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todo.tobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingnottodofor/ofsbtodo,doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonenotdoing动名词复合结构：his/her/your/our/their/its+doingtheboys/Toms+doinghim/her/you/us/them/it/theboy/Tm分词的复合结构：he/she/we/I/they/you/Tom/theboy+分词,done,非谓语动词的时态，语态，否定及复合结构,非谓语动词做定语,我有一个球。,Ihaveaball.,我有一个大的球。,Ihaveabigball.,这是昨天买的大球。,Thisisthebigballwhichwasboughtyesterday.,Thisisthebigballboughtyesterday.,我丢了我爸爸送我的手表。,Ilostthewatch_.,whichmyfathergaveme.,whichwasgivenbymyfather.,givenbymyfather.,我的表丢了，它是我爸送的。,Thewatch,_,islost.,whichmyfathergaveme,whichwasgivenbymyfather,givenbymyfather,Ilostmywatch;_wasgivenbymyfather.Ilostmywatchand_wasgivenbymyfather.Ilostmywatch._wasgivenbymyfather.,it,it,it,正在给我们作报告的(人）是Smith教授,ThepersonwhoisgivingusareportisMr.Smith.,ThepersongivingusareportisMr.Smith.,明天给我们作报告的(人）是Smith教授,ThepersonwhowillgiveusareporttomorrowisMr.Smith.,ThepersontogiveusareportisMr.Smith.,那个最喜欢闲聊的人是Smith先生,ThepersonwholikeschattingmostisMr.Smith.,ThepersonlikingchattingmostisMr.Smith.,这将是我们明年将建造的图书馆。,Thiswillbeourlibrary;itwillbebuiltnextyear.,Thiswillbeourlibraryanditwillbebuiltnextyear.,Thiswillbeourlibrarywhichwillbebuiltnextyear.,Thiswillbeourlibrarytobebuiltnextyear.,这是我们去年建造的图书馆。,Thisisthelibrarywhichwasbuiltlastyear.,正在建造的建筑物是我们的图书馆。,Thebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltisourlibrary.,Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.,Thisisthelibrarybuiltlastyear.,我有一封信要写。=我有一封将要写的信。,Ihavealetter./Iwillwriteit./Itwillbewritten.,Ihavealetter(which)Iwillwrite.,Ihavealettertowrite.,他们需要一些纸写信=他们需要一些写信的纸。,Theyneedsomepaperonwhichtheycanwrite.,Theyneedsomepapertowriteon.,注意：主动表被动。,Heis(theperson)toblame.Hewasblamedyesterday.Heshouldbeblamed,他总是第一个来(的人），最后一个走(的人）。,Heisalwaysthefirstonetocomeandthelasttoleave.,他的话让我伤心。,Hiswordsmademesad.,迟到是不好的。,Beinglateisnotgood.,他的迟到让我生气。,His/Toms/Theboyscominglatemademeangry.,Imangryathis/him/Tom/theboycominglate.,动名词的复合结构,高考试题,Thelastone_paysthemeal.A.arrivalB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving,c,2.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesk_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedofandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose,c,3.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,_foradegreeincomputerscience.A.studiedB.studyingC.tohavestudiedD.tobestudying,B,4.TheTownHall_inthe1800swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A.tobecompletedB.havingbeencompletedC.completedD.beingcompleted,C,5.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A.saidB.saysC.sayingD.tosay,c,6.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt,B,7.Thedisc,digitally_inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded,A,8.Therehavebeenseveralnewevents_totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added,D,9.TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames_inBeijingin2008.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld,D,10.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone_.A.blamedB.blamingC.toblameD.tobeblamed,C,.,11.Fivepeoplewonthe“ChinasGreenFigure”award,atitle_toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven,C,宾补,Itoldhimtogohome.Ilet/made/hadhimgohome.Hewastoldtogohome.Hewaslet/made/hadtogohome.,我经常听他唱歌.我们去听他唱歌吧。我经过他门口时听到他在唱歌。,我叫他回家.,.,Ioftenlistentohimsingsongs.,Letsgotolistentohimsingasong.,WhenIwalkedpasthisroom,Iheardhimsingingasong.,你最好叫人修一下你的车。,Youdbetterhaveyourcarrepaired.,我叫他修一下。,Illhavehimrepairit.,他发现他的表被偷了。,Hefoundhiswatchstolen.,不要让孩子一直哭，做点什么。,Donthavethechildcryingallthetime.Dosomething.,不定式（经常性，将来性，或整个过程），现在分词（正在进行），过去分词（被动性）作宾补的区别,1.Ismellsomething_inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?A.burningB.burntC.beingburntD.tobeburnt.,A,A,2.-Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?-justaminute,IllhaveBob_youtoyourroom.A.showB.showsC.toshowD.showing,3.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismothersvoice_him.A.callingB.calledC.beingcalledD.tocall,A,4.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_inashortperiod.A.improvedB.improvingC.toimproveD.improve,A,A,5.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_inhislectures.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.tointerest,6.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood,D,7.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked,B,D,8.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit_oftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained,9.Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_.A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied,A,伴随状语,Hestoodthereand_(smile).Hestoodthere,_(smile)Hecamein,_(go)tohisdeskandsatdown.,smiled,smiling,went,谓语还是非谓语？,1.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,_inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet,C,2.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.wentfinished,B,A,3.“Things_nevercomeagain!”Icouldnthelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.havelost,4.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent_attheendoflastMarch.A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunched,B,5.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted,B,.,6.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_thegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing,7.Thestormleft,_alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused,D,D,8.“Youcantcatchme!”Janetshouted,_away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran,B,C,9.-WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?_themainideaofeachparagraph.A.FindingoutB.FoundoutC.FindoutD.Tofindout,10.Therehavebeenseveralnewevents_totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added,D,addvtPeopleaddneweventstotheprogram.,11.Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing,C,B,12.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought,13.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid,A,14.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_Chineseintheschool,most_werefromGermany.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom,D,.,其他状语：,1.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry_youtostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuadedB.persuadingC.tobepersuadedD.topersuade,D,2.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard,A,A,_byagreaterdemandforvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.Havingdriven,4._thatshedidntdoagoodjob,IdontthinkIamablerthanher.A.TohavesaidB.HavingsaidC.TosayD.Saying,B,5._inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited,C,.,6._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedC.Havingnotcompleted,7.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told,B,C,8.Youweresillynot_yourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingC.havinglocked,B,9._intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput,注意结构：sb.+be+adj.+todo表原因,A,10._thiscake,youllneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making,C,11._forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed,B,A,_withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface,13.When_differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared,C,14.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told,B,A,15.Hehurriedtothestationonly_thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound,固定结构：sb/sth+be+said/reported+todosb/sth+appear/happen/seem+todoIt+be+said/reported+thatIt+appears/happens/seems+that,LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought,B,注意：不定式的时态语态,.,todo/tobedone;tohavedone/tohavebeendonetobedoing,2.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported_theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.tobreak,C,3.AIDSissaid_thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.A.thatitisB.tobeC.thatithasbeenD.tohavebeen,D,.,4.Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto_sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost,A,With的复合结构：with+sb/sth+tododoingdoneWith+what引导的宾语从句,-comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.-sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A.filledB.,fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled,.,.,B,2.Johnreceivedainvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_,hegladlyacceptedit.A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished,A,Whilewatchingtelevision,_.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings,主谓一致,.,C,2.Nomatterhowfrequently_,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed,A,A,3.Facedwithabillfor$10,000,_.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn,facevt.facesth.facesbwithsth.Seat/dress/lose/compare.,宾语表语,-CanIsmokehere?-Sorry.Wedontallow_here.A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smoking,D,2.-Robertisindeedawiseman.-Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_hisadvice!A.totakeB.takingC.nottotakeD.nottaking,D,allowdoingallowsbtodobeallowedtodo,区别：regretdoingregrettodo,3.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair,A,D,4.Pleaseremain_untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated,5.Youcantimaginewhatdifficultywehad_homeinthesnowstorm.A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking,D,Sbneedtodosthneeddoing/tobedone,havetrouble/difficulty/ahardtime(in)doing,6.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_,itwillsurely_thereader.A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest,D,C,7.Victorapologizedfor_toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.A.hisbeingnotableB.himnottobeableC.hisnotbeingableD.himtobenotable,8.Sarah,hurryup.Imafraidyoucanthavetimeto_beforetheparty.A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange,A,“使”“令”类动词都是vt注意区别v+ing,v+ed,9.Myadvisorencouraged_asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.tometakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake,D,D,10.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.tohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having,11.Idontwant_likeImspeakingillofanybody,butthemanagersplanisunfair.A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded,A,一般式相当与一般现在时，指客观事实。,12.Itremains_whetherJimllbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.A.seemB.tobeseenC.seeingD.tosee,B,D,13.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime_theexam.A.passB.topassC.passedD.passing,14.Icantstand_withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop,C,C,16.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting,15.-Thereisastoryhereinthepaperabouta110-year-oldman.-Mygoodness!Icantimagine_thatoldA.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.havingbeen,17.Afterhebecameconscious,heremembered_and_ontheheadwitharod.A.toattack;hitB.tobeattacked;tobehitC.attacking;behitD.havingbeenattacked;hit,D,D,
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