高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解专题选练（二）

贵州绥阳县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮专题选练（二）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2014长春模拟)While tofu is a household name in Asia, it has still not been completely accepted into the Western kitchen. When it arrived in the West, tofu found itself sitting alone in the food playground, ignored by the other kids. And when tofu did make friends, it was only with the open-minded, peace-loving vegetarians sometimes referred to as“hippies”. Why is it that such a staple(主要的)ingredient in the East has been subject to(遭受)such discrimination in the West? Well, tofu quite literally(简直)missed the boat. Tofu originated in China some 2, 000 years ago. But when the Europeans first arrived in China they ignored it. While rice was embraced with open arms and brought home with popular acclaim(称赞), tofu followed later and with much less success. Growing up in Australia I only had a vague notion of what tofu was. It was just last year, when I lived in the Dutch town of Maastricht, that we were really introduced. In that town, lots of students choose to live in“squats”old run-down factories rented out for very cheap prices. One of these squats holds a“Vegan Dinner”every Monday. In the dishes served there, tofu was a staple and I found that I quite liked it! Slowly but surely tofu is becoming accepted into mainstream Western cooking circles. In March, the singer Justin Timberlake dressed up in a tofu suit for a sketch(短剧)on NBCs show Saturday Night Live to promote the silky food. And notable UK food experts such as Nigel Slater and Fuchsia Dunlop are singing tofus praises as well. As Slater writes in an article published in The Guardian, “I think the Chinese know what they are talking about and I must give their beloved dou-fu(yet)another chance”. He found that when cooked with chilli, garlic and ginger, tofu was a very welcome guest at his dinner party! 【文章大意】豆腐越来越受西方人的青睐, 它是怎样做到如此受欢迎的呢? 1. When tofu was introduced to the West, it. A. was not accepted, just like riceB. was well-received mostly by hippiesC. was difficult to find things to cook with itD. was viewed as a toy instead of food【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知B为正确答案。2. The phrase“missed the boat”in the second paragraph probably means“”. A. failed to take advantage of an opportunityB. was in the same situationC. experienced a big changeD. drew much attention【解析】选A。词义猜测题。上文提到了豆腐在西方遭遇歧视, 而下文又进一步提到了当欧洲人把大米和豆腐先后带到西方时, 大米遇到了优待, 而豆腐则错失良机, 没有那么成功, 所以missed the boat表示“没有利用好机会, 错失良机”, 故选A。3. The first time the author tasted tofu in Maastricht, she. A. had already eaten it in AustraliaB. developed a love for itC. felt it was not her cup of teaD. found that she had expected too much from it【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话可知B为正确答案。4. By quoting Slater in the last paragraph, the author intends to show. A. it is beneficial to eat tofu now and thenB. a new creative way to cook tofu has been praisedC. tofu is becoming a staple at Western dinner partiesD. tofu is becoming popular in the West【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后一段的中心句是该段的首句, 下文以Justin Timberlake和food experts such as Nigel Slater and Fuchsia Dunlop为例来说明豆腐在西方日渐流行, 故答案为D。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Five Olympic mascots were announced exactly 1000 days before the Beijing Olympic opening ceremony. The long-anticipated mascots represent four of Chinas most popular animals the fish, the panda, the Tibetan antelope and the swallow .The fifth mascot is the brightly burning Olympic flame. Each of the mascots has a repeated two-syllable name. This type of name is a traditional way of showing affection for children in China. BeiBei is the fish, JingJing is the panda, HuanHuan is the Olympic flame, YingYing is the Tibetan antelope and NiNi is the swallow. The first characters of their two-syllable names read “Beijing Huanying Ni,” or, in English, “Welcome to Beijing.”The five elements of nature, including the sea, forest, fire, earth and sky are found in the mascots origins and headpieces. These special headpieces also display the folk and culture of China. Each mascot also symbolizes a different blessing -prosperity, happiness, passion, health and good luck.It is the first time more than three mascots will share the important duty of representing their host country. Han Meilin, chief of the mascot design team explained that, “China has such a rich culture that no single mascot could possibly represent it! That is why we chose to produce five mascots instead of one.”Called the “Five Friendlies,” the figures embody（体现） the Chinese peoples hope for peace and friendship in the world and the spirit of the Olympics, representing not only multi-ethnic(多民族的) cultures of China, but also the traditional Chinese philosophy of harmony between humans and nature.In order to help Beijing 2008 spread its theme of One World, One Dream to every continent, the Five Friendlies reflect the deep desire of the Chinese people to reach out to the world in friendship through the Games and to invite every man, woman and child to take part in the great celebration of human union in 2008.16. Whats the theme of Beijing 2008 Olympics?A. Welcome to Beijing.B. Prosperity, Happiness, Passion, Health and Good luck.C. New Beijing, New Olympics.D. One World, One Dream.17. What did Han Meilin, chief of the mascot design team, think of the five mascots?A. He thought highly of the five mascots.B. No single mascot could represent China.C. The five mascots represented the culture of China.D. They would reflect the desire of Chinese people.18. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Its for the first time that five mascots are chosen to represent their host country in the Olympic history.B. One of the five mascots YingYing stands for the Olympic flame.C. Beijing announced its five 2008 Olympic mascots just 1000 days before the big event.D. The five mascots express affection for Chinese children by two-syllable names.19. Which of the following best reflects the main idea of the passage?A. The 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008.B. The theme of 2008 Beijing Olympics One World, One Dream.C. The significance of five 2008 Olympic mascots the Five Friendlies.D. How the Five Fantastic Mascots came into being.20. What do the five mascots the Five Friendlies represent?A. “Beijing Huanying Ni,” or, in English, “Welcome to Beijing.”B. Chinese multi-ethnic cultures, philosophy of harmony between humans and nature and five elements of nature.C. Chinese peoples hope for peace and friendship in the world and the spirit of the Olympics.D. The deep desire of the Chinese people to reach out to the world in friendship through the Olympics. 全解全析本文主要讲述了北京2008年奥运会吉祥物的内在含义。D. 细节理解题。文章末段首句提到了北京奥运会的主题。A. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可以得知吉祥物设计组组长韩美林给予北京奥运会吉祥物高度评价。B. 细节理解题。利用排除法，由文章第二段第三句话可知B项中的YingYing应为HuanHuan。C. 主旨大意题。纵观全文，不难归纳出文章主要介绍了北京2008年奥运会的吉祥物的含义。B. 推理判断题。文章第三、五段主要讲述了吉祥物的象征意义。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语二模试题】 Its 8:00 amJames Butters gives,18-month-old Thomas his milk，then breakfastAfter getting Thomas into his outdoor clothes， they head for the park to watch birds and play on the grassWith lunchtime drawing near，theyre back home for an afternoon of drawing， playing with cars，or maybe watching some childrens programs James isnt ThomasdadHe is a nanny(保姆)-a man nanny obviously，humorously termed a“manny”specially trained and in his third nannying positionAt 27，he cares for Thomas，and another boy of a simliar age“Its much freer than an office job，”he says， and youre getting to see children develop and growYou become very close to them，for sureI dont think Im special or better than a woman nanny; everyone has their own ap- proachBut Im unusualFriends laughed when I started studying nursery nursingIn my class,I was the only man among 70 womenSomehow，I made it，”he said Although its not yet common to find men in traditional nannying courses，things are changingIn the United States，parents are employing young mannies，sometimes to care for babies，but more often as active role models to get their children away from the TV and the computerFrom rollerblading(轮滑)friends to summer swimming mannies，these are the big brothers who are always willing to play，largely because theyre paid for itIt is catching on here in Britain，tooEarlier this year，Norland Nanny College welcomed its first full-time man student，19-year-old Peter Cummins in Wales.While some families find it difficult to accept the idea of a young man in a traditional nannying role，man nannies are increasingly popular51What is the author trying to tell us in the first paragraph?AJames Butters and his 18-month-old sonBHow to get small children close to youCJames Butterstypical day as a nannyDProper ways to look after children52What can we learn from the second paragraph?AJames Butters is a new nanny with no experienceBJames Butters is looking after 3 children at presentCJames Butters is better at looking after children than womenDJames Butters is a man with courage and determination53Why are young mannies becoming popular in the United States?AThey are good at playing computer gamesB.They can get boys in more healthy activitiesC.They are better trained than women for their jobsDThey can protect the boys like big brothers54Whos going to become a new man nanny soon?AJames Butters BThomas CNorland DPeterCummins55Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AA New Profession for Men BChanges in TraditionCMannies and Nannies DBabies and Their Mannies【参考答案】CDBDA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, where as if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary(当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.When older people become senile (衰老的) or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (疗养的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping (倒垃圾的) grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel.1. The author believes that the population explosion results from _.A. an increase in birthrates B. the industrial developmentC. a decrease in death ratesD. human beings cultural advances 2. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures _.A. it was a moral responsibility for the families to keep alive the aged people who could not workB. the survival of infants was less important than that of their parents in times of starvationC. old people were given the task of imparting the cultural wisdom of the tribe to new generationsD. death was celebrated as a time of rejoicing for an individual freed of the hardships of life 3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the old people in the United States is true?A. Many of them live on social security money which is hardly enough.B. Minority of them remain in a state of near poverty after their retirement.C. When they reach a certain age, compulsory retirement is necessary and beneficial.D. With the growing inflation, they must suffer more from unbearable burdens than ever.4. The phrase “this need” in paragraph 3 refers to _. A. prolonging the dying old peoples livesB. reducing the problems caused by the retired peopleC. making profits through caring for the sick or weak peopleD. taking care of the sick or weak people5. Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals?A. Sympathetic. B. Approving. C. Optimistic. D. Critical. 全解全析 CBADD 本文分析了人口增长的真正原因及美国的老年人问题。1. C。细节题。根据文章第 1 段最后一句 it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion 可推知此题答案为 C。2. B。推断题。根据文章第 2 段第 4 句 infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, where as if the parents survived they could have another child可推知此题答案为 B。3. A。细节题。根据文章第 2 段倒数第 2 句In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty 可推知此题答案为 A。4. D。推断题。根据其上文 there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person 可推知此题答案为 D。5. D。推断题。根据文章最后一句 most of them are simply “dumping grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel 可推知此题答案为 D。