高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础题（五）1

河南浚县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础题（五）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。I just hope that our brains wont crash(死机). Are you working on your typing skills to make you a more efficient worker? That may be all for nothing as Intel believes that well be able to control our computers with our brains by 2020. Intel and its research partners are studying how brain acts when it thinks. For example, scientists have found that peoples brains react in a similar manner when asked to think of a bear. Through sensors(感应器)that can find this sort of brain activity, Intel thinks that it will be able to read and translate this into an input system thanks to a chip in the brain. “Were trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves. ”Intel research scientist Dean Pomerleau told Computerworld. “Eventually people may be willing to be, more devoted to brain implants(植入物). Imagine being able to surf the Web with the Power of your thoughts. ”Even if thinking about a bear isnt enough to show that you want to copy and paste something. Intel still thinks that theres a future in using your brain instead of the keyboard. “If we can get to the point where you can accurately find specific words, you could mentally type, ”he added. “You could compose characters or words by thinking about letters flashing on the screen or typing whole words rather than their individual characters. ”While this may all sound impractical for present time, Intel thinks that its possible and something well all want. “I think human beings are unusually adaptive(适应的), ”said Andrew Chien, vice president of research and director of future technologies research at Intel Labs. “If you told people 20 years ago that they would be carrying computers all the time, they would have said, I dont want that. I dont need that. Now you cant get them to stop carrying devices. There are a lot of things that have to be done first but I think implanting chips into human brains is well within the scope of possibility. ”Make good use of your favorite mouse and keyboard set-up before theyre old-fashioned. 【文章大意】本文主要讲了现在Intel及同伴正在研究怎样用人脑控制我们的电脑。1. What are Intel and its partners doing at present? A. Controlling our computers with our brains. B. Working on typing skills to improve efficiency. C. Studying how the brain behaves when it thinks. D. Finding how the brain reacts when it thinks of a bear. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中首句Intel and its research partners are studying how brain acts when it thinks可知答案。2. According to Dean Pomerleau, we can learn that. A. brain implants will not be acceptedB. he holds negative attitude to the researchC. mentally typing will be possible in the futureD. people need a period of time to accept the new idea【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第六段中Dean Pomerleau所言可以推知C项正确。其他选项所述与文章内容不符。3. Computers were taken for example by Andrew Chien(in the last but one paragraph)to prove. A. nothing is impossibleB. mankind has great powerC. society is always changingD. human beings can adapt very well【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段首句I think human beings are unusually adaptive可知, Andrew Chien举电脑的例子是为了证明首句的观点。4. In the last paragraph, the author probably means that. A. there will be no mouse or keyboard any moreB. new kinds of mouse and keyboard will appearC. human brains will replace the present computersD. the mouse and keyboard should be used to the full【解析】选A。主旨大意题。最后一段作者风趣地告诉读者: 人类大脑将控制电脑是必然趋势, 鼠标和键盘终将被淘汰。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 The writer Margaret Mitchell is best known for writing Gone with the Wind, first published in 1936. Her book and the movie based on it, tell a story of love and survival during the American Civil War. Visitors to the Margaret Mitchell House in Atlanta, Georgia, can go where she lived when she started composing the story and learn more about her life.Our first stop at the Margaret Mitchell House is an exhibit area telling about the writers life. She was born in Atlanta in 1900. She started writing stories when she was a child. She started working as a reporter for the Atlanta Journal newspaper in 1922. One photograph of Ms. Mitchell, called Peggy, shows her talking to a group of young college boys. She was only about one and a half meters tall. The young men tower over her, but she seems very happy and sure of herself. The tour guide explains: “Now in this picture Peggy is interviewing some boys from Georgia Tech, asking them such questions as Would you really marry a woman who works? And today itd be Would you marry one who doesnt? ”The Margaret Mitchell House is a building that once contained several apartments. Now we enter the first floor apartment where Ms. Mitchell lived with her husband, John Marsh. They made fun of the small apartment by calling it “The Dump ” .Around 1926, Margaret Mitchell had stopped working as a reporter and was at home healing after an injury. Her husband brought her books to read from the library. She read so many books that he bought her a typewriter and said it was time for her to write her own book. Our guide says Gone with the Wind became a huge success. Margaret Mitchell received the Pulitzer Prize for the book. In 1939 the film version was released. It won ten Academy Awards, including Best Picture.【文章大意】本文叙述的是去玛格丽特米切尔写小说时住的房子参观，可以更多了解她的生活。玛格丽特米切尔出生在亚特兰大，小时候就开始写小说，后来在亚特兰大日报社做记者。她和丈夫住在一说小公寓里。因为受伤，她不上班了，呆在家里读书写作。她写的小说飘获得了普利策奖，并被拍摄成电影。26. The book Gone with the Wind was _.A. first published on a newspaper B. awarded ten Academy Awards C. written in “The Dump” D. adapted from a movie【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据Visitors to the Margaret Mitchell House in Atlanta, Georgia, can go where she lived when she started composing the story和They made fun of the small apartment by calling it “The Dump ” .可知玛格丽特米切尔在自己家写的飘，她和她的丈夫戏称他们的小公寓为垃圾站，故选C。27. The underlined phrase “tower over” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.A. be very pleased with B. show great respect forC. be much taller than D. show little interest in【答案】C【 解析】词义猜测题。根据her talking to a group of young college boys. She was only about one and a half meters tall.可知她的身高只有1.5米，而那些大学男孩的身高应是比她高。故选C。28. Why did Ms. Mitchell stop working as a reporter according to the passage?A. Because she was rich enough. B. Because she was injured then.C. Because her husband didnt like it. D. Because she wanted to write books.【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据Around 1926, Margaret Mitchell had stopped working as a reporter and was at home healing after an injury.可知玛格丽特米切尔因为受伤停止了作为记者的工作。故选B。29. We can know about Margaret Mitchell from the passage that _.A. her height made her marriage unhappy B. her interest in writing continued as an adultC. writing stopped her working as a reporter D. her life was full of hardship and sadness【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据She started writing stories when she was a child.和She read so many books that he bought her a typewriter and said it was time for her to write her own book.可知她小时候开始写小说，当她结婚后，她继续写小说。故选B。30. Which is the best title for the passage?A. A Trip to Know Margaret Mitchell. B. Gone with the Wind: A Huge Success.C. An Introduction of the Margaret Mitchell House.D. Margaret Mitchell: A Great Female Writer. 【答案】A【 解析】标题归纳题。根据Visitors to the Margaret Mitchell House in Atlanta, Georgia, can go where she lived when she started composing the story and learn more about her life.可知本文叙述的是去玛格丽特米切尔写小说时住的房子参观，可以更多了解她的生活。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Sometimes youll hear people say that you cant love others until you love yourself. Sometimes youll hear people say that you cant expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, youve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that were the apple of our parents eyes, and that our Grandmas think were great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. But sometimes its a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.Self-image is your own minds picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Dont allow doubts to occur in it. It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you cant move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think youre silly because you arent good at math, find a tutor. If you think youre weak because you cant run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think youre dull because you dont wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember, just because you think it doesnt mean its true. The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on the back, youll know youre well on your way. Good luck!6. You need to build a positive self-image when you _.A. dare to challenge yourself B. feel it hard to change yourselfC. are unconfident about yourself D. have a high opinion of yourself7. According to the passage, our self-images _.A. have positive effects B. are probably untrueC. are often changeable D. have different functions8. How should you change your self-image according to the passage?A. To keep a different image of others. B. To make your life successful.C. To understand your own world. D. To change the way you think.9. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to prepare for your success. B. How to face challenges in your life.C. How to build a positive self-image. D. How to develop your good qualities.10. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Parents. B. Adolescents. C. Educators. D. People in general.【参考答案】610、CBDCB 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others. Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they dont let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they dont blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth. Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause othersand even themselvesto feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives. In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life. In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are. 【文章大意】本文叙述了创造者和受害者的两种出事状态，以及如何把受害者转变成创造者的方法。受害者和创造者都能决定自己的生活方向，都是生活的主人。受害者是因为太沉浸在痛苦中而创造者选择那些激励自己的事物。在每种情况和环境下，你可以通过设置明确的目的充实丰富的生活选择来改变受害者的那种思想。31. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems. C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings. 【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。根据“they” are around.可知“they”在我们周围，因此是我们周围的人或事。故选A。32. According to Paragraph 2, creators _. A. seem willing to experience failures in life B. possess the ability to predict future lifeC. handle ups and downs of life wisely D. have potential to create something new【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter.可知创造者无论什么事情发生，他们都能做出抉择，说明他们能够处理生活的挫折。故选C。33. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life. B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives. C. Victims can influence more people than creators. D. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional. 【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives. 可知受害者和创造者都能决定自己的生活方向。因此，他们都是生活的主人。故选B34. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _. A. strong attachment to (沉浸在）sufferings in life pulls people into victims B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains D. ones experiences determine his attitude toward life 【答案】A【 解析】推理判断题。根据One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime.可知一个人太沉浸在痛苦中，他就会成为受害者。故选A。35. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To define victims and creators. B. To evaluate victims against creators. C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators. D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators. 【答案】D【 解析】推理判断题。根据In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are. 可知在每种情况和环境下，你可以通过设置明确的目的充实丰富的生活选择来改变受害者的那种思想。因此本文的目的是告诉我们如何从受害者转变成创造者。故选D。