句子类型及陈述句否定句疑问句.ppt

,句子类型,按句子的结构分：简单句、并列句和复合句,一、并列句由两个或两个以上由并列连接词连在一起的简单句称为并列句。常用的并列连词有：1.连接两个同等概念，常用and,notonlybutalso，neithernor等。Eg.TheteachersnameisBob,thestudentsnameisJohn.,and,2.表示选择，常用的连词有or,eitheror，otherwise等。Eg.Shallwegoouttothecinemashallwestayathome?3.表示转折，常用的连词有but,yet,while等。Eg.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,hehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.他个子矮小，戴着厚厚的眼镜，但他却能用一种奇特的方法使他的课生动有趣。,or,but,4.表示因果关系，常用的连词有so(所以，因此),for（因为）等。Eg.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriceharvest,everydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.,so,用合适的连词填空：1.Excusemeforbreakingin,_Ihavesomenewsforyou.2.Hehlepsmedothecleaning_Ihlephimwithhisphysics.3.Thecarbrokedown,_wehadtofindatelephone.4.Dothejobyourself_askothersforhelp.5.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_thegroundiswet.,but,and,so,or,for,将两个简单句合并为并列句1.Ithasnomouth.Itcantalk.2.Youmusttellthetruth.Youwillbepunished.3.Hehasmanygoodfriends.Heisanhoestman.4.Mr.Liwenttohishometown.Mr.Wangwastakinghiscalssinstead.,Ithasnomouth,butitcantalk.,Youmusttellthetruth,oryoullbepunished.,Hehasmanygoodfriends,forheisanhonestman.,Mr.Liwenttohishometown,soMr.Wangwastakingclassinstead.,二、复合句,1.概念：主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。从句通常由关联词引导，关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。2.分类：按其在复合句中的作用，分为名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句。,主语从句,Eg.Howmuchincomewecanexpectthisyearisnotyetknown.我们今年能有多少收入还不知道。Whowillgoisnotimportant.谁将去并不重要。,表语从句,Eg.Theansweristhatheisoneofthetopthreephysicistsinhisparticularfield.答案是：在他的特殊领域里，他是三位顶尖的物理学家之一。宾语从句Scientistsexplainthattheoutsideoftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferentplates.科学家解释说，地球的表层是由许多不同的板块构成的。,定语（attributive或attribute）修饰或限定名词或代词用的；通常由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担当。Thisisadifficultproblem.Sheisaverybeautifulgirl.IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiana.Schoolisaplacewherewecanrealizeourdream.,同位语（appositive）对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释；通常由名词、代词或从句等担任。ThisisMr.Zhou，ourheadmaster.Wordcamethatourteamwonthegame.Therecameapieceofnewsthatthewarbrokeout.,同位语从句(对名词的内容进行解释、说明)Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.定语从句（对名词进行修饰限定）Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。,辨析：1.Thenewsthathetoldmeisnottrue.Thenewsthatthewarborkeoutmadepeopleworried.2.Thefactthathissondiedinthewarmadehimhopeless.Thefactthattheyaretalkingaboutisunbelievable.,定语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,状语（adverbial）修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用的；通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词或从句等担任。状语通常分为时间，地点，方式，程度，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步状语等。Herunsfast.Inordertogetthefirstbus,hegotupveryearly.Hesattherewithabookinhishand.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillsucceed.,状语从句,Listenandbequietwhileothersaretalking!在别人说话时要听着，保持安静！Gobackwhereyoucomefrom.回到你来的地方去。Youcantellmeifyouneedhelp.如果你需要帮助，你就告诉我。,判断下列句子含有哪种从句，并用横线标出,1.Whenyouseehim,pleasesayhellotohim.2.Ishethemanwhowantstoseeyou?3.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldus.4.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.5.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.,6.WhileIagreewithyou,Icantgowithyou.7.HewaiteduntilIreturned.8.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.9.Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwemovedintoournewhouse.10.Hehidhisstorybooksothathisteachercouldntfind.,陈述句&否定句&疑问句,陈述句&一般疑问句,1.用以陈述事实或情况的句子叫陈述句。2.用以提问的句子叫疑问句，句末用问号。疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。,一、一般疑问句,一般疑问句表示询问事物或某种情况是否属实，需要对方给予肯定（yes）或否定（no）回答，读时用升调，它的基本结构为：（1）be+主语+其他？（2）助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语（动词原形）+其他?,使用一般疑问句时应特别注意问句与答句在人称、时态和数上保持一致。Yes,主语+be/助动词/情态动词作否定回答时，通常是：No,主语+be/助动词/情态动词+not.Not一般要与前面的词语构成缩略形式。,Eg.(1)Iamadoctor.否定句：Iamnotadoctor.一般疑问句Areyouadoctor?-Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.(2)Tomcanswim.Tomcantswim.CanTomswim?-Yes,hecan./No,hecant.,(3)Shehasfinishedherhomework.Shehasnot(hasnt)finishedherhomework.Hasshefinishedherhomework?Yes,shehas./No,shehasnt.,若陈述句的谓语动词为实意动词，则找出相对应的助动词（do/does/did），在其后加not，再将谓语动词变为原形。Eg.(1)Ilikeswimming.Idontlikeswimming.Doyoulikeswimming?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.,(2)HewenttoJapanlastweek.HedidntgotoJapanlastweek.DidhegotoJapanlastweek?Yes,hedid./No,hedidnt.(3)Shelikesreading.Shedoesntlikereading.Doesshelikereading?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.,特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导的问句叫特殊疑问句。回答时不能使用yes或no，读降调。疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词词组。1.疑问代词：可以对主语、表语、宾语、定语提问，有what（对“物”提问），which(哪一个)，whose（谁的），whom（宾格“谁“）Eg.MissGaoismyteacher.IsMissGaoyourteacher?Whoisyourteacher?,2.疑问副词：用于对状语提问，有when(何时)，where（何地），why（为什么）和how（怎样）等。EgIcameherein2005.Didyoucomeherein2005?Whendidyoucomehere?3.疑问词组：howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften等。EgTheconcertwillbeginin20minutes.Willtheconcertbeginin20minutes?Howsoonwilltheconcertbegin?,一、请将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句1.Iaminterestedinreading.Imnotinterestedinreading.Areyouinterestedinreading?2.Marrylikesgoingshopping.Marrydoesntlikegoingshopping.DoesMarrylikegoingshopping?,Practice,3.Hehasseenthefilmtwice.Hehasntseenthefilmtwice.Hasheseenthefilmtwice?4.Hewatchedafilmlastnight.Hedidntwatchafilmlastnight.Didhewatchafilmlastnight?,二、请对下列句子划线的部分提问1.Heisfondofcooking.Whatishefondof?2.HeleftforHongkong.Wheredidheleavefor?3.Thefilmhasbeenonfor20minutes.Howlonghasthefilmbeenon?,4.Jackgavemesomeadvice.Whogaveyousomeadvice?5.Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?6.WehaveanEnglishpartyonceamonth.HowoftendoyouhaveanEnglishparty?7.Ilivetenminuteswalkfrommyschool.Howfardoyoulivefromyourschool?,Thankyou,