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,1. aid First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. (P33)急救就是在找到医生之前给予突然生病或受伤的人的一种临时性的帮助。 A concert was given in aid of the flooded areas. 为了帮助洪涝灾区，举行了一次音乐会。,He is a warm-hearted man who has aided many poor people. 他是个已帮助了许多穷苦人的热心人。 The old man was walking along the road slowly with the aid of his stick. 那位老人拄着拐杖沿着街慢慢地走。 They aided us in solving/to solve the problem. 他们帮助我们解决了这个问题。,aid作名词，意为： 帮助，援助，资助 with the aid of. . . 在的帮助下 in aid of 为了帮助 aid作动词，意为： 帮助，援助，资助 aid sb. in doing sth. 在方面帮助某人 aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事,help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist in sth. /doing sth. 帮助做某事,单句改错 The family lived on government aids for two years. _ We may travel on/under the aid of a good map. _ Weve aided him finish the work ahead of time. _ 答案：aidsaid on/underwith finishto finish或in finishing,完成句子 With the aid of (在的帮助下)our teachers, we have made great progress in English. (aid) They collect money in aid of (为帮助)the poor. (aid),We were greatly _ in our investigation by the cooperation of the police. A. exposed B. aided C. submitted D. switched 【解析】选B。句意：通过与警察合作，我们在调查研究中得到了他们的大力帮助。expose使暴露； aid帮助、援助，可构成短语“aid sb. in doing sth. ”； submit递交、呈递；switch开关、转换。,The young nurse was very nervous when she _ in the first operation. A. resisted B. insisted C. restricted D. assisted 【解析】选D。句意：这个年轻的护士首次帮忙做手术时非常紧张。resist抵抗，反抗；insist坚持；restrict限制、约束；assist帮助，以助手的地位去协助某人完成某事。,2. fall ill You will fall ill if you lack sleep. 如果你缺乏睡眠，你会生病的。 fall ill意为：生病,fall down跌倒，滑倒 fall over摔倒，跌倒 fall behind落后 fall asleep睡着 fall off掉落 fall in love with爱上 Tom has been ill for one week. 汤姆已经病了一周了。,As she the _ newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 【解析】选B。由句意“在她读着报纸的时候，奶奶睡着了”可知答案为B。fall asleep是瞬间动词词组，不可以用进行时。,How long has your grandma _? About three months. A. fallen ill B. been ill C. fall ill D. be ill 【解析】选B。fall ill是非延续性的动词短语，因此不可与一段时间连用。,3. injury Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives. (P33) 通常这种病或伤害都不是太严重，但在一些其他情况下迅速给予急救就能挽救生命。,Smoking does an injury to his health. 吸烟的确对他的健康有害。 Dont injure yourself with that tool. 不要让那工具伤害到你。 He got injured in a traffic accident. 他在一次交通事故中受了伤。,injury 作名词，意为： 损伤，伤害 do an injury to sb. 对某人造成伤害 injure 作动词，意为： 损伤，伤害 get injured 负伤，受伤,根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空。 Some people were injured in an accident yesterday, and the injury was serious. The people present took the injured to the hospital nearby quickly. (injury) Dont be so vain, or you will do a great injury _ yourself sooner or later. A. in B. to C. on D. at 【解析】选B。句意：不要那么自负，否则你迟早会给自己 带来伤害的。do an injury to sb. 意为“对某人造成伤害”。,At the pub, Ryan removed his shirt and showed his old war _ to us. 2012宁波高二检测 A. hurt B. wound C. injury D. damage 【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。hurt 与injury 都可指意外的伤害；damage指损失，损害；wound特指战场上的受伤，因此选B。,选词填空(injure/hurt/wound) Ten soldiers were killed and thirty seriously wounded . He was deeply hurt by her dishonesty. In the traffic accident ten were killed and eight were injured .,4. poison You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays. (P33) 皮肤有三层，像是屏障, 可以防病、防毒、抵御有害的太阳光线。 Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities. 汽车放出的废气在污染我们城市的空气。,poison 作名词，意为：毒药，毒害 poison 作动词，意为：毒害，使中毒 She was bitten on the ankle by a poisonous snake. 她被一 条毒蛇咬中了脚踝。(poisonous 作形容词，意为：引起中毒 的，有毒的 ) The person who is poisoned should be sent to the hospital at once. 中毒的人应该马上被送往医院。(poisoned 作形容词，意 为：中毒的，中过毒的 ),用poison，poisonous，poisoned填空 Some villagers are poisoned by eating this kind of white poisonous mushrooms. 一些村民因为吃了这种白色的毒蘑菇而中毒。 Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead mans stomach. 在死者胃中找到了少量的毒药。,To avoid breathing in poisonous gas，they didnt move into the newly decorated house immediately. 为避免吸入有毒气体，他们没有立即搬到新装修的房子里。 Selfishness is a _ that is spreading through the society. A. drug B. waste C. poison D. threat 【解析】选C。句意：自私是正在社会蔓延的一种毒药。poison毒药；drug药；waste浪费；threat威胁。,5. squeeze out(P34) She squeezed the water out of her swimming suit. 她把泳衣的水挤出来。 The room was crowded, but I managed to squeeze in. 房间已经挤满了人, 不过我还是设法挤了进去。,squeeze out 意为：榨出，挤出 squeeze sth. from/out of. . . 意为：从挤(榨)出 squeeze in/into 意为：挤入,Then wash it with clean water that is a little warm. Gently squeeze out (挤出)the extra water. The train was full but I managed to squeeze in (挤进) anyway.,He was so fat that he could only just _ the door. A. squeeze of B. squeeze through C. squeeze out D. squeeze onto 【解析】选B。句意：他太胖了，仅仅只能从门口挤过去。此题要结合语言环境，“从门里通过”，要用介词through。,Time is like the water in the sponge. If you like，it can still be _. A. squeezed out B. picked out C. left out D. wore out 【解析】选A。squeeze out挤出；pick out挑出；leave out空出，遗漏；wear out穿破，耗尽。句意：时间就像海绵里的水。只要愿挤，总还是有的。,6. in place Hold the bandage in place with tape. (P35)用胶布把绷带固定好。 I wish everything could be in place . 我希望所有的东西都放在合适的地方。 I dont think his advice in place . 我认为他的意见不正确。,in place意为：在适当的位置，适当 be in/out of order 有条理/无条理，坏了 be in/out of control 正常/失控 be in/out of danger 有危险/脱离危险 in place of. . . 代替，取代 take the place of=take ones place 代替，取代 give place to 被取代，让位于 out of place 不在适当的位置，不合适,What you said at the meeting was not quite _. To many audiences, it was totally _. A. in the place; out of the place B. in place; out of place C. in the place; out of place D. in place; out of the place,【解析】选B。句意：在会议上你所说的不是十分正确，对许多的观众来讲，那是完全不合适的。in place在适当的位置，适当；in/out of the place不是固定短语；out of place不在适当的位置，不合适。,Its a good habit to keep everything _ in your study. A. in the way B. in place C. in hand D. in case 【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：把书房里的所有物品都放在适当的位置是个好习惯。in the way阻碍，挡道；in place放在适当的位置；in hand在手头，在进行中；in case万一，如果。,7. pour Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. (P35) 山姆弄破了水泡，把从冰箱里拿出来的冰水倒在皮肤上。 The chimney was pouring out black smoke. 烟囱里冒出滚滚黑烟。,If you pour your heart and soul into what you do，youre sure to be successful! 如果你能把全部身心都投入到你所做的事情中，你一定能成功！ It never rains but it pours. 不下则已，下则倾盆大雨。,pour可作及物和不及物动词，意为：倒，灌，注，涌， 下大雨 pour ones heart and soul into sth. 意为：全神贯注于,In developing countries people are _ into overcrowded cities in great numbers. A. breaking B. filling C. pouring D. hurrying 【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。in great numbers表示数量大，含“蜂拥而入”之意，故C吻合，A、B、D三词都没有“大量”之意，故排除。,Look! How long _ like this? Three weeks! Its usual here that rain _ without stopping these days of the year. A. has it rained; pours B. has it been raining; pours C. is it raining; is pouring D. does it rain; pours,【解析】选B。结合pour考查时态。由how long判断问句需要用进行时态；由Its usual here 及these days of the year判断答句用一般现在时。,8. You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals. (P34) 你可能由于不同的原因而灼伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或化学物品。,“get +p. p. ”结构中get已经失去了原来的意义，而接近be的功能。但同“be+ p. p. ”相比，它更强调动作的结果，体现动作性，含有被动意义，但不强调被动。 She got badly injured in the accident. 她在这次事故中受了重伤。 I know they are married, but I dont know when they got married. 我知道他们结婚了，但是我不知道他们什么时候结的婚。,get burned烧伤/烫伤；get lost迷路；get hurt受伤；get lost迷路；get paid拿工资；get married结婚；get killed被杀死；get separated分散；get damaged遭到破坏；get drowned被淹死； get dressed穿衣服；get caught in陷入/遭到；get broken破碎了/断了,用所给词的正确形式完成句子 Though the employees worked very hard, they often couldnt get paid on time. (pay) The couple got married last year. (marry) His reputation didnt get damaged for his careless remark. (damage) The glass of the window was broken by that naughty boy. (break),When you get lost , you can judge the direction by the sun. (lose) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car. A. have B. get C. become D. turn 【解析】选B。句意：穿过这条繁忙的街道时，务必要小心，否则你会被汽车轧着的。“get +及物动词的过去分词”是被动语态的一种表达形式，多用于口语中，常用来表示突然、偶然、意外发生的情况，而其余各项则不能构成被动语态。,1. cause causes of burns (P34)烧伤的原因 His illness caused him to miss the game. 生病使得他错过了那场比赛。 The boy caused his teacher a lot of trouble. 男孩给他的老师带来了许多麻烦。,cause作名词，意为：原因，起因 cause 作动词，意为：导致，引起，成为的原因 cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 cause sb. sth. = cause sth. to sb. 给某人带来,用reason/cause/excuse填空 The cause of the fire was carelessness. Tell us your reason for changing the plan. Too much work is no excuse for absence. 句子翻译 Ice on the road was the cause of the accident. 路上结冰是造成车祸的原因。,是什么引起了那次事故？What caused the accident? After the meeting they carried out a research into the _ of the damage to avoid a similar one. A. ends B. results C. effects D. causes 【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意：会议之后他们展开了对破坏起因的研究以避免类似的破坏。the cause of 的起因/原因。,The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _ of global climate change. 2011福建高考 A. result B. cause C. warning D. reflection 【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。result 结果；cause 起因，原因；warning 警告；reflection 反映。句意：公众缺乏环保的好习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。,2. swell First degree burns dry，red and mildly swollen(P34)一度烧伤：干燥，发红，微肿 The heavy rain swelled the river. 大雨使河水上涨。,swell作动词，意为：(使)膨胀，隆起 过去式是：swelled ；过去分词是：swollen (作形容词时， 意为：肿胀的 ),翻译句子 His knee began to swell after his fall. 他跌倒后膝盖肿了起来。 Wood often swells when wet. 当受潮时，木头会膨胀。 她的腿肿得很厉害。 Her leg has swollen badly.,3. over and over again Many students may ask this question over and over again，especially those who are not good at English. 很多学生可能会反复地问这个问题，尤其是那些英语水平不高的学生。 over and over again意为：反复，多次,翻译句子 She kissed her baby over and over again and then left. 她一遍又一遍地亲吻她的孩子然后离开了。 If you fail again and again，please dont give up. Success will not be far. 如果你一次又一次地失败了，请不要放弃。成功就在前方不 远处。,Time and again, however, hopes have turned out to be failures. 然而，一次又一次，希望最终成为了失败。,What to do if a fire starts? Imagine its late at night. You hear the smoke detectors go off. You smell smoke when you wake up. Do you know what to do? If a fire starts in your home, remember your escape plan and leave as quickly as possible. Keep the following things in mind to make a safe escape.,A,Call “Fire! ” to warn everyone in your family. If you know where the fire is, close as many doors as possible between you and the fire. If youre in bed, roll out of bed and onto the floor. Crawl on the floor next to a wall. Being near the ground makes it easier to breathe. If possible, cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth.,Feel the entire surface of a door before you open it. If the door is warm or hot, do not open it. The fire is probably right outside your room. Find another way to leave the room. If the door is cool, open it a little. Look out and try to see the fire. If it is safe, leave the room. Remember to stay on the floor. If your clothes catch fire, stop immediately. Drop to the ground and roll. Remember：Stop, drop and roll. Call the fire department from outside and wait for help to arrive.,1What is the first thing you should do if a fire starts in your home? ACall the fire department. BCall“Fire! ”to warn your family members. CCollect your favorite belongings to save from the burning house. DHave a white sheet from a window to let the fire department know where to go.,【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章提到了七步火中逃生的措施，其中第一步即是把火情告知家人。而A项是从家里逃生之后才发生的。C、D两项没有在文章中涉及。,2What should you do if a fire starts and you are in bed? AJump out of bed and run away. BRoll out of bed and stand on the floor. CStay in bed and then jump out of the window. DRoll out of bed and onto the floor. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章的第三步逃生措施中的“If youre in bed, roll out of bed and onto the floor. ”可知答案选D。,3What is NOT true according to the passage? ANever go back into a burning building. BIf your clothes catch fire, stop moving immediately. CYou should call the fire department before you leave the burning building. DCover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth if possible. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由文章的最后一句话“Call the fire department from outside and wait for help to arrive. ”可知答案C本身是错误的。,In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back.,B,Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they cant stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen(充血红肿) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”.,Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness(意识) and fell to the floor.,Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency. 4. Electronic games are found very popular with _. A. people living in towns B. students studying in high schools C. girls working in their fathers workshops D. young people 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据首段In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing. . . 可知答案选 D。,5. “Space Warriors Wrist” is caused by _. A. constantly pressing the buttons B. rapidly moving across the screen C. tightly holding the joystick controls D. inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist 【解析】选A。细节理解题。 根据第二段 They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. . . This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”. 可知其根源是不停地按按钮，故选答案 A。,6. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer _. A. supports playing electronic games B. feels very sorry for the girl C. disagrees with young peoples playing electronic games D. feels worried about young peoples poor health,【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. 可知作者把这个情况称为更加令人惊恐的，显示了作者不赞同青少年玩电子游戏，故选 C。,7. From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _. A. enjoyable and helpful to the study B. exciting but harmful to the health and study C. interesting but harmless to the eyes D. amusing and satisfying 【解析】选B。推理判断题。阅读全文可知玩电子游戏的主要是正处于长身体和学习阶段的青少年，玩电子游戏富于刺激性，但是侵占了学习时间，还会得 “Space Warriors Wrist” 等病，损害了身体健康，故选答案 B。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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