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Unit 1 1. I planned to be observant and silent so that nobody would notice that I was a freshman. 2. For three days, I ate a mixture of junk food by myself. I got the food from a machine placed outside my dorm as if to meet my needs. 3. It did nt matter whether you were widely liked or not; you did not have to follow other people so as to be accepted by everybody else. 1. I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess. 2. My apparent confidence 3. Some food to appease my hunger 4. Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college 5. Foolish and glaring mistakes II.Distress; clutched; pose; sneaked; preoccupation; shackles; curse; deliberation III.Assure; discretion; relaxation; humiliate; strategy; embarrassment; maneuverable; maturity IV.Lived up to; headed for; seek out; has broken out; grope for; trying on; go out to; tipped off V.1.vague/indistinct; 2.carefully/meticulously; 3.self-restraint/self-control; 4.clever/intelligent/sensible; 5.manner/behaviour; 6.excited/agitated; 7.sneak; 8.mature/sophisticated VI.Became popular; respect; keep up; lead to; understand; found;use; startI.Rewrite the following.l 1.My decision to resign was wise.l 2. Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.l 3. My determination to pass the test helped me.l 4. Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.l 5. My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.l 6. His refusal to help surprised me. l 7.The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.l 8. Who can have told you that puzzles me.l III DBCC; ABDB;l IV. 1. I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.l 2. He wore glassed and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.l 3. The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.l 4. She locked the door so that she would nt be disturbed.l 5. John whispered so that others could nt hear him.l 6. Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.l 7. John has bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.l 8. The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrated his point.l V.1-5 although/though; yet; however/though; however/nevertheless/though; 5.although/though; still/nevertheless; 6. despite/in spite of; 7. although/though; 8. however; 9. however; 10 despite/in spite of;l 1. It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.l 2. He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.l 3. Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.l 4. He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.l 5. We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.l 6. After the thunderous applause die down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.l 7. He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowed.l 8. I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals.l III.我上大学的头几天颇为难忘。爸妈驾车离开，将我独自留在校园里，我手足无措。不管如何努力装成熟，我就是摆脱不了大一新生的感觉。我花了好几个小时，搞清了我选修课程所在地各个教室。第二天早上，我坐在教室的前排，打开美国文学选集，抖擞精神准备听课。但老师却说“欢迎选修生物课”，我意识到自己坐错了教室。我用铁一样的意志，摆出了一副生物专业学生的姿态，一直坚持到讲座结束。下课以后，我感到我的胃需要加点营养，于是匆匆赶往自助餐厅。但不幸的是，当我端着餐盘朝桌子走去时，脚底一滑，盘子翻倒，我失去了平衡，扑倒在地。好几天，我倍感羞辱。过后，我渐渐地意识到自己把这种微不足道的小事看得过重了。在大学里，重要的是做自然的“我”，发现真正的“我”，而不是试图把一切做得尽善尽美。l There are generally two educational methods: / the lecture method and the group learning method. / In a lecture classroom, / the teacher dominates the class / by doing most of the talking. / Students listen and take notes. / This method is best at passing on content to students. / It prepares students for a society / that values discipline and self-control. / The problem is that students forget most of the facts / that they have mechanically memorized. / In contrast, / the teacher of a group learning classroom / appears to have no definite role at all, / wandering about from group to group. / Students do not memorise information, / but they actively generate their own ideas, / each contributing insights for the success of the group. / This method prepares students for a society / that values creative ideas. / The disadvantage is that / students have not memorised enough basic facts.l Comes; others; what; going; not; offer; relate; college; not; learnUnit 2 He had dedicated all his time to work and had no hobby at all except that he played a golf game once a month which cant be taken as a hobby anyway. Their daughter said that when they were still small her father had become a company man and her mother had given up every attempt to keep him at home. . Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. died from self-motivated overwork; 2. most likely, the highest position in the company; 3. with no specific skills wanted by employers;4. trying to discover facts about his father; 5. a person suited by nature for heart-attack .Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. Survived; grabs; discreetly; deceased; obituary; conceivably; board; classics; executives .windowed; nerves; precisionist; competitiveness; execution; presided; marital; accompanied .died of; stay up; cares for; straightened out; picked out; given up; grabbed at; considered for .1.exactly; 2.immediately; 3.slacker,idler,loafer; 4.outlived; 5.disconcerted,obashed; 6.living; 7.underweight,slim; 8.queue . Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. disappointed; wait; firmly demanded; read; meant; entered cheerfully; intensifies gradually; became extinct I.1. have been playing/have played;2. has been putting /has put; 3. have pulled; 4. have been waiting; 5. have picked; have grown/have been growing; 6. has been getting/has got; has been rising/has risen; has come; 7. has been; has been looking; has nt found; 8. has failed; has got; II； III. A: have been waiting for; have you been doing; B: have been shopping; have bought; A: met; was waiting; B: speaks; A: has he been learning; A:did you say; ：has been studying, was; ：have you gone; A:are saying; ：isnt, have been walking; IV .1-4 has broken; has been winning; ; has joined; 5-8 have known; ; was looking; have been waiting; V. Even so; yet; however; nevertheless; for example; in contrast; however; also 1.当然,就像你想象中的那样,他每月打一次高尔夫球,他没有其他的爱好. 2.”想了他这么多年了”,她如此在乎的这个男人,必须放弃她. 3.他是唯一一个能够抓住父亲的人,尝试把父亲留在家里. 4.在葬礼上,60岁的总裁安慰48岁的遗孀说,这位51岁的死者对公司的贡献巨大,没有人可以替代他的位置. 1.My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the year round. 2. The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they will help to cultivate students tremendous interest in the external world. 3. He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning. 4. Since you are learning the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week. 5. He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph. D dissertation on time. 6. Nothing can replace the profoundest love in ones heart of hearts. 7. He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has been an excellent vice-president for almost ten years.8. He is just too common to be picked out from the crowed III.他是个经典人物，因为他是工作累死的。他们都相信，假如他能多活5年的话，将自然被提拔为第一把手。他一直被誉为同事们的典范。他一周工作6天，一天工作10多个小时。他的兴趣只限于工作。当然，他偶尔锻炼一下，以保持身体健康。他将任何形式的娱乐活动都视作浪费时间。他太忙了，没有时间和孩子们待在一起，结果跟孩子们有点疏远了，至少他的孩子们是这么想的。然而，他对公司来说却十分重要，公司里每个人都爱他，甚至崇拜他，因为在他们眼里，他几乎完美。但是，谁来帮助这孤儿寡母收拾他去世后的残局呢？ . Hours; while; less; from; explain; by; late; difference; policies; taking Everyone is under some pressure / in the workplace. / Some external pressures / can be a positive factor, / helping us to be more productive. / Some people actually thrive / under short-term added pressure, / and our bodies are designed to meet these short-term demands. / Hormones are released to prepare us / for a “fight or flight” response / to demanding situations. / However, excessive and prolonged stress / can take its toll, / producing a range of physical and emotional health problems, / which have come to be grouped as “work-related stress”. / The experience of stress is different for every person. / Some people are affected more than others, / so what is stressful for one person / may not be stressful for another. / It can depend on your personality type / and on how you have learned to respond to pressure.Unit 3 1. People in the united states tend to drive for every purpose, so much that they have forgotten that they still have legs and about what their legs can do. 2. I admitted that I have never realized how poorly equipped our bodies are in this respect. 3.maybe I was the only one who had ever attempted to cross that intersection on foot. 1. pleasant/comfortable; practically2.very long; (place of) physical exercises3.was made to realize this4.decided not to have coffee and instead to go(to the bookstore)5.held in mind II.Negotiated; debonair; dodging; notion; compact; contortion; thrive; undertaking III. disagreeable; eccentricity; acquainted; ridicule; triumphal; deficiencies; woefully; contorted IV.Going about; going through; pops out; pace off; pulled up; dug out; stroll up to; habituated to . 1. bustling/exciting; 2.old/time-honored; 3.depressed/downhearted/low-spirited; 4.absurd/ridiculous; 5 indifferent/unconcerned; 6.infuriating/irritating; 7.failure/defeat; 8. again VI.Encountered; cause; agreed to; limited to; idling about; relied on; tolerate; deserted/abandoned I.1-4 had been talking; had been working; had worked; had been applying; 5-8 had broken; had been standing; had swallowed; had been; II.1-4 has been empty; had been working for the company; had been waiting for me for half an hour; had had lunch; 5-8 had left; has been living; had repaired the engine; had told; III L1-L3 . had seen; returned; did nt have; did nt have; had; done; was; did nt have; L4-L6 did; left; had; was; decided; picked; L7-L8 went; slammed; felt; had reminded; L9-L10 had searched; found; remembered; were; IV.1-5 will; shall; should; would; will; 6-10 shall; should; should; would; would; V 1. nowadays; 2. ages ago; 3. lately; just; 4. soon; after a long time; 5. immediately; eventually; 6. once; 7. recently; 8. for weeks; 1. 我几乎每天都步行到邮局或图书馆或书店，心情特别不错的时候，路过咖啡馆会进去喝一杯卡布奇诺。 2. 为了避免走路，我们愿意承受反常的扭曲之苦。 3. 我肯定，他会慢跑很长的距离，会打壁球，会进行各种有益健康的运动，但我同样也肯定，他一定是开车去那些运动场所的。 4. 当时，这一切显得多荒唐、多令人恼怒，但过后我意识到，我或许是唯一一个有过步行穿过十字路口想法的人。 1. The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higher education in the world. 2. If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly make himself a success with only what he has acquired in class. 3. I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of this week. 4. He feels that it is ludicrous to write about a contemporary topic in an ancient style. 5. The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples like to come to coo in the 70s and 80s of the last century. 6. His daughter is very sedate for a girl of about ten, for she likes reading more than playing. 7. The couple strolled hand-in-hand along the country road when the sun in its first splendor steeped the earth. 8. The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romantic genius when alive. III.大约三年前，我和妻子对大城市的嘈杂生活感到厌倦，因此，决定在一个小镇落户，那里安静宜人。现在我们的生活很好，因为这地方方便，办点事步行去就行。我经常四处走走，心情好的时候，在咖啡店歇一下，喝杯饮料，或者在洲际戏院停住脚步，看一场戏。但是，有些人似乎不理解为的怪癖行为。我喜欢尽可能的多走路，这是大部分人所不能理解的，因为他们太过于依赖车子了。有时，几乎到了荒唐的程度，即便只是10分钟的路程，他们仍然喜欢驾车。有时，我在独自散步，他们会问我是否需要搭车。但我认为，车子使腿脚功能退化。在这个社会里，多数人占主导地位。我意识到，我或许是唯一主张短距离步行的人，这也就是我不时遇到麻烦的原因。比如：许多商店把门前清理出来，只容顾客停车，店家关心的只是商业成功。 Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate. More; around; free; leave; programs; ease; it; signed; environmental; handing; only ; withUnit 4v 1. Nowadays, people believe that they can have fun whenever they want it, and that they should have fun; otherwise they would be leading a dull and bitter life as a puritan.v 2. We have long assumed that fun was easy to have, but now we are paying a price for that shallow-mindedness, i.e., our party is hardly as much fun as it is intended to be.v I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.v 1.we should morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life; 2. that made all other questions less significant; 3. counting fun as the most important quality in life; 4. the best example of having fun; 5. like something more than simple of having funv II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.v 1-4 overshadows; traipse; fetish; flunked; 5-8 swilling; flicked; epitome; licentiousness; v III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.v Insured; underserved; generosity; benefits; regrettable; mirthful; blasphemy; reverencev IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.v turn into; occurred to; end up; step up; pay back; look forward to; look for; managed tov V.1. excursion; 2. failing; 3. irreverently; 4. advertisements; 5. quintessence/embodiment; 6. grief/sadness/melancholy; 7. profane; 8. examine/scrutinize;v VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.v 1-4 drew attention to; represents; fully explain; challenged by; 5-8 support; bored; be well understood; visited;v I.1. Since everybody says Woody Allens latest film is good, I think Ill go and see it.v 2. All of us were very excited because the departure was approaching.v 3. The excitement will be so great that nobody will be able to sleep.v 4. As Mr.Jordan liked Morocco very much when first went there, he wants to go there again.v 5. This album of Bruce Springsteen sounds exciting, so we are thinking of buying it.v 6. My wife coughed a lot last night. As a result, she is thinking of giving up smoking for a while.v 7. Seeing that the students were not interested, Professor Jones ended the seminar.v 8. I feel much better now that Ive talked to you. v II.1.New investment has been made in order that roads can be improved.v 2.Being late, she took a taxi so as not to lose time.v 3.Audiovisual equipment is often used for language learning.v 4.She never walked through the park for fear that she might meet him again.v 5.She decided to move to London so that she could be near her child.v 6.Shell be at the airport in order to meet the new tourist group.v 7.Take your passport in case they ask for identification,v 8.She goes to work by bus to avoid using the car.v III.1. did it all happen; 2. because of; 3. guaranteeing; 4. such a shock; 5. they found him guilty for he had no convincing explanation for his actions. 6. could learn; 7. about that it; 8. in order to/ in order that they could;v IV 1. such that; 2. thus; 3. in that; 4. with; 5. sothat 6. owing to; 7. for; 8. seeing that v V.Para.1 should/would like; have; heard; would; suit; doesnt apply; wont get;v Para.2 saw; had/has; left/leaving; said; was going; promised; found/had found; have heard; dont know; went; v para.3 know; should/would be; would phone; have tried; doesnt seem;v 1.“有趣吗？”这一问题使所有其他问题黯然失色，比如:“道德吗？仁慈吗？诚实吗？有益吗？慷慨吗？有必要吗？和（我最喜欢的）无私吗？”等一些有意义的问题。v 2. 当乐趣成为生活中的主要内容时，随之而来必定是对乐趣的迷恋崇拜。v 3. 在坐待乐趣来临的时候，我发现其实并没有多少乐趣可言，我得告诉你们这一点，免得你们担心自己找乐子的能力。v 4. 由于我们多年来总以为乐趣无处不在，快乐之神用拒绝光临我们聚会的方式来对我们实施报复。v Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.v 1. It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout the ages.v 2. The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century in America.v 3. It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.v 4.Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.v 5. They traipsed all the way to the Peoples Square for the celebrations of the National Day.v 6.He does not deserve such severe punishment as he has committed neither serious errors nor grave crimes.v 7. Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.v 8.Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.v III.有人认为, 生活中乐趣胜过生命中其他一切事情。他们甚至从不考虑任何严肃的事，从来不对这种乐趣是否道德、是否诚实或是否有必要这类问题提出疑问。当然，许多事情确实有乐趣。全家郊游有乐趣，打一场篮球有乐趣，喝着咖啡聊天有乐趣。但是，如果你把找乐子看成是生活中必不可少的东西的话，那么，你必然会追求越来越刺激的方法来从中获得乐趣，其中一个典型的方法是不断提升冒险或酗酒的程度，以设法得到一点乐趣。你应该避免亵渎乐趣，否则，过火的代价可能会是，不管你如何努力，就是没有乐趣。所以，正确的方法是带着一份敬意来看待乐趣，这样，你时常可以有一点新鲜的乐趣。v Fill in each blank in the passage below with one word you think appropriate.v As; hands; go; up; industries; or; include; on; provide; aimUnit 5 Explain the following sentences. 1.When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situations ,as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of the lies become so complexthat it ensnares the liar. 2. One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgements is dulled,and he may become less cautious against being caught. 3.The most understandable and acceptable are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists. I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. very important/shocking/traumatic 2. avoid hurting the others feelings/avoid doing something that would upset the other person; 3. modifying the truth/telling the turth with a favorable emphasis or slant; 4. a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous; 5. under any circumstances/whatever might happen; II.supportive; perceived; prevarication; astounded; undermine; faltered; fibs; volunteered. III.unethical; feigned; unsparing; cynical; confoundedly; lubricated; entangled; willfui IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. Cover up; blurted out; set up; find out; wear/wore down; specializes in; professes to; complimented.on V. 1.evasion/equivocation; 2.chronic/repeated; 3.common/prevalent/omnipresent; 4.slightly; 5.insult/reproach/criticize; 6.distort; 7.growth/multiplication; 8.strengthened/consolidated VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. Canceled; overcome; follow; fell into; make it more acceptable; feel unhappy about; removed from consideration; reserve for future use Grammar I 1-4 probability; possibility; intention; possibility; 5-8 necessity; possibility; obligation; probability; II CCBAD; BBBAA; III .1.He cant have told us everything. 2. Something must have gone wrong. 3. She cant be only thirty years old. 4. They may not know yet. 5. The road could/may have been closed. 6. The police must know that. 7. There may/could have been a traffic jam. 8. The letter could/may arrive today. 9. That will/must be my mother.10. There should be time to do some shopping IV.1.When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends. 2. When heated, metal expands. 3. If true, it will cause us a lot of trouble. 4. Whenever possible, they should be typed. 5. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 6. Send the goods now, if ready. 7. If necessary, ring me at home. 8.He glanced about as if in search of something.V.1. discussing; having reached; 2. paying; 3. lying; sitting; 4. to pacify; to be pacified; grumbling; 5. repeat; to make; to do; 6. go
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