42the考查冠词用法。根据句意可知此处为形容词最高级，故应该在most前加the。43ability考查词性转换之形容词变为名词。空格前的their是形容词性物主代词，其后应该接名词。44using考查动名词用法。由空格前的介词without可知空格处应该使用动名词形式。45slowly考查副词用法。根据空格前的give out that heat可知，这里应使用副词修饰动词短语，指缓慢地(slowly)释放白天吸收的热量。46to cool考查动词不定式用法。beadj.enoughto do sth.是固定结构，意为“足够，能够做某事”。结合空格前的cold enough可知后面应使用动词不定式。47at考查介词用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个固定词组。48goes考查时态。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去。这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时。49natural考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。结合空格后的architects可知应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词，因此填natural。50how考查连词用法及理解语境的能力。空格后面的thick是一个形容词，填how引导宾语从句，从句作figured out的宾语。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线。并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and classmate.Dont panic or get out of line，and trying to remain quiet and calmly.Soon the firefighters will come and pu