高考英语二轮复习 考点题组训练 专题9 特殊句式1

专题9 特殊句式1(2015四川)How do you think I should do?1HowWhat句意：你认为我该怎么办？此句为双重疑问句，特殊疑问词位于句首，而事实上是从句do的宾语，而how为副词不能充当宾语。1(2016新课标，50)It could be anythinggardening，cooking，music，sportsbut whatever it is，_(make)sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.1make句意：它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情，但是，无论它是什么，务必保证它是让你释放压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。2(2016天津，13)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.2that句意：你等错地方了。长途汽车来宾馆接游客。本题考查强调句型：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他。本句中at the hotel是被强调部分，缺强调句式中的that，故填that。3(2015重庆，9)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.3that句意：巴赫在1750年去世，但是直到19世纪初他的音乐天赋才得到完全认可。分析句子结构可知，该题是“It is/was.that.”句型，是一个强调句，所以填that。4(2014重庆，10)I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，_ you?4didnt句意：去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。那么在逗留期间，你一定参观过大英博物馆，是吧？本句是一个反意疑问句，陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must，附加问句的动词与must后的动词一致；再根据上一句中的last summer判断，本空填didnt。5(2014天津，15)_he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.5Had句意：如果他赶上了早上的火车，他是不会开会迟到的。结合句意可知，从句为对过去事实的虚拟；在非真实条件句中，if可省略，句子要求倒装，故填Had。6(2014福建，29)It was the culture，rather than the language，_made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.6that句意：正是文化，而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。分析句子结构可知，空处为强调句式中所缺部分that。7(2013湖南，35)Not once _ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.7did句意：迈克尔从来没有想过有一天他会成为班上的优等生。句首有Not once，主句应使用部分倒装；由从句的时态可知填did。8(2013重庆，27)It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.8that句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下，那些爬山者被营救了。此句去掉it was和空格处后句子依然成立，所以此句是强调句式，故填that，强调的是句子的状语部分。9(2013江苏，27)“Never for a second，” the boy says，“_I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.” 9did句意：这个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”分析句子结构可知，句中有Never for a second置于句首，所以句子用部分倒装，再结合would come to.可知，这里说的是过去发生的事情，所以通过助动词did构成部分倒装。10(2013天津，11)It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.10that句意：直到信的结尾她才提到自己的计划。分析句子结构可知，本句是对not until.“直到才”的强调，即“It is/was not until.that.”结构。11(2012江苏，25)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，_there?11is句意：你内心对他是无辜的这一点没什么疑问，是不是？根据句末的问号及逗号前的陈述句可知，该部分是反意疑问句的附加问句。陈述部分是主从复合句，附加问句与主句一致；主句是there be句式，故附加问句用is there。1考查倒装句的题目主要涉及部分倒装和完全倒装。解题的关键是判断句中是否具备使用倒装的条件。如果句首有表示否定意义的词、only 修饰的状语、so修饰的形容词或副词以及not until，not only等，此时则为部分倒装；如果句首有表示方位或时间的词且主语是名词，或者有时为了强调，将谓语部分的现在分词置于句首，则为全部倒装。 (2014广西，26)Not only _ the nurses want a pay increase，they want reduced hours as well.【解析】do句意：护士们不仅要求提高工资，还要求缩短工作时间。并列连词not only.but also.连接两个并列句，not only位于句首，其所在的分句用部分倒装；根据后一句时态判断，前一分句应用一般现在时，所以本空填助动词do。2强调句的考查常集中在该句型中的that，要想写出正确答案就必须明确强调句和其他从句的区别。要判断是否是强调句，关键在于把“It is/was”和“that(who)”去掉后看剩余部分的意义和结构是否完整，如果完整则该句是强调句，否则就不是。 (2015湖南，21)It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.【解析】that句意：当我们返回家的时候，我才意识到帮助身处困境的人感觉真好。分析句子结构可知此处是一个强调句型，在这里强调时间状语，故填that。1(2016湖南株洲教学质量检测)How an interesting country to live in!1HowWhat 句意：一个多么有趣值得居住的国家啊！根据后面的名词country可知，需用what引起感叹。1(2015江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol，and _ was my friend Mike.1so句意：我在克服酒瘾方面有困难，我的朋友迈克也是。根据句意判断，所填的词要能表达出后一种情况与前面情况相同这一意义，故用so，构成“so谓语动词主语”这种倒装结构，表示“也”。2(2015广西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while _(train) him.2training句意：弗雷德在培训他期间给他提供工作和住房，并借给他零花钱。根据宾语him判断，train在此是动词，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且二者为主动关系，故填现在分词。while training him相当于while he trained him的省略。3(2015广西南宁高级中学阶段检测)Its true，but I heard some people _ find their better half through online dating.3did句意：这是真的，但是我听说很多人的确是通过网上约会找到他们更好的另一半。根据主句时态I heard判断，hear的宾语从句应该用一般过去时，而空格后是动词原形find，故空格处应填助动词did，一方面起强调作用，另一方面与find一起构成一般过去时态。4(2014甘肃会宁二中高三第三次月考)It is ones inner beauty _ matters.4that句意：是人的内在美重要。所填词与句首的It is一起构成强调句式，被强调的是表示事物的句子的主语，故填that。5(2014江西南昌高三二模)It was then _ I burst into tears because I really needed the money at the time.5that句意：是在那个时候我突然哭起来，因为那个时候我确实需要那笔钱。所填词与句首的It was一起构成强调句，所以应填that。在本题中，被强调部分是句子的时间状语。6(2014辽师大附中高三上10月模块考试)In my opinion，for one thing，it is to realize our value，our idea _ matters a lot.6that句意：在我看来，一方面，是意识到我们的价值和思想更要紧。所填词与句首的it is一起构成强调句式，被强调的是目的状语，故填that。7(2014山东曲师大附中高三上期中教学质量检测)When _(return) home，I met my old friend Paul in the street.7returning句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且二者之间是主动关系，故填现在分词。when returning home相当于when I returned home的省略。8(2014甘肃兰州一中12月月考)He said，“What a beautiful day！_ I wish I could go back to sleep！But now I have to go out and find some food.” 8How句意：他说：“多么美好的一天！我多么想能回去睡觉！但是我现在不得不出去找些食物。”根据句子结构可知，空格所在句是一个感叹句，引导词修饰动词，故填How。9(2014甘肃天水三中第三次月考)Oh，that is a good one._ do you know that hospital?The ads of course.9How句意：奥，那家医院很好。你是怎么知道那家医院的？当然是通过广告。根据答语判断，特殊问句询问的是方法、方式，故填How。 强调句型强调句型由“Itis/was被强调部分that/who.”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who和that均可，其他情况一律用that。(1)强调句的一般疑问句式Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.? Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?(2)强调句的特殊疑问句式特殊疑问词(被强调部分)is/wasitthat/who.? Why was it that you didnt attend the meeting?What was it that made her so upset?(3)对not.until.进行强调It is/wasnot until.that. It was not until I failed in the exams that I realized I had not studied hard. 使用助动词do(does，did)强调强调句子谓语动词时，将助动词do(does，did)置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。 Do be careful！一定要细心！ He does enjoy drawing.他确实喜欢画画。 部分倒装部分倒装指的是只将be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。(1)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时句子用部分倒装。常见的这类词或短语有not，never，hardly，seldom，rarely，by no means，in no way，in no case，at no time等。 Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.(2)not only.but(also).连接两个分句，not only.置于句首时，前一个分句用部分倒装。 Not only do I enjoy less spare time，but I find myself even busier than before.(3)在no sooner.than.，hardly(scarcely).when.结构中，no sooner/hardly(scarcely)置于句首时，主句部分用部分倒装，且用过去完成时，than/when后的句子用一般过去时。 Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.No sooner had she seen him than she smiled.(4)在not.until.结构中，当not until.置于句首时，主句/句子用部分倒装。 Not until then did he know he lost his way.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(5)only强调状语置于句首时，主句/句子用部分倒装。 Only in this way can we learn English well.Only when he returned did we find out the truth.(6)so，neither，nor置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时。 We saw the film last week.So did they.I have never been abroad.Neither has he.(7)在so/such.that.句型中，so/such.置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 So moved was she that she could not say a word.Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.(8)虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should，省略连词if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前，构成部分倒装。 Were they here now，they could help us.Had you come earlier，you would have met him.(9)neither.nor.连接并列的句子，前后两个分句都要倒装。 Neither do I know what has happened，nor do I care about it. 完全倒装完全倒装指的是将谓语部分全部放在主语前面。(1)表示地点、方位的词(短语)，或there，here，now，then等置于句首，且主语是名词时用完全倒装结构。 Down came the rain.Here comes the train to Beijing.In the deep forest lies a lake，with a variety of fishes in it.On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.(2)主系表结构中的表语置于句首时。 Present at the meeting were Professor Zhang and many other guests.(3)直接引语的一部分位于句首时。 “Exactly，” said my father，shaking the old mans hand. 句子成分的省略为了句子的简洁，一部分句子成分，如主语、主谓的一部分、表语、宾语、补语等可以省略掉。 (You)Open the door，please.(You come)This way，please.Do you know Tom?I dont know(him)My room is on the third floor and his(is)on the fifth(floor)I know that we will have an English competition but I dont know when(we will have an English competition)Work hard when(you are)young or youll regret.Unless(it is)necessary youd better not refer to the dictionary.If he doesnt want to go there，dont force him to(go there)I dont go swimming now but I used to(go swimming)不定式to之后的动词是be或have时，要保留to后的be和have。 词的省略(1)宾语从句中的连词that一般可以省略；and连接两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可省略。 I hope(that)youll be fine soon.He said(that)the book was very interesting and that all the children liked to read it.(2)定语从句中的关系代词，如在从句中作宾语可省略。 Is this the reason(that)he explained at the meeting for his carelessness? 否定式和强调式 Dont be so sure.(否定式) Never come late.(否定式) Please dont forget to take your medicine.(否定式) Do come on time this evening.(强调式) 带主语的祈使句(1)为了加强感情色彩或要特别指明向谁提出命令或要求时，需加主语“you”，有时还可同时加称呼语。 Tom，you water the flowers!(2)命令/吩咐几个人分头做几件事情时，祈使句需带主语“you”，还可同时带称呼。 You，girls，clean the desks；you，boys，sweep the floor. 祈使句and陈述句If.，主句祈使句or陈述句If.not.，主句 Work hard and you will succeed.(If you work hard，you will succeed.) Hurry up or we will be late.(If you dont hurry up，we will be late.)反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时，附加问句部分用否定形式，反之亦然。附加问句部分的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定，而且主语必须是代词。 陈述部分的主语是名词时，附加问句的主语用相应的人称代词。 Your parents had a long talk with you last night，didnt they? 陈述部分主语是表示人的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语侧重全部用they，侧重个体用he。 No one was there that day，was he/were they? 陈述部分主语是表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语用it。 Everything that he says is true，isnt it? 陈述部分的主语是one时，反意疑问句的主语在正式的场合用one，在非正式场合用you。 One should be honest，shouldnt one/you? 陈述部分主语是指示代词时，反意疑问句的主语要用it或they。 This is your car，isnt it?Those are grapes，arent they? 陈述部分是there be结构时，反意疑问句仍用there。 There was a hospital here，wasnt there? 陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时，反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。 They must be sleeping then，werent they?must后接完成式，若表示对过去情况的推测，附加问句中动词用didnt；若表示对已完成情况的推测，用havent或hasnt。 陈述部分含有否定词时，反意疑问句用肯定式。 He is never late for school，is he?They seldom clean the room，do they?常见的否定词有no，never，nothing，nowhere，rarely，hardly，seldom，few，little等；若陈述部分有带否定意义词缀的派生词，如dislike，useless，unfair等，后面的附加问句仍用否定式。 陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you或wont you。 Look at the blackboard，will/wont you?Dont make any noise，will you？以Lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you；陈述部分是否定的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you或can you都可以。 陈述部分是并列句时，反意疑问句与邻近的分句一致。 She works hard and she is the best one in her factory，isnt she? 陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问句与主句一致。 When the teacher speaks in class，we have to keep quiet，dont we? 陈述部分是否定转移句式时，反意疑问句与从句一致，且用肯定形式。 I dont think he will come，will he?在回答反意疑问句时，不管其陈述句部分是肯定的还是否定的，如果事实是肯定的，回答用“yes肯定的简略句”；如果事实是否定的，回答用“no否定的简略句”，形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时，答语中的yes译成“不”，no译成“是”。They havent been told the truth，have they?Yes，they have./No，they havent.语法填空In most cities，rich or poor，_1_ is the poorer that are most at risk from floods and natural disasters.It was _2_ poor of New Orleans，nearly a third of the population，_3_ lived in the lowestlying parts of the city and suffered most _4_ hurricanes.Similarly，it was the urban poor of Honduras and its neighbors _5_ were struck hardest by Hurricane Mitch in 1998.And it is the people of the slums(贫民窟) more widely in Latin America who are most likely to be attacked.In some places，too little water，not too much，_6_(be) the problem.Chinas thirst for industry and _7_(irrigate) has combined with climate change to drain the aquifers(蓄水层)Droughts seem _8_(be) even more frequent in northern China，and southern cities such as Guangzhou are affected，too.Rivers are drying up: the Yellow River now flows to the sea for only a few weeks a year.And the rain，when it comes，is acid.To make matters _9_(bad)，the glaciers that China and India _10_(part) depend on are melting.Benefits from extra water supplies will be shortterm，and damaged by floods.1it要填的词与后面的that一起构成强调句，被强调部分是句子的主语the poorer，故填it。2the形容词前用定冠词，表示一类人；the poor“穷人”。3who所填词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指人，故用who。4fromsuffer from“忍受之苦”是固定搭配。5that/who本句是一个强调句，被强调部分是句子的主语，were struck是句子的谓语，所填词与句首的it was一起构成强调句，所以应为that/who。6is由上下文判断，句子应用一般现在时，而且其主语是too little water，所以填is。7irrigation与前面的名词industry并列作for的宾语，故填名词形式。8to beseem to do是固定用法，意为“好像”。9worseto make matters worse是固定表达，意为“更糟糕的是”。10partly修饰动词短语depend on，表示“部分地”，所以填副词partly。短文改错Dear Ms.J.K.Rowling，Glad to write to you.I like reading all of your Harry Potter book.A few days before，I listened to a radio programme about you.Now I know what was at home and in others countries that you teach English before you started writing books.I also know that only when your baby daughter was asleep you write the first book，so you worked on them for five years.What difficult the job is！Your son David and your daughter Jessica must be proud for you.I hope I can be as successful as you when I grow up.Thank you for spending time read my letter.Yours sincerely，MicheleDear Ms.J.K.Rowling，Glad to write to you.I like reading all of your Harry Potter .A few days ，I listened to a radio programme about you.Now I know was at home and in countries that you English before you started writing books.I also know that only when your baby daughter was asleep you write the first book，so you worked on for five years. difficult the job is！Your son David and your daughter Jessica must be proud you.I hope I can be as successful as you when I grow up.Thank you for spending time my letter.Yours sincerely，Michele1根据前面的代词all可知，哈利波特系列有好几本书，故用复数形式。2分析句意可知，此处指离现在几天前，须用ago。3根据句子结构分析可知，此处为强调句型作宾语从句。根据强调句型结构可知应用it，构成it is.that.。4根据后面的名词countries可知，此处为形容词作定语。5根据句子前的was和后面的started可知，此处用一般过去时。6前面用only修饰状语从句，主句须倒装；根据句意可知，表示过去的可能性，此处加could。7根据句意可知，此处指前面的the first book，须用单数。8根据后面的形容词可知，对形容词感叹须用How。9根据句意可知“对自豪”须用固定短语be proud of。10spend.(in)doing.“花费做某事”。语法填空Today，many people think it is competition _1_ is the key to success.They pursue their own personal goals _2_ no regard for the people around them.I believe such thinking is out of date.Contemporary society _3_(demand) we should cooperate with others.Only when we grow together，rather than hold each other down，_4_ real success come.In order to succeed，we must cooperate to solve problems.Today，so _5_(rapid) are information and knowledge growing that no individual can master everything.We need each other to fill in _6_ gaps in our knowledge and understanding.By _7_(be) flexible，supportive and willing to compromise，we will have _8_(much) success in our lives and careers.By cooperation，we will develop stronger relationships，_9_ are the source of happiness and satisfaction in life，_10_ achieve more.1that所填词与句首的it is一起构成强调句，被强调部分是句子的主语competition。2with此处表示“带有”意义，所以填介词with。3demands根据前后文判断，句子用一般现在时；主语是society，所填词作谓语，故用第三人称单数形式。4willonly强调when引导的时间状语从句，位于句首，主句用部分倒装；根据上下文判断句子应用一般将来时，所以本空填助动词will。5rapidly本句是so.that.引导结果状语从句，so.位于句首而形成的一个部分倒装句；so后的词用来修饰句子的谓语are growing，故用副词形式。6the特指知识与理解方面的差距，故gaps前用定冠词。7being位于介词by后，用动名词形式。8more根据后面的stronger判断，此处也应该用比较级，故填more。9which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词是relationships，故填which。10andachieve与develop是顺承关系，故填连词and。短文改错Several years ago，I had a special English lesson hold at the railway station.What different it was from the regular English classes we were familiar with.We had not any textbooks，and neither we have blackboard or fixed seats.Gathering at the entrance of the station，we were told to collect as much English words and sentences as possible here.Curious and excited，we walked around the stations and looked everywhere，search for any information in English.Whenever an English word comes into sight，the class would burst into cheers as if we had discovered a new world.It was with the Chinese translation and vividly pictures which we could figure out its meaning with ease.Several years ago，I had a special English lesson at the railway station. different it was from the regular English classes we were familiar with.We had not any textbooks，and neither we have blackboard or fixed seats.Gathering at the entrance of the station，we were told to collect as English words and sentences as possible .Curious and excited，we walked around the and looked everywhere， for any information in English.Whenever an English word into sight，the class would burst into cheers as if we had discovered a new world.It was with the Chinese translation and pictures we could figure out its meaning with ease.1根据句子结构可知，此处用过去分词作定语，指在车站上的课。2根据感叹句型结构特点可知，此处用How形容词。3根据前面的neither可知，句子须用倒装；结合前后句子的时态可知，此处加助动词did。4根据句意可知，此处修饰words而非English，故用many。5分析句意可知，指车站那里，应用there。6从文章内容中可以看出，此处就是特指前文提到的那个车站，须用单数形式。7分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语；根据动词search与we和look的关系可知，为主动、伴随行为，用ing形式。8分析句意可知，此处指过去那时候的情景，须用一般过去时。9根据后面的pictures可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词。10分析句子结构可知，此句为强调句型，连接词须用that。语法填空Once upon a time there was a famous sea captain.So successful was the captain at what he did _1_ he guided merchant ships all over the world.Never _2_ stormy seas or pirates get the best of(打败) him.He was admired by his crew and fellow captains.However，there _3_(be) one thing different about this captain.Every morning he went through a strange ceremony.He would lock _4_ in his captains quarters and open a small safe.In the safe was _5_ envelope with a piece of paper inside.He would stare at the paper for a minute，and then lock it back up.Afterwards，he _6_ go about his daily duties.For years this went on，and his crew became very curious.Was it a treasure map？Was it a letter from a long _7_(lose) love？Everyone guessed about the contents of the strange envelope._8_ was not until the captain died at sea that the secret was discovered.After laying the captains body to rest，the first mate(助手) led the entire crew into the captains quarters.He opened the safe，_9_(get) the envelope，opened it and.The first mate turned pale because he found the captain could not tell the difference between two important words.He showed the paper _10_ the others.Four words were on the paper；two lines with two words each：PortLeft.StarboardRight.1that考查倒装结构 so.that.“如此以致”。2did以never开头的句子用部分倒装。文章用的是一般过去时，所以用did。3wasthere be 结构，意为“有”。4himself此处表示“船长把自己锁在船长室里。”，应用反身代词。5an句意：保险箱里有一个装着一张纸的信封。表示数量“一”，用不定冠词；envelope是以元音音素开头的，故用an。6would当空格后的谓语动词为原形，且与文章的时态不一致时，考虑填情态动词或助动词。根据上一句的谓语动词would stare可知，本句也填would，表示过去的一种习惯动作。7lost过去分词作定语，修饰名词love。8It句意：直到船长在海上去世这个秘密才被发现。考查强调结构：It is被强调部分that。9gotgot与前后两个opened为并列谓语，所以也用一般过去时。10to表示“把某物给某人看” 用show sth.to sb.。短文改错Dear Tom，What time flies！We will have to say goodbye after a week，but I will never forget the beautiful days when we spent together.In my memory，you are such kind a person that you will always offer me help wherever I get into trouble.You are the most considerate person who knows exactly what I need in our class.You still remember that night twenty years ago，didnt you？When I suddenly fell ill，you carried me to the nearest hospital.Moreover，I was careful looked after by you while stayed in hospital.Later，you managed to help me with my lessons.Without your help，I cannot have passed the exam.Though we are parting soon，but I will keep the favors youve ever done me in mind.Best regards.JimDear Tom， time flies！We will have to say goodbye a week，but I will never forget the beautiful days 或 we spent together.In my memory，you are kind a person that you will always offer me help I get into trouble.You are the most considerate person who knows exactly what I need in our class.You still remember that night twenty years ago， you？When I suddenly fell ill，you carried me to the nearest hospital.Moreover，I was looked after by you while in hospital.Later，you managed to help me with my lessons.Without your help，I have passed the exam.Though we are parting soon， I will keep the favors youve ever done me in mind.Best regards.Jim1感叹句对fly感叹须用