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Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero,上一页,1devote vt. 献身；专心于 He devoted his life to literature. 他专心致志于文学。 He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。,devote oneself to 献身于；致力于；专心于 devote.to (doing) sth. 献身于；专心于 be devoted to 专心于；致力于,上一页,She devoted herself to her career. 她全力倾注于自己的事业。 Im devoting all my time and energy to caring for my son right now. 目前我把所有的时间和精力都放在照顾儿子身上。,上一页,在devote.to.短语中，to是介词，后接名词或动词ing。常见的类似短语还有： pay attention to 注意 stick to 坚持 lead to 导致；通向 object to 反对 look forward to 盼望 contribute to 有助于 be addicted to 沉溺于 get down to 认真对待 prefer.to 相比更喜欢,上一页,I look forward to receiving your letter. 我盼望着你的来信。 I object to making private calls on the office phone. 我反对为私事使用办公室的电话 。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) She devoted herself entirely _ helping the children who suffered a lot from the earthquake. (2011周口模拟) Ain Bfor Cto Dwith,上一页,上一页,【解析】 句意：她把自己完全投入到了帮助在地震中受伤的孩子身上。devote.to doing sth.“致力于；献身于”，为固定搭配，故答案为C。 【答案】 C,2. vote vt. & vi. 投票；选举 n.投票；选票；表决 We voted Democrat in the last election. 我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票。 Well listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. 我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决。 The votes are still being counted.选票仍在统计中。,上一页,(1)vote down 投票否决；投票罢免 vote on 投票表决；选举 vote through 表决通过 vote for/against 投票赞成/反对 (2)put.to the vote 将付诸表决 take/have a vote on 对进行表决,上一页,The plan was voted through yesterday. 这个计划已于昨日投票通过。 Did you vote for or against her？ 你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？,上一页,上一页,学以致用(用恰当的介词或副词填空),Luckily，the suggestion was voted through by a large majority. Shall we take a vote on the question? Was the vote for or against the matter?,3. equal adj. 相等的；平等的 vt. 与相等或相同；比得上 Women demand equal pay for equal work. 女性要求同工同酬。 All men are equal in the eye of law.法律面前人人平等。 Few cars can equal this kind of cars for speed. 很少有其他车在速度方面胜过这种车。,上一页,上一页,be equal to 与相等；胜任；等于 be equal with 与平等 be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌 A equals B in. A在方面比得上B,One plus one is equal to two. 1加1等于2。 She has no equal in English. 谁的英语也比不上她。,上一页,In my opinion，no search engine can _ Baidu in search scope and speed. (2011安福质检) Acompete Bequal Cwin Dsuit,学以致用(单项填空),上一页,【解析】 句意：在我看来，没有搜索引擎可以在搜索范围和速度上与百度相比。A equals B in .意为“A在方面比得上B”，符合句意。 【答案】 C,上一页,4. escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露 They were glad to have escaped the clutches of winter for another year.他们很高兴又一年躲过了寒冬的魔爪。 He managed to escape from the prison. 他设法从监狱里逃了出去。,上一页,escapen./doing sth. 逃脱做某事 escape from/out of 从逃脱 escape into 逃入；躲入；逸入 escape ones notice 没注意,上一页,Few people escaped out of the burning house. 几乎无人逃出那幢燃烧的房子。 When life became too difficult，he escaped into a dream world of his own.生活太困难时，他就躲进了自己的梦幻世界之中。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) Although I know that the novel was published in the nineteenth century，the actual date _ me. Aforgot Breminds Cescapes Doccured to,上一页,【解析】 句意：尽管我知道这本书是19世纪出版的，但我忘记具体的日期了。escape sb.表示“被某人遗忘”，主语是物。forget的主语必须是人，remind“提醒；使记起”，occur to“发生”，皆不符合句意。 【答案】 C,上一页,5. reward n报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏 He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是报酬很少。 They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers. 他们奖给胜利者水果和鲜花作为礼物。 He rewarded me with a prize.他用一个奖励来报答我 。,上一页,上一页,in reward (for.) 作为(对的)报酬、报答 give a reward to sb. for sth. 为给某人报酬、赏 金 reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因报答、奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用报答、奖赏某人,He rewarded us with a lot of money for helping him. 对于我们的帮助，他重金酬谢。 She started singing to the children and was rewarded with a Smile. 她开始给孩子们唱歌，孩子们对她报以微笑。,上一页,reward/award/prize 三者的含义基本相同，但在不同语境中表达的含义有所差别。 (1)reward作名词时，意为“奖金；酬劳”， 表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西；作动词时，宾语可以是人，意为“报答；酬谢”。 The fireman received a reward for saving the childs life. 这位消防员因救了小孩的命而得到一笔奖金。,上一页,(2)award 作名词时，意为“奖金；奖品”；作动词时指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予，宾语可以是人。 The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。 (3)prize意为“奖赏；奖金；奖品”，尤指在比赛或抽奖中获得的荣誉。 Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.参加我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) A(n) _ will be offered for the information leading to the arrest of the robber. Aprice Bprize Creward Daward,【解析】 句意：为逮捕抢劫犯而提供信息将会得到奖励。根据句意和上文对词义的差异辨析可知，答案为C。 【答案】 C,上一页,6out of work 失业；出问题 Jim has been out of work for several months. 吉姆已经失业几个月了。 Marys cell phone has been out of work for several days，which brought her a lot of inconvenience. 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。,上一页,in work 有工作；在完成之中 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 out of use 没用了 out of date 过时 out of order 次序颠倒；出故障 out of control 失控 out of danger 脱离危险 out of shape 变形 out of mind 心不在焉,上一页,Reaching the top of the tower，he was out of breath. 到了塔顶他就上气不接下气了。 Peter wrote the words of the sentence out of order. 彼得把句子中的词序写颠倒了。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) Mr and Mrs White are determined to give their children _ first-rate education，though they are both out of _ work now. Aa；the Bthe；the Ca；/ Dthe；,【解析】 句意：尽管怀特先生和夫人现在都失业了，但他们仍决心给孩子们一流的教育。out of work为固定搭配，不加冠词。a first-rate education意为“一流的教育”。 【答案】 C,上一页,7turn to 求助于；致力于 I tried to stand on my own feet rather than turned to my parents. 我没法自立而不求助于我的父母。 More and more people turn to computer science. 愈来愈多的人致力于计算机科学研究。 She often turns to the book for guidance. 她经常参考那本书。,上一页,turn about 急向后转；突然转身 turn against (使)与反目成仇；变得敌对 turn around (使)翻身；翻转；改变 turn aside 转向一边；避开；让开 turn back (使)原路返回；往回走；阻止 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn off 关闭；拐弯 turn up 调大；出现 turn out 证明是；结果,上一页,The boy wanted to join the army，but was turned down. 那孩子想参军，但被拒绝了。 Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day. 出乎意料，那天天气特别好。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesnt know whom to _. Adeals with Bturn to Clook for Dtalk about,上一页,【解析】 句意：她的新电脑出了很多问题，但是她不知道向谁求助。turn to“求助”，符合句意。deal with“处理”；look for“寻找”；talk about“谈论”。 【答案】 ,上一页,8lose heart 丧失勇气或信心 He failed many times，but he didnt lose heart. 他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。 No matter what you do，never lose heart. 不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心,上一页,learn.by heart 默诵；用心学 heat and soul 全心全意地 lose ones job 失业 lose ones balance 失去平衡 lose ones breath 上气不接下气 lose ones heart (to sb./sth.) 爱上,上一页,We learn these poems by heart. 我们记住了这些诗。 We should serve the people heart and soul. 我们应该全心全意为人民服务。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) He doesnt pronounce this word well，but he doesnt _ and try to pronounce it again and again. Atake heart Btake to heart Close heart Dlose his heart,【解析】 句意：这个词他念不好，但他不泄气，一遍遍练习发音。lose heart“丧失信心；泄气”，符合句意。take heart“鼓起勇气”；take to heart“对耿耿于怀”；lose ones heart“爱上”。 【答案】 ,上一页,9set up 设立；建立 Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here. 很多外国公司已在这里开办工厂。 A monument was set up as a memorial to the dead soldiers. 建立了一个纪念碑来纪念那些阵亡的将士。,上一页,上一页,set up/build/put up/found (1)set up意为“开办；建立”，常和表示组织、机构、团体等意义的名词连用，这时与found基本相同，但found更着重打基础。 set up a school(hospital，state，government，shop，business) 建立学校(医院、国家、政府、商店、企业) (2)found意为“建立；成立”，着重于打下基础，主要用于创立机构组织或理论。 The castle is founded on solid rock.城堡建筑在坚固的岩石上。,(3)build意为“建造；建立；建设”，是最普通的用语。常指建造大东西而言。 They built their homes and made their farms there. 他们在那儿建立了家园，办起了农场。 (4)put up意为“张贴；举起；建造”，着重指建造或搭起一个具有高度的具体的物体，口语中set up和build也有此意。 They put up (set up) a new house/tent。他们建了一座新房子/搭起一个新帐篷。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) In Disneyland，every year，some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guests” not to step on them. Asend up Bset up Cput up Dshow off,上一页,【解析】 句意：在迪斯尼乐园，每年大约80万株植物被替换，因为迪斯尼拒绝设立一些让顾客不要踩踏的标牌。put up符合句意和语境。send up“使上升；长出”；set up“设立；建立”；show off“炫耀自己”。 【答案】 ,上一页,10.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 当only修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装的结构，将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语前。 Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth，which was a big surprise to him.昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对于他而言真是个吃惊的消息。 Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。,上一页,以否定副词开头修饰状语放在句首要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely，hardly，little，seldom，never，no sooner.than，rarely，no more，not only等。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) _by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. AOnly BJust CStill DYet,上一页,【解析】 置于句首的only修饰方式状语by keeping down costs时，主句要使用部分倒装。而just，still，yet都无此用法。 【答案】 A,上一页,11I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 我第一次向(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉 得很不好受。 句中的the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第 一次时”。 The first time I saw him，he was a school teacher. 我第一次见他时，他是学校的老师。 The minute she saw her mother，she burst into tears. 她一看到妈妈就大哭起来。,上一页,上一页,(1)名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有： the moment/the instant/the minuteas soon as一就 every time 每次就 each time 每当时 next time 下次时 any time (在)任何时间 (2)有时副词也可以充当连词，引导时间状语从句：instant； immediately；directly等，都相当于as soon as。,The moment I saw it，I fell in love with it. 我一看到它就喜欢上了它。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) How was the flight? To tell you the truth，_ I flew on the plane I was really nervous. Afirst time Bthe first time Cfor first time Dfor the first time,上一页,【解析】 句意：航行怎么样？说真的，第一次坐飞机时我很紧张。the first time引导时间状语从句。其他三项皆不能引导从句。 【答案】 B,上一页,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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