新概念英语第一册课文详解及英语语法2016

新概念第一册1-2课文详解及英语语法 课文详注 Further notes on the text1Excuse me 对不起。这是常用于表示道歉的客套话，相当于汉语中的“劳驾”、“对不起”。当我们要引起别人的注意、要打搅别人或打断别人的话时，通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中，男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场合：向陌生人问路，借用他人的电话，从别人身边挤过，在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。2Yes？什么事？课文中的 Yes？应用升调朗读，意为：“什么事？”Yes？以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也含有请对方说下去的意思。3Pardon？对不起，请再说一遍。当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是：I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon? Pardon me.它们在汉语中的意思相当于“对不起，请再说一遍”或者“对不起，请再说一遍好吗？”4Thank you very much非常感谢！这是一句表示感谢的用语，意为“非常感谢（你）”。请看下列类似的表达式，并注意其语气上的差异：Thank you. 谢谢（你）。 Thanks! 谢谢！5数字110的英文写法1one 2two 3three 4four 5five6six 7seven 8eight 9nine 10ten语法 Grammar in use 一般疑问句一般疑问句根据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可将带有be的陈述句变为一般疑问句。即将be的适当形式移到主语之前，如：陈述句：This is your watch. 这是你的手表。疑问句：Is this your watch? 这是你的手表吗？（可参见 Lessons 1516语法部分有关 be的一般现在时形式的说明。）词汇学习 Word study 1coat n. 上衣，外套： Is this your coat? 这是你的外套吗？coat and skirt（上衣、裙子匹配的）西式女套装2dress n.（1）连衣裙；套裙： Is this your dress? 这是你的连衣裙吗？（2）服装；衣服： casual dress 便服； evening dress 晚礼服新概念第一册3-4课文详解及英语语法课文详注 Further notes on the text 1My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。这是一个省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子应为：Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.口语中，在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语，如：(Show me your) Ticket, please. 请出示你的票。(Show me your)Passport, please. 请出示您的护照。2Heres your umbrella and your coat. 这是您的伞和大衣。Heres 是 Here is的缩略形式。全句原为：Here is your umbrella and your coat缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有，但非缩略形式常用于比较正式的场合。Heres是一种习惯用法，句中采用了倒装句式，即系动词提到了主语之前。又如 Here is my ticket 这句话用正常的语序时为 My ticket is here。3Sorry = Im sorry。这是口语中的缩略形式，通常在社交场合中用于表示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。Sorry 和 Excuse me 虽在汉语中都可作“对不起”讲，但 sorry 常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉，而 Excuse me 则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。4Sir，先生。这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。例如：在服务行业中，服务员对男顾客的称呼通常为 sir：What can I do for you, sir? 先生，您要买什么？Thank you, sir. 谢谢您，先生。sir 通常用于正式信函开头的称呼中：Dear sir 亲爱的先生Dear sirs 亲爱的先生们诸位先生们Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名之前（但不用于姓氏之前）：Sir Winston Churchill 温斯顿丘吉尔爵士Sir William Brown 威廉布朗爵士5数字1115的英文写法11eleven12twelve13thirteen 14fourteen15fifteen语法 Grammar in use 否定句否定陈述句与肯定陈述句相反，它表示“否定”，并且含有一个如not 之类的否定词。一个内含be的否定形式的陈述句，应在其后加 not，以构成否定句：肯定句：This is my umbrella. 这是我的伞。否定句：This is not my umbrella. 这不是我的伞。请再看课文中的这两句话：针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是 No，its notit isnt。此处省略和非省略形式的关系为：is not =isnt；it is = its。全句应为：No, it is not my umbrella. 不，它不是我的伞。词汇学习 Word study1suit n.（一套）衣服：Is this your suit? 这是你的衣服吗？a mans suit 一套男装； a womans suit 一套女装2please：interjection（表示有礼貌地请求对方）请；烦劳：My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。Please come in. 请进。新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案 新概念第一册5-6课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Good morning早上好。英语中常见的问候用句。对此问候的回应一般也是Good morning。根据一天中见面时间的不同还可以说Good afternoon （下午好）和 Good evening（晚上好）。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello。2This is Miss Sophie Dupont这位是索菲娅杜邦小姐。This is+姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句式。课文中的例子还有：Sophie, this is Hans. 索菲娅，这位是汉斯。And this is Naoko. 这位是直子。3Mr BlakeMiss Sophie Dupont，布莱克先生索菲娅杜邦 小姐。英语国家中人的姓名通常由3部分组成，即：名+中间名+姓。在一般情况下，不用中间名。在熟悉的人中间，以名相称，而在正式的场合中常用 Mr（先生），Mrs（太太），Miss（小姐）或Ms（女士）这些称呼再加上姓。Mr用于男士的姓之前，不能单独使用，如课文中的 MrBlake；而sir 一般单独使用，是对长者、上司或男顾客的尊称，如：Sorry, sir. 对不起，先生。Miss 一般用于指未婚女子，不过有时在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用。4Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。对方的回应一般应为Nice to meet you，too（我也很高兴见到你）。人们在正式的场合初次见面时常用：How do you do？相应的回答也是：How do you do？这是一句问候语，并非问话。5国籍与国家名称有别请不要将国家名称和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的 French，German，Japanese，Korean以及Chinese都是表示国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为 Chinese 而不是 China。语法 Grammar in use 1特殊疑问句以疑问词 who，what，when，which，why，where，whose，how 等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句，也叫疑问词疑问句，有时还被称为 wh-问句（wh-question）。结构一般为：疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。作为疑问词的what可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。例如以下几个问句：What make is this car? 这辆小汽车是什么牌子的？What nationality are you? 你是哪国人？What is your job? 你的工作是干什么？What colour is it? 它是什么颜色的？What size is this skirt? 这条裙子是多大号的？2a 和 anSophie is a new student. 索菲娅是一名新学生。This is an umbrella. 这是一把雨伞。这两个句子中出现的aan在英语中被称为不定冠词。a和an在意义上没有区别。用aan时，我们必须记住两条基本原则：（1）aan有不确定的意义（即所说的人、动物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的）。（2）aan只能用于单数可数名词之前。此外还需注意a和an的发音：a（在平时讲话中发+音）用于辅音（不是辅音字母）之前；an（+(）用于元音（不仅仅是以元音字母a，e，i，o，u开头的词）之前。当我们把a或an用来说明字母表中的字母时，便会一目了然：This is a BCDGJKPQRTUVWYZ这是一个 BCDGJKPQRTUVWYZ字母。This is an AEFHILMNOSX这是一个AEFHILMNOSX字母。词汇学习 Word study 1make n.（产品的）牌子；类型，型号；式样：What make is your watch? 你的手表是什么牌子的？Her dress is of Italian make. 她的连衣裙是意大利式的。2English adj. 英国（人）的；英格兰（人）的；英国化的：Is it an American car or an English car? 它是美国车还是英国车？John is very English. 约翰生活行事非常英国化。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 6AAlice is a student. She isnt German. She is French.This is her car. It is a French car.Hans is a student. He isnt French.He is German. This is his car. It is a German car.B1 Is she a German student or a Japanese student? She isnt a German student. Shes a Japanese student.2 Is this a German car or a French car? It isnt a German car. Its a French car.3 Is he an Italian student or a German student? He isnt an Italian student. Hes a German student.4 Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student? She isnt an Italian student. She is a Chinese student.5 Is this an American car or an English car? It isnt an American car. Its an English car.6 Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student? He isnt a Japanese student. Hes a Korean student.7 Is this an English car or an Italian car? It isnt an English car. Its an Italian car.8 Is he an English student or a Chinese student? He isnt an English student. Hes a Chinese student.9 Is this a French car or a German car? It isnt a French car. Its a German car.10 Is this a Chinese car or a Japanese car?It isnt a Chinese car. Its a Japanese car.11 Is this an English car or an American car? It isnt an English car. Its an American car.12 Is this a Japanese car or a Korean car? It isnt a Japanese car. Its a Korean car.新概念第一册7-8课文详解及练习答案 课文详注 Further notes on the text1My names = My name is。这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型：My name is（后面加上自己的姓名）。有时也可用Im这一句型。2Are you French，too？你也是法国人吗？在英语中，too和either两个词都表示“也”的意思，然而too仅用于肯定句中，either 则限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如：Is Sophie Italian, too? 索菲娅也是意大利人吗？Is Robert a keyboard operator, too? 罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗？3What nationality are you？你是哪国人？此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问 Where are you from？或 Where do you come from？4Whats your job？你是做什么工作的？Whats =What is。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说：What do you do？5Im an engineer我是工程师。Imaim=I am。口语中经常使用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个：a，an。在发音以元音音素开头的词前面用an，在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用a。engineer?enDNini+的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以前面要用an。（可参见Lessons 56 中的有关说明。）6数字1620的英文写法16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen 19nineteen20twenty语法 Grammar in use以疑问词what所引导的特殊疑问句（可参见 Lessons 56中的有关说明。）What？这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等：What nationality are you? 你是哪国人？Whats your job? 你是干什么的？对于以上两个问句可如下回答：Im Swedish. 我是瑞典人。Im an air hostess. 我是一名空中小姐。现在不妨改用第3人称单数来进行类似的问答：词汇学习 Word study1job n.（1）职业： Whats your job? 你是做什么工作的？（2）（一件）工作，活计： The whole job takes about 40 minutes. 整个工作大约需要四十分钟。（3）职责： Its your job to be on time. 准时是你应该做到的事。2nurse（1）n护士；照料者：Is she a nurse or a housewife? 她是护士还是家庭主妇？（2）v照料；照看：All her time goes into nursing her child. 她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。（3）v 养护；培养：nurse a young tree 养护树苗nurse an author of promise 培养有前途的作家练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 8A1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.B1 Whats his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.2 Whats her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.3 Whats his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.4 Whats her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.5 Whats his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.6 Whats her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.7 Whats his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.8 Whats his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.9 Whats her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.10 Whats his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.新概念第一册9-10课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1How are you today？你今天好吗？这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情况的寒暄话，一般回答语为：Fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢。Im fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢。Im very well, thank you. 很好，谢谢。如问及对方的先生或太太的情况，可以说 How is Tony？或Hows Emma？等。相应的回答可为 Hes fine，thanks 或 Shes very well，thankyou等。2And you？你好吗？是And how are you？的简略说法。在回答对方问候健康的话之后反问时用。3数字21与22的英文写法21twenty-one 22twenty-two语法 Grammar in use 1How？的一些社交上的用法 how 是一个表示“如何”的疑问词，可以用来引导一些用于社交场合的套话：（1）用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况： How are you? 你好吗？ How is Helen today? 海伦今天好吗？ How have you been? 你一向可好？（2）How do you do？（你好吗？）是正式介绍中的一句套话，从不用来询问健康：（3）how 经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里，如：Hows life? 生活如何？ How are things? 情况怎样？ Hows work? 工作怎么样？2形容词的意义与作用（1）形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。例如，形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、外形、颜色、产地。 （2）许多形容词可用以回答 Whatlike？这样的问题，并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。（3）英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，如：a young nurse 一位年轻的护士; an old mechanic 一位老机械师a lazy housewife 一个懒惰的家庭主妇; a thin woman 一个瘦瘦的女人词汇学习 Word study 1look v.（1）看，瞧，观，望：Look at that man. Is he thin? 瞧那个男人。他瘦吗？Look carefully before you cross the street. 过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。（2）面向，朝向： The room looks on the sea. 房间面向大海。 Two windows look to the south. 两扇窗子朝南。 2fine adj.（1）健康的；舒适的： How is Steven today? 史蒂文今天怎么样？（2）极好的，优秀的： a fine view 美好的景色 a fine teacher 一位优秀教师（3）优雅的，雅致的： He is a man with fine manners. 他是一个举止优雅的男人。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 10A1 Mr. Blake isnt a student. Hes a teacher.2 This isnt my umbrella. Its your umbrella.3 Sophie isnt a teacher. Shes a keyboard operator.4 Steven isnt cold. Hes hot.5 Naoko isnt Chinese. Shes Japanese.6 This isnt a German car. Its a Swedish car.B1 Look at that man. Hes very fat.2 Look at that woman. Shes very thin.3 Look at that policeman. Hes very tall.4 Look at that policewoman. Shes very short.5 Look at that mechanic. Hes very dirty.6 Look at that nurse. Shes very clean.7 Look at Steven. Hes very hot.8 Look at Emma. Shes very cold.9 Look at that milkman. Hes very old.10 Look at that air hostess. Shes very young.11 Look at that hairdresser. Hes very busy.12 Look at that housewife. Shes very lazy.新概念第一册11-12 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Whose shirt is that？那是谁的衬衫？ 这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。2Yes，sir？什么事，先生？ 请参见 Lessons 12课文详注以及 Lessons 34课文详注。3Here you are给你。是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，往往用这种表达方式。也可以说：Here it is（指单数的物）或 Here they are（指复数的物）。句中的are和is一般应重读。4非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系： it is not = it isnt = its not。5数字30的英文写法： 30 thirty语法 Grammar in use 1以疑问词 whose 引导的特殊疑问句（1）用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加-s形式（如 Tims蒂姆的），或者是一个所有格代词（如 mine我的）。（2）这时 whose 也可在句子中作表语，如：（3）当所有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时，whose后面的名词可以省略：2所有格形容词和所有格代词（1）所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有，即某人或某物属于某一个人，回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my，your等是限定词，必须始终放在名词之前，只能作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者，而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词mine，yours等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物，单数或复数都一样。请见下表：This is my car. 这是我的汽车。（定语）That is her coat. 这是她的上衣。（定语）Your car is red，mine is blue. 你的车是红色的，我的是蓝色的。（主语）This book is his，not yours. 这本书是他的，不是你的。（表语）I have my way, and she has hers. 我有我的处事方式，她有她的。（宾语）（2）名词所有格是在词尾加-s构成的，不仅可作定语，还可作表语：Is this Daves shirt? 这是戴夫的衬衫吗？（作定语）Whose is that shirt? Is it your daughters? 那条裙子是谁的？是你女儿的吗？（作表语）练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 12A1 Stella is here. That is her car.2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.B1 Whose is this handbag? Its Stella s. Its her handbag.2 Whose is this car? Its Pauls. Its his car.3 Whose is this coat? Its Sophie s. Its her coat.4 Whose is this umbrella? Its Stevens. Its his umbrella.5 Whose is this pen? Its my daughters. Its her pen.6 Whose is this dress? Its my sons. Its his dress.7 Whose is this suit? Its my fathers. Its his suit.8 Whose is this skirt? Its my mothers. Its her skirt.9 Whose is this blouse? Its my sisters. Its her blouse.10 Whose is this tie? Its my brothers. Its his tie.11 Whose is this pen? Its Sophies. Its her pen.12 Whose is this pencil? Its Hans. Its his pencil.词汇学习 Word study1perhaps adv. 或许，大概，可能： Perhaps it is, sir. 也许是，先生。 Perhaps it will rain. 也许要下雨了。Perhaps its Sophies handbag. 也许这是索菲娅的手提包。2catch v.（1）接住，拦住： Catch!接着！（2）逮住，捕捉： catch a thief 捉住一个贼（3）染上（疾病）：catch a cold 伤风 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。新概念第一册13-14 课文详解及练习答案课文详注 Further notes on the text1Its the same colour一样的颜色。same 通常与定冠词the连用，表示“同一的”、“相同的”：two boys of the same age 两个同龄的男孩子We live in the same city. 我们住在同一个城市里。2That is a lovely hat！真是一顶可爱的帽子！句末用的是赞叹号，表现出较强的感情色彩。句中的 is 用斜体，是为了强调，应重读。3数字 40，50，60，70，80，90，100，101的英文写法：40forty 50fifty 60sixty 70seventy 80eighty 90ninety 100a hundred 101a hundred and one语法 Grammar in use 1what colour（s）引导的非凡疑问句 （可参见 Lessons 56语法中有关非凡疑问句的说明。）以疑问词 what引导的 What colour？和 What colours？类型的非凡疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如：What colour is Annas hat? 安娜的帽子是什么颜色的？What colours Helens dog? 海伦的豿是什么颜色的？What colours your shirt? 你的衬衣是什么颜色的？What colour is it? 它是什么颜色的？2祈使句（1）祈使句的主语通常不直接表示出来，其谓语动词用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如： Follow me. 跟我来。 Shut the door, please. 请关门。 Look out! 当心！ Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地！ Help yourself. 请自己动手。（2）某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词，而不是后跟人们预料的带to的动词不定式结构：Come and see this goldfish. 来看这条金鱼。（不用 Come to see）Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes. 去给自己买双新鞋吧。（不用 Go to buy）Wait and see. 等着瞧吧。（不用 Wait to see）词汇学习 Word study1nice adj.（1）美好的，好看的：Its a nice day today, isnt it? 今天天气真好，不是吗？Thats a nice dress. 那件连衣裙真好看。（2）和蔼的，友好的：He is very nice to his neighbours. 他对邻居很友善。（3）使人兴奋的，令人愉快的：It is so nice to have you here. 你能在这儿真是太好了。Have a nice time! 祝你玩得愉快点！2smart adj.（1）漂亮的，时髦的，巧妙的：Annas hat is smart. 安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。You look smart in that new dress. 你穿那件新连衣裙看上去时髦而潇洒。（2）聪明的，伶俐的，精明的：She is a smart student. 她是一名聪颖的学生。He is a smart businessman. 他是一位精明的商人。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 14A1 This is Pauls car.2 This is Sophies coat.3 This is Helens dog.4 This is my fathers suit.5 This is my daughters dress.B1 What colours Stevens car? His cars blue.2 What colours Tims shirt? His shirts white.3 What colours Sophie s coat? Her coats grey.4 What colours Mrs. Whites carpet? Her carpets red.5 What colours Daves tie? His ties orange.6 What colours Stevens hat? His hat is grey and black.7 What colours Helens dog? Her dogs brown and white.8 What colours Hans pen? His pens green.9 What colours Lumings suit? His suits grey.10 What colours Stellas pencil? Her pencils blue.11 What colours Xiaohuis handbag? Her handbags brown.12 What colours Sophie s skirt? Her skirts yellow.新概念第一册15-16 课文详解及练习答案 课文详注 Further notes on the text 1Your passports，please请出示你们的护照。 请参见 Lessons 34课文详注。2Here they are给您。本句中的 they指 passports。请参见 Lessons 1112课文详注。3名词的复数形式英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，指一个以上的事物时用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式一般是在单数名词后面加上-s，如课文中的friendfriendsfrendz，touristtouriststu+rists，casecaseskeisiz。请注重-s的不同发音。假如名词是以-s结尾的，变成复数时则要加-es，如dressdressesdresiz，blouseblousesblauziz。语法 Grammar in use 1表示复数的-s或-es一般遵循的发音规则（1）假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音（如 f， k， p，t，I；但s，M，tM除外），-s发 s的音，如：booksbuks suitssu:ts（2）假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音（如b，d，g，l，m，n，R；但z，N，DN除外）或元音，-s发 z的音，如：ties taiz dogs dogz（3）假如名词词尾的发音是s，z，M，N，tM或DN，-s发iz的音，如：dressesdresz blousesbluziz词汇学习 Word study1blue adj.（1）蓝色的，蔚蓝的： The sea is deep blue. 大海呈深蓝色。 He wears a blue tie. 他打一条蓝色的领带。（2）沮丧的，忧郁的： He looks a bit blue. 他看上去有点儿忧郁。 His mood is blue. 他的情绪低落。2grey adj.（1）灰色的，偏灰的： His hat is grey. 他的帽子是灰色的。（2）头发灰白的： Her hair is grey. 她的头发灰白。（3）面色苍白的： Tony looks grey and tired. 托尼面色苍白，显得疲惫。练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 16A1 It is an English car.2 It is a Japanese car.3 It is an Italian car.4 It is a French car.5 It is an American car.6 Robert is not a teacher.B1 What colour are your shirts? Our shirts are white.2 What colour are your coats? Our coats are grey.3 What colour are your tickets? Our tickets are yellow.4 What colour are your suits? Our suits are blue.5 What colour are your hats? Our hats are black and grey.6 What colour are your passports? Our passports are green.7 What colour are your umbrellas? Our umbrellas are black.8 What colour are your handbags? Our handbags are white.9 What colour are your ties? Our ties are orange.10 What colour are your dogs? Our dogs are brown and white.11 What colour are your pens? Our pens are blue.12 What colour are your cars? Our cars are red.新概念第一册17-18 课文详解及练习答案 课文详注 Further notes on the text1How do you do？您好。这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。一般用同样的话往返答。请参见 Lessons 56课文详注。2Come and meet our employees来见见我们的雇员这里的and表示目的。请参见 Lessons 1314中语法部分的解释。3This is Nicola Grey，and this is Claire Taylor这位是尼古拉格雷，这位是克莱尔泰勒。这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见 Lessons 56课文详注。4名词的复数形式（2）假如名词单数词尾为-f或-fe（读作f），则其复数一律变为-ves （读作vz），即将-f或-fe变成-v，再加-es而成，如 housewife-housewives。英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的，如man与woman其复数形式分别为men与women。此外还可用man，woman等来区别阳性与阴性：以-man结尾的一些复合名词指男性，如milkman- milkmen，policeman - policemen；一些以-woman结尾的名词指女性，如postwoman- postwomen，policewoman - policewomen。5数字200，1，000，1，001的英文写法200 - two hundred 1，000 - a（或 one） thousand 1，001 - a thousand and one语法 Grammar in use 1who 引导的非凡疑问句Who is？或 Who are？这类以疑问词 who引导的疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。Who？仅指人，可以用来询问男性、女性、单数或复数的人。如：注重这种句型与 What is？或 What are？这类句型的区别：What？句型主要用来询问人的类别或职业，如：请参见 Lessons 56与 Lessons 78语法部分的解释。2所有格形容词与人称代词 （请参见Lessons 1112语法部分。）所有格形容词their 意为“他们的”，其对应的人称代词是they。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格形容词形式：练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 18A1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.2 Those girls are busy. They are keyboard operators.3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.4 Look at our office assistant. He is very hard-working.5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.6 Michael Baker and Jeremy Short are employees. They are sales reps.B1 Are they keyboard operators or air hostesses? They arent keyboard operators. Theyre air hostesses.2 Are they postmen or policemen? They arent postmen. Theyre policemen.3 Are they policewomen or nurses? They arent policewomen. Theyre nurses.4 Are they customs officers or hairdressers? They arent customs officers. Theyre hairdressers.5 Are they hairdressers or teachers? They arent hairdressers. Theyre teachers.6 Are they engineers or taxi drivers? They arent engineers. Theyre taxi drivers.7 Are they policewomen or keyboard operators? They arent policewomen. Theyre keyboard operators.8 Are they milkmen or engineers? They arent milkmen. Theyre engineers.9 Are they policemen or milkmen? They arent policemen. Theyre milkmen.10 Are they nurses or housewives? They arent nurses. Theyre housewives.词汇学习 Word study1custom n. 风俗；习惯；When visiting a foreign country, we