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,1. contribute 阅读下列句子，并在其后的括号内填入contribute (to)的含义 a. 捐助；帮助 b. 投稿；撰稿 c. 促进 d. 有助于 e. 是的原因；导致 Various factors contributed to his downfall. ( e ) She has been contributing to the paper for 5 years. ( b ),The rich man contributed to the children in poor areas. ( a ) Your suggestion has contributed to the accomplishment of our work. ( c ) This policy will contribute to further development of our economy. ( d ),contribution是contribute的名词形式。 make a contribution (to)=contribute (to), 意为：(为)做出贡献,看图说话(结合图片翻译句子) Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote an article about the story and contributed it to a newspaper.,许多人给那位可怜的男孩捐款，这促使他重返校园。有位作家写了一篇有关此事的文章并投稿到报社。,2. apart from Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. (P4) 除了上面提到的结构，你还学过以下短语。,Apart from them, I have no one to talk to. 除了他们，我没有人交流谈心。 It is a good piece of work apart from a few slight faults. 这是一个不错的作品，只是有几处轻微的毛病。,apart from有三种基本的意义 apart from=besides，意思是：除之外(还有)；此外 apart from=but/except, 意思是：除了之外(没有) apart from=except for，意思是：除了；只是,_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. 2011福建高考 A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless of 【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了好的服务，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统的福建菜。far from远非，远不如；apart from除之外；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意选B。,I almost knew nothing about the accident_ the report about it in the newspaper. A. besides B. except for C. apart from D. except that 【解析】选C。句意：除了报纸上对事故的报道之外，我几乎对它一无所知。apart from 除之外，符合句意。besides除之外还有；except for除去不同类的东西；except that意义同except for，但其后接从句。, _ being too large, it just doesnt suit me. A. Except B. Except for C. In addition D. Apart from 【解析】选D。句意：除了尺寸太大外，它也不适合我穿。apart from在本句中相当于besides，意为“除了之外”。,3. make sense This sentence doesnt make sense/makes no sense. 这句子毫无意义。 It makes sense to take care of your health. 注意身体健康是明智的。,make sense 意为：讲得通；有意义；有道理。 make no sense 意为：讲不通；没有意义；没有道理。,make sense of. . . 了解的意义；懂得 a sense of humor/direction/fear 幽默感/方向感/恐惧感 common sense 常识 in a sense 在某种意义上 in no sense 决不(位于句首表示强调时， 句子的主谓要用部分倒装) There is no sense in (doing) sth. 做某事没有道理/意义,The conclusion is in no sense scientific. =In no sense is the conclusion scientific. 这个结论决不是科学的。,Can you _ the point? If you can, please explain to me. A. make sense of B. make difference to C. make a remark on D. have an effect on 【解析】选A。句意：你懂得这个要点吗？如果懂，请你给我解释一下。make sense of懂得；make difference to有影响；有关系；make a remark on发表评论；批评；have an effect on影响。,What he said _. He knows nothing about the economy. A. make some sense B. makes some sense C. make no sense D. doesnt make any sense 【解析】选D。句意：他的话没有任何意义。对于经济他一无所知。make no sense“没有意义，讲不通”，但C项应该用第三人称单数形式，故答案为D。,现在担心这件事已经没有意义了。(一句多译) A. It doesnt make any sense/makes no sense to worry about it now. B. There is no sense in worrying about it now.,4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (P7) 只有把太阳放在那个位置，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。 这是一个倒装句。当“only状语”置于句首时，句子的主谓采用部分倒装。,Only then did I realize that I was wrong. (only+副词) 直到那时我才意识到我错了。 Only in this way can we learn a foreign language well. (only介词短语) 只有这样我们才能学好外语。 Only when he returned did we find the truth. (only状语从句) 只有当他回来时，我们才弄明白事实真相。,Only if you practice enough will you (你们才会) defeat your opponents. If only you had attended our evening party (你要是参加我们的晚会就好了). We had a good time.,If only you _ there joining us yesterday! A. are B. were C. had been D. be 【解析】选C。if only后接与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语动词用had done。句意：你昨天要是和我们一块就好了!, _ you eat the correct food_ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will 【解析】选A。考查倒装句的用法。句意：只有在你饮食正确的条件下，你才能保持健康。only用于句首和条件状语连用时，后面使用倒装结构。,5. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth . (P7) 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。,这是一个较复杂的简单句。(1)过去分词fixed在句中作定语，修饰名词sun；(2)with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth，是两个“with+名词/代词+v. -ing形式”复合结构，在句中作状语，the moon前面省略了介词with。,Come on; please give me some ideas about the project. 快点，请给我一些有关这个项目的建议。 Sorry. With so much work filling my mind, I almost break down. 很抱歉，脑子里装这么多的工作，我几乎要垮掉了。,你知道with复合结构的具体构成形式吗?,【知识链接】 with复合结构在句中作定语或状语，其构成是：,With you standing here (站在这儿), we cant be absorbed into our job. (stand) Deng Xiaoping got off the bus, with his daughter supporting him (搀扶着他). (support), _of the danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend _ her. A. Warned; followed B. Warned; following C. Having warned; followed D. Having warned; following 【解析】选B。主语she与warn之间为被动关系，warned. . . 作原因状语；a friend与follow之间为主动关系，用现在分词，with复合结构作方式状语。,I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_ . A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 【解析】选A。考查“with +复合宾语”结构。noise与go on之间为主动关系，而且表示进行，因此选A。,With the meal over，we all went home. 吃完了饭，我们都回了家。 With all the dishes washed, she took a rest. 刷完了所有的碗碟，她休息了一下。 I cant go out with a lot of problems to solve . 我不能出去，因为有很多问题需要解决。,Im used to sleeping with the windows open. 我习惯于开着窗户睡觉。 The street looks more beautiful with all the lights on. 所有的灯都亮着，街道看起来更加漂亮。 He was sleeping with his head on his arm. 脑袋枕着胳膊，他睡着了。,1. cautious His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. (P7) 他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世，但哥白尼却很谨慎。,Life is a chess and we should be cautious of/about taking every step. 人生就是一盘棋，我们要谨慎走好每一步棋。,cautious的意思是：小心的；谨慎的。 be cautious about/of. . . “对小心；留意；谨防” 。,The economic situation is worse at present. You should always be _ about making investments. A. enthusiastic B. optimistic C. cautious D. careful 【解析】选C。句意：目前经济形势更糟了，你在投资时应该小心谨慎。cautious小心的(侧重考虑事情后果)；enthusiastic热心的；热情的；optimistic乐观的；careful小心的(侧重做事细心、留心)。,用cautious，careful填空 He is cautious of telling the secret. You have to be careful with people you dont know. The doctor gave the patient a careful examination. But he was very cautious of telling him the truth. He studies hard and is very careful with his study.,2. reject The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked. (P7) 基督教会不接受他的理论，说它违背上帝的意愿，支持它的人会遭到报应的。 All apples with soft spots were rejected. 所有带软斑点的苹果都被剔除。,reject作为及物动词，意为：拒绝；不接受；抛弃。,用reject，refuse的适当形式填空 We rejected his idea for a music club， and decided to have an art club instead. They refused to accept our offer of help. We were going to set off immediately, but the truck refused to start. It is hard for me to reject some bad habits.,The shop assistant brought out a pile of rejected clothes for him to choose from. The patients body rejected the heart transplant (心脏移植). I wrote a letter to him asking for help, but I was refused.,In the year 1666 there was a terrible disease in London. Thousands of people died every week. The disease was 1 by fleas(跳蚤), which lived in clothes. When people started to feel 2 , they sneezed (打喷嚏). Then they had a headache and had a high temperature, and in less than a week they died. The village of Eyam is in the north of England. People there heard of the terrible 3 in London. They were very 4 that London was so far away.,One day a man arrived from 5 . He brought with him lots of different things to 6 . Among these things there was some cloth. On it were the 7 “Made in London”. Two days later, a boy sneezed. He said he had a 8 . Nobody worried much，but soon he was 9 with a high temperature. The next day, the boy 10 died, and another two people 11 to sneeze. At once the village people held a meeting to 12 what to do. An old man said, “If people run away from this village, they 13 carry the disease with them. Then the disease will be carried to other 14 and thousands of people will die. We must 15 other people outside our village dont 16 this terrible disease”.,The people of Eyam 17 the old man. In this way they 18 the population of the other villages from the terrible disease. 19 , 40% of the population of Eyam died from the disease. The disease itself 20 . The people who were still living were able to visit people outside the village again.,1. A. took B. brought C. spread D. carried 【解析】选D。构成被动语态was carried by. . . ，而动词spread通常用作不及物动词。 2. A. sad B. ill C. worried D. nervous 【解析】选B。根据上下文可知，只有当人们生病的时候，才会有下文中提到的情况。,3. A. disease B. earthquake C. flood D. fighting 【解析】选A。伦敦发生的可怕疾病(illness/disease )。 4. A. happy B. sad C. frightened D. surprised 【解析】选A。结合上下文，London距离Eyam村庄很远，这有利于阻止疾病的蔓延，因而人们很高兴。,5. A. Paris B. New York C. London D. Berlin 【解析】选C。根据短文下面的介绍，这个村庄的疾病正是由这个来自伦敦的人带来的，以及下文Made in London也可知答案。 6. A. sell B. give C. show D. send 【解析】选A。根据情景可知，这个人是来这个村庄卖东西的。,7. A. sentence B. phrase C. words D. letters 【解析】选C。根据前面的系动词用were，可知主语是复数人称形式，因此用words, 而letters不符合句意。 8. A. toothache B. earache C. stomachache D. headache 【解析】选D。根据前面介绍，得这种病时会头痛和发高烧。,9. A. in the classroom B. in the office C. at his desk D. in bed 【解析】选D。be in bed表示“病得卧床不起”。 10. A. quickly B. suddenly C. early D. immediately 【解析】选B。副词suddenly表示“突然”，说明出乎人们预料。 11. A. wanted B. decided C. started D. continued 【解析】选C。根据句意，应是开始出现打喷嚏的症状。,12. A. discuss B. talk C. say D. see 【解析】选A。村民们聚集到一起显然是讨论或商议如何采取措施来遏制疾病的蔓延。 13. A. must B. may C. should D. need 【解析】选B。may表示存在的可能性，因为那时并非人人都感染了疾病。,14. A. cities B. places C. villages D. countries 【解析】选B。这些村民如果外出，可能去的地方很多，不会局限于某一类地点。 15. A. help B. tell C. make promise D. make sure 【解析】选D。构成短语make sure，表示“确保，保证”。,16. A. take up B. pick up C. look up D. bring up 【解析】选B。pick up在这里表示“被感染”。 17. A. agreed with B. said “hi” to C. believed in D. talked to 【解析】选A。构成agree with someone，表示“同意赞成某人的观点或看法”。,18. A. increased B. reduced C. saved D. rescued 【解析】选C。由于这个村庄的人都同意了村中这位老人的观点，没有外出，从而使其他村庄的人免遭这种疾病。 19. A. Instead B. Unfortunately C. In the end D. On the other hand 【解析】选C。in the end说明最后结果。,20. A. came out B. turned out C. looked out D. died out 【解析】选D。短语动词die out表示“消失，绝迹”。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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