高考英语一轮复习 暑假阅读理解自练题1

潞城市（山西）2017高考英语暑假阅读理解自练题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 “The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses(冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral(道德) freedom.A single angry word has lost many friends. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad.” “Keep cool,” says Webster, “anger is not argument.” “Be calm in arguing,” says George Herbert, “for fierceness(狂怒) makes error a fault.”To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger,” says Pythagoras, “brings with folly and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him. Self-control is mans last and greatest victory. If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also. (from www.nmet168.com)1. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of self- control. B. How to conquer oneself?C. The relation between a mans moral freedom and his feelings.D. A man should keep cool.2. Whats the meaning of “whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad”?A. If you are mad, the gods will kill you.B. If you lose your temper first, gods will kill you first.C. If you cant control yourself, you will be crazy.D. If the gods want to kill you, they will make you mad first.3. Which of the following is NOT true, according to passage?A. The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself.B. You will make a small mistake serious if you dont keep cool.C. You must measure a mans strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him.D. Anger brings with folly and ends with regret. 4. Which of the following cant help you avoid anger, according to the passage?A. Be calm in arguing. B. Check your temper or anger by speaking low.C. Keep your mouth shut. D. Try to make the other angry first.1. A 主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段的第 2 句 Self-control is at the root of all the advantages 及全文的内容可知，本文的大意是“自控的重要性”。故答案选 A。2. D 语义理解题。根据上文 you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease 可知答案选 D。3. C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 3 段的最后一句 You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him 可知，选项 C 与之矛盾。故答案选 C。4. D 推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段的第 2 句和第 3 句以及最后一句可以排除选项 A、B、C，从而得出答案为 D。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to represent all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the worlds food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on Earth.An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if in his words “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above zero degrees Celsius. The seeds will be protected behind concrete walls a meter thick and high-security doors.The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below zero Celsius. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the worlds most secure gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason.Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s. But security concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was permitted use of Spitsbergen. New Scientist says the plan won United Nations approval in October at a meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.1. The project is meant to_. A. increase the worlds food production in the futureB. carry out some scientific experiments on plant genesC. protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disastersD. build an exhibition centre of the worlds plant seeds2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?A. The government of Norway will perform the project alone.B. Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousand years ago.C. Spitsbergen is chosen because it is away from the threat of unclear war forever.D. Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.3. We can infer from the text that_.A. People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every yearB. The storage center will greatly promote the development of world agricultureC. Norway meant to have built the storage centre more than 20 years agoD. There havent been any seed storage centers in the world before4. What is probably the best title of the passage?A. Noahs Ark of Plant Seeds in Plan B. The Best Place to Store SeedsC. Concerns of World Food Supply D. A New Way to Feed the World【参考答案】14、CDCA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was reported last week that developers could take photos from Apple mobile and Google Android devices without the phone owners knowing that the images were being taken. In Apples case, developers can also obtain the location information for each photo.Senator(参议员) Charles Schumer said in a telephone interview that his office had spoken with officials at both Apple and Google on Monday. “We asked them if they could find a way on their own to prevent Apple from having access to private info,” Mr. Schumer said. “They were friendly and open to the idea that this ought to be changed.”On Sunday, Mr. Schumersaidthat he planned to send a letter to the Federal Trade Commission(联邦贸易委员会) asking the agency to investigate Apple and Google after the privacy concerns came to light.Claudia Bourne Farrell, an F.T.C. spokeswoman, said the agency had received the letter but she could not comment further.“It sends shivers up the spine to think that ones personal photos, address book, and who knows what else can be obtained and even posted online without consent,” Mr. Schumer wrote in his letter to the F.T.C. “If the technology exists to open the door to this kind of privacy invasion, then surely technology exists to close it, and thats exactly what must happen.”Mr. Schumer said if Apple and Google could not come to an agreement to fix the problem, then he would be forced to take the issue further.He said other companies had been willing to work with his office to fix issues. “Im optimistic that we can get this changed without any regulation,” he said. “If its not changed, then well look the F.T.C., and if that doesnt work then well look at legislative approach.”The F.T.C. has warned companies to try to be morevigilant(警醒的)in their efforts to protect consumers when it comes to privacy.36.The senators spoke with officials at both Apple and Google .A. to discuss whether it is illegal to have access to private information.B. to stop them from developing the technology of taking photos.C. to urge them not to invade consumers privacy.D. to keep them from obtaining the location information for each photo【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据We asked them if they could find a way on their own to prevent Apple from having access to private info参议员鼓励他们不要侵犯顾客的个人隐私，故选C。37. Which of the following statements is true?A. Privacy invasion from Apple has existed for a long time.B. Privacy invasion from Google has existed for a long time.C. Apple and Google have decided to make a change.D. Mr. Schumer takes the privacy concerns caused by Apple and Google seriously.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Mr. Schumersaidthat he planned to send a letter to the Federal Trade Commission(联邦贸易委员会) asking the agency to investigate Apple and Google after the privacy concerns came to light.可知Mr. Schumer对苹果和谷歌引起的个人隐私问题很重视，故选D。38. Mr. Schumers letter to the F.T.C. mainly shows that the technology to open the door to privacy invasion . A. causes people to worry about the safety of their personal information . B. can be used if permitted.C. causes personal information to be posted online without permission.D. causes privacy invasion to happen frequently.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据If the technology exists to open the door to this kind of privacy invasion, then surely technology exists to close it, and thats exactly what must happen.他认为引起人们对于个人安全问题的担心，故选A。39.If the privacy concerns cant be solved with the help of the F.T.C., .A.The companies will be fined.B. The companies will be closed.C. The senators will turn to legislation.D. The senators will force the companies not to invade privacy.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据if that doesnt work then well look at legislative approach如果个人的隐私问题解决不了将采用立法的问题，故选C。40.Where can we read about the passage?A.In a science report. B. In a newspaper. C. In a magazine D. In a textbook.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容主要叙述的是对于公司的对于客户的个人隐私的泄露问题的的解决途径，所以这篇文章出现在报纸上，故选B。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As students and teachers returned to school on Monday after the publication of performance ratings(等级) for 18,000 teachers, many parents said they were giving the reports serious thought. Yet there was an equal measure of skepticism among parents that test scores have any relationship with teachers competence.Some said they already knew how good a teacher was by walking into the classroom or by monitoring their childrens progress. “Im the kind of person who likes to see for themselves,” a father in Queens said.Others worried about how their fellow parents, perhaps ones with sharper elbows, might respond. Will they demand a new teacher? Move their children to a new school?Elizabeth Sane, the mother of a fourth grader at the Ella Baker School, a kindergarten-through-eighth-grade school on the Upper East Side, said that her daughter was switched to a different teachers class over the summer, and that it was “like adding salt to the wound” when she saw the high ratings for her daughters previous teacher. Her daughters teacher this year did not receive a rating because he previously taught high schoolMs. Sane said that the rating was not the only factor that influenced how she assessed a teachers performance, but that the data used for teacher evaluations mattered.But other parents dropping their children off at the Ella Baker School said they did not trust teacher ratings based on test scores any more than they wanted their childrens learning measured only by the state exams.“Some people take it as the final word, but it doesnt change who they are as teachers. The ratings arent accurate, and the whole student testing thing needs to be thrown out,” said Lydia Delgado, whose child is in the second grade.41. Paragraph 1 tells us that A. All the teachers received a rating given by the students.B. All the teachers will receive a rating at the end of each semester,C. Most parents took the teachers ratings seriously.D. About half of the parents doubted the ratings to be reliable.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Yet there was an equal measure of skepticism among parents that test scores have any relationship with teachers competence.有些父母怀疑评级的可靠性，故选D。42.What does the underlined part “with sharper elbows” mean?A. With the ability to change the situation.B. With a good relationship with the school.C. With a stong will to succeed.D. With strong elbows physically.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据might respond可推测有能力改变形势，故选A。43.Paragraph 4 shows that Elizabeth Sane A. was on the side of giving ratings to the teachers.B. regretted having sent her daughter to another class. C. didnt think her daughters previous teacher was better.D. wanted her daughter to return to her previous class.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据her daughter was switched to a different teachers class over the summer, and that it was “like adding salt to the wound”她后悔把她的女儿送到了另一个学校，故选B。44. Which of the following statements is true?A. The teacher ratings were decided by the test scores of the students.B. Ms. Sane evaluated a teachers performance only by the rating.C. Lydia Delgado didnt think the students scores should be kept.D. To give ratings to teachers will come to an end in the near future.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据teacher ratings based on test scores老师的排名基于学生考试的分数，故选A。45.The attitude of the author towards the way to assess teachers competence is .A. supportive B. criticalC. indifferent D. objective【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。supportive赞成的； critical批评的；indifferent中立的；objective客观的。 根据全文的内容来看作者只是客观陈述的别人的一些看法，没有提出自己的具体的观点，故选D。