学位英语试题及答案

考试须知1、 本次考试试卷有试题册（试卷一）和答题纸（Answer Sheet)两种，答题时间为120分钟。2、请考生用钢笔在Answer Sheet上写上姓名、学号、专业班级。3、请考生在Answer Sheet上答题，写在试题册上的答案一律作废。4、选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作废。选定答案后，在Answer Sheet中找到相应题号，将答案对应字母（ABCD）填写在题号后的括号里。注意保持字迹清晰工整，容易识别。由于字迹潦草、答案模棱两可甚至无法识别者，一律判为0分，责任由考生本人负责。5、简答题、翻译和作文等主观题部分的答题请考生用钢笔书写在Answer Sheet指定位置上。6、 考试结束，考生不得将试题册和答题纸带出考场。请把试题册和答题纸分别上交监考老师。Test 15Part I. Situational Conversations (10%)Directions: In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of the corresponding letter1. Vivian: Christina! I havent seen you for ages. How are you?Christina: Fine. And you?Vivian: Pretty good. Hows Christopher?Christina: Oh, dont you know? We got divorced two years ago.Vivian: _ A. Hope youll be better. B. It is really a problem.C. What a pity! D. Oh, Im sorry.2. Richard: How much is it to rent an economy car? Tina: $15.00 a day or $95.00 a week, unlimited mileage. Richard: Could I have one for tomorrow morning? Tina: _ Richard: Sure. Here it is. Tina: Good. Now just complete this form, please. A. Could you please show me your phone number, please? B. Can you tell me your address, please?C. Do you have your drivers license? D. May I have your name, please?3. Harry: _?Elizabeth: Im an engineer.Harry: Oh, are you?Elizabeth: How about you?Harry: I work for a trading company. A. What are you doing B. How do you doC. What do you do D. How are you doing4. Johnson: Do you mind if I put some of my things in your room overnight? Pamela: _. Johnson: Thats greatThey are painting the walls in my room ANo, you are welcome BSure, my pleasure CSure, you are always the bestDNo, not at all5. Customer: _ if youd serve me as quickly as possible as Ive got an appointment at two fifteen.Shopkeeper: Ill do my best, Madam. A. Id be most grateful B. Id be most delightfulC. It would be very helpful D. It would be very kind of you6. Paul: Go down Main Street and turn left at the first corner. Then walk two blocks and youll see the library just in front of you. Janet: _ Paul: Thats right. A. Main Street, first left, two blocks. Right? B. Is what youre saying right? C. Do you think I can find the library easily? D. The library on the right? 7. Guest: _.Clerk: Certainly. Do you have a reservation?Guest: Yes. The name is Green. Mr. and Mrs. Green.Clerk: Here we are. For five nights. Could you fill in the registration card, please? And Ill need your credit card. A. Id like to stay in, please B. Id like to check in, pleaseC. Id like to rent a room, please D. Id like to rest here, please8. Speaker A: Do you think your boss will expect you to work late again tonight? Speaker B: _. A.Such has never been the case with my boss. B. Does the sun come up in the west? C.How can we work late for our boss? D.To work late again tonight? My boss has never done such a foolish thing.9. Jack: I have a pair of tickets for a concert Sunday night. Would you like to go?Wendy: I dont think so. _. A. Im not very anxious about concert B. Im not very excited about concertC. Im not too interested about concert D. Im not too wild about concert10. Customer: Have you got Michel Jacksons latest CD album? Salesman: _.A. No. I dont care for singers photographs B. No. It has been sold outC. Yes. They dont have it anymore D. Yes. I cant afford onePart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Section ADirections: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.(30%)Passage One Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Rising global carbon dioxide levels tied to global warming may not be as crucial in determining the composition of plant communities as other, localized climate changes.“Nobody really knows what the increases in carbon dioxide are going to entail in terms of future changes in vegetation types,” said Mark Brenner, a University of Florida assistant professor of paleontology, the study of ancient lakes. “It looks like climate changes in different areas may be more important than carbon dioxide, at least carbon dioxide by itself,” he said.Brenners research team based their conclusions on an analysis of sediment from two lake bottoms, one in northern Mexico and one in northern Guatemala. The researchers used new techniques that allowed them to analyze only the remains of land plants, specifically their leaf waxes. By measuring the composition of the leaf waxes, the researchers were able to distinguish two broad categories of plants living in these areas - so-called C3 and C4 plants, which have different photosynthetic processes. Many C4 plants are tropical grasses, while most tropical trees are C3 plants. The researchers analyzed sediments deposited over the last 27,000 years, from the last ice age to the current geological period. Over this period, there was a worldwide, relatively uniform increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.Brenner said that if carbon dioxide played the major role in determining plant composition, one would assume that analysis of the sediments would reveal very similar changes in relative abundance of C3 and C4 plants in the two places over the study period. But, in fact, the researchers found that trends in the two types of plants were different at the two locations. The changes were related not with carbon dioxide levels, but with shifts in rainfall. “The result appears to be that climate factors, especially moisture availability, determine whether C4 or C3 plants dominate in an area, not carbon dioxide,” Brenner said.Many scientists believe global warming will cause major variation in local climates worldwide, with some wet areas becoming dry and dry areas becoming wet. If that happens, it could have more impact on relative C3 versus C4 plant distribution than the rising carbon dioxide levels. 11. What can be inferred in the first paragraph? A). Climate changes are more important to the composition of plant communities than rising global carbon dioxide. B). Localized climate shifts may not be as crucial as carbon dioxide. C). Nobody knows which one is important. D). Carbon dioxide levels is crucial to the global warming.12. What is Mark Brenner? A). He studies co-authors opinion. B). He is assisting the University of Florida. C). He is an expert in the field of ancient lakes. D). His research team composed of six geologists and geographers.13. According to the third paragraph, which one is NOT true? A). Tropical grasses are usually C4 plants. B). C3 and C4 plants used to live in northern Mexico and Guatemala. C). C3 and C4 plants dont have the same processes. D). Tropical trees are all C3 plants.14. Why, in the 4th paragraph, the researchers found that trends in C3 and C4 plants were different at the two locations? A). The assumption that carbon dioxide played the major role is wrong. B). The carbon dioxide played an important role. C). The moisture availability was different. D). The carbon dioxide level was different.15. Whats the main idea of the passage?A). Climates factors determine the plant distribution and composition of plant communities. B). Global warming will cause major variation. C). How has Brenners research team proved a truth.D). C3 and C4 plants are important plants in determining the composition of plant communities.Passage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Between about 1910 and 1930, new artistic movements in European art were making themselves felt in the United States. American artists became acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery 291 (named after its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of 1913 held in New York, in which the works of many of the leading European artists were seen along with the works of a number of progressive American painters.Several of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscape, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much further removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the feel of the city, more concerned with the meaning behind appearance. However, both the painters of the Ash Can School and the later realists were still tied to nineteenth century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, developed most fully in France between 1907 and 1914, which brought about a major revolution in Western painting. It overturned the rational tradition that had been built upon since the Renaissance (文化复兴)- In Cubism, natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes. No longer was a clear differentiation made between the figure and the background of a painting: the objects represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubists abandoned the conventional single vantage (优越的地位) point of the viewer, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same 16. With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?A) The development of Cubism.B) Modern art movements in the United States.C) Contemporary artists in the United States.D) The influence of photography on landscape painters.17. It can be inferred from the passage that European art trends probably affected United States art most during which of the following years? A) 1901. B) 1908. C) 1913. D) 1936.18. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a means through which American artists learned about new movements?A) Lessons from successful artists.B) The exhibitions at the gallery 291.C) Trips to Europe.D) The Armory Show of 1913.19. Why does the author mention Alfred Stieglitz?A) To demonstrate that photography was the major influence in modern art.B) To compare him with other artists of the time. C）To point out that many artists learned their craft by studying with him. D) To give an example of someone who had an influence on modern art. 20. According to the author, which of the following was a favorite subject for American modernists?A) Portraits of famous people. B) Country scenes. C) Pictures of buildings interiors. D) City landscapes.Passage Three Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:What are the zebra stripes on the tomato soup cans and potato chip bags? They are special black and white vertical lines. These black and white stripes can be read by an optical scanner, or computer. The scanner, which reads the lines of code, is a small laser beam of light. When the light ray is broken by the black stripes, the computer reads the information about the product.The code is called the Universal Product Code (UPC). It is designed to add speed and efficiency to stores by using computers. It can do this in several ways. First, it is not necessary for workers to put individual prices on items. Errors in prices are eliminated, or done away with. Also, the time spent checking out is reduced. UPC gives an itemized receipt to the customer with all the items, prices, and totals. The store clerk does not need to spend time checking the price on the item and punching it into cash register. This UPC computerized system will probably save as much as 45 percent of the checkout clerks time.What do the stripes mean? How does the computer interpret the stripes? The number printed below the vertical bars identifies the manufacturer and the manufacturers item. As many as 10 trillion individual machine-readable numbers can be used with this system. In the example, the 0 on the left side means that it is a grocery item. The numbers 51000 indicate the manufacturer. In this case it is the Campell Soup Company. The last five digits, 00011, mean it is a can of tomato soup. The light rays from the light beam read these lines, and the message is sent directly to the computer. The computer then finds the information about this product (price, inventory data) and sends it instantly back to the terminal at the checkout counter. At the same time, it keeps an inventory for the store manager. Many products have labels with these stripes.21. The Universal Product Code _.A) makes grocery shopping easier B) makes grocery shopping complicated C) cuts down on efficiency D) will never be practical22. Codes are scanned by _.A) the checkout clerk B) a laser beam of light C) the customers themselves D) the cash register23. Computers are beneficial because they _.A) eliminate price errorsB) give itemized printout to the customerC) save time in the checkout lane and help control inventoryD) all of the above24. What information CANNOT be obtained from the UPC?A) Manufacturer. B) Grocery store name. C) Item. D) Price.25. A possible title for this article could be _.A) Animals and Food B) The Benefits of the Universal Product CodeC) Production Made Easy D) Stripes in Food AdvertisingSection BDirections: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. Read the passage carefully, then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(10%) Motorways are, no doubt, the safest roads in the country. Mile for mile, vehicle for vehicle, you are much less likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary road. On the other hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalities are much more likely to occur than in a comparable accident elsewhere on the roads.Motorways have no sharp bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and thus speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 m. p. h. limit is still in force, it is often treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the 30 m. p. h. limit applying in built up areas in Britain. Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like travelling in convoys with perhaps barely ten metres between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pileups (involving maybe a hundred vehicles) when one vehicle stops for some reason - mechanical failure, driver error and so on - have become all too familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How many of these drivers realize that it takes a car about one hundred metres to brake to a stop from 70 m.p.h.? Drivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete immunity (免疫) from the caprices (反复无常) of the weather. However wet the road is, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, on they plough (继续向前) at ludicrous (荒唐的) speeds oblivious of (不在意的) police warnings or speed restrictions until their journey comes to a premature conclusion.Perhaps one remedy for this motorway madness would be better driver education. At present, learner drivers are barred from motorways and are thus, as far as this kind of driving is concerned, thrown in at the deep end. However, much more efficient policy is required, for it is the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own folly.26. What are the general ideas of para.1 and para. 2 ?27. At which speed can the drivers drive on the motorways?28. The resulting horrific pileups are _29. What does the sentence Drivers also seem to . of the weather mean?30. How to remedy the madness of this motorway?Part III Error Correction （10%） Directions: In this part there is one passage. In the passage there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete(删去) a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark () in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEETA multicultural person is someone who is deeplyconcerned that all culture are equally good, 31._enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world,or most likely has been exposed to more than one 32._culture in his or her lifetime. You cannot motivateanyone, especially someone of the other culture, 33. _until that person has accepted you. A multilingualperson can explain the advantages of a product with 34. _other languages, but a multicultural salesperson canmotivate foreigners to buy it. Thats a critic difference. 35. _No one likes foreigners who are arrogant about theirown culture. Customers are turned off by mono-culturalsalespeople. The trouble is, most people are arrogant 36. _mono-cultural without being aware of it. And even thosewho are aware of it cannot hide. Foreigners sense 37. _mono-cultural arrogance at once and set up their culture 38. _barriers, effectively block any attempt by the 39. _mono-cultural person to motivate them. Multiculturalismis a requirement that has neglected too often 40. _in hiring managements for international positions.And this neglect is affecting every industry.Part IV Translation (25%)Section ADirections: In this part there are ten incomplete sentences. Complete the sentences on the Answer Sheet by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets(15%)41.Ive been sorting through these old papers to see what can be thrown away （看看能把哪些扔掉） .42. How can you talk to her/him like that （你怎么能这样对他说话）? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school .43.Its advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test （每年做一次血液捡查） .44.We see ourselves as preparing our students for a way of life （一种生活方式） .45.The novelist instantly rose to fame （一举成名）in 1950 with the publication of Good-bye, My Dear .46.Because of the leg injury, the athlete decided to quit the match （决定退出比赛） .47.I would prefer shopping in a department store because it is more convinient and time-saving （它更加方便和省时） .48.Nowhere in the city will you find a man to help you （能找到人帮你） .49.He finished the job at the expense of his health （以健康为代价） .50.According to my personal experience, smile has done us a lot good （微笑带给我们很多好处）Section BDirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write t