step-by-step-3000第二册1到5答案和原文

Unit 1 Part I A 87 80 53 48 24 17 Script The Porter Family Mr William Porter is very old He is 87 And Mrs Catherine Porter is 80 Mr Porter is from Wales John Porter and Mary are brother and sister John Porter is 53 and he is a lawyer His wife Susan is 48 and she is an architect James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17 Part I B 1 spending special time together 2 specific complain request praise 3 fatigue insecurities foxhole striking out protect 4 distant 5 all marriages Work together o understand 6 Respect danger professional physical verbal 7 Understand win Part I C 40 excel domestic argument losing win win lose lose win a gift returns argue over aren t who in control fear didn t need ought not to couldn t tried to destroy marriage love loved secure discover garden cultivate the most precious own self bloom obtain our partner loved and respected control Part II A A2 1 similar social backgrounds 2 the same race or same ethnic background 3 the same religion A3 Japan 9 2 arranged marriages 3 between blacks and whites Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and husbands In many other countries spouse are often chosen by the parents In China and Japan before this century 20th century upper class marriages were arranged by the older males In many cultures in the Middle East Asia and pre industrial Europe the man s family negotiated a bride price with the woman s family the man s family was expected to pay it In Hindu India the bride s family paid a groom s price to the family of the man These customs are weakening for intance only 9 2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged What are the criteria for choosing mates Most marriages whether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love are based on similar social backgrounds In other words the man and the woman come from the same social class or else a class that is only slightly higher or slight lower Among many people in Egypt key members of the man s family must go to the family of the woman and propose marriage These family members must be able to show that the man s family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world In the U S Where there are many different races only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage In many countries marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate In culture in which religion is very strong value marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences Part II B 1 physical appearance 2 what somebody looks like look beyond the physical appearance 3 the high percentage of divorces 4 falling love with somebody loving somebody Script What do you think it is that attracts people to each other that makes people want to be together I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it s the physical appearance that attracts I think unless you find somebody attractive unless there s something about them it could only perhaps be the way they smile or they laugh or a twinkle in their eye or the way of a curl falls over their forehead But something like that has to make you interested enough to find out more about that person unless that s there I think you just don t bother So initially physical attraction I think is all important Why do you say unfortunately Because in fact it shouldn t be what somebody looks like that is important You should be able to look beyond he physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is whether they are selfish or selfless whether they are kind caring But I think initially you are not bothered with that That come perhaps later In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and son on the idea of falling love in s always emphasized so people have this idea that you have to fall in love Do you think this is misleading for people Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn t exist Yes I do In fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorce it s a third I think now isn t it I think one in three people get divorced Probably as far as I can see it the reason is that they go into marriage or into a relationship with a very romantic view of love which I think has been created by the pop songs by all the love stores by the Barbara Cartland novels etc that young people read Really you meet someone you fall in love and that s it it s the beginning they live happily even after And I think that s the problem because people just expect that and it s not like that So what is it do you think that really sustains a relationship that keeps a relationship going Well I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody which I see as more superficial and loving somebody which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts Falling in love is superficial attraction being attracted to somebody physically having fun together whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows it comes with shared experiences perhaps enjoying doing the same things together shared hobbies shared interests suffering together as well going through the bad times helping each other supporting each other I think all that needs time to grow and I d call that love and I think that s what makes a relationship last Part II C one of the biggest decisions they will make in life as the just right wife for him definition of what the just right wife is the millionaire man and the poor man her physical qualities different words by her physical qualities in two different atmospheres also have their definition of the just right wife the German man s definition is different from the Spanish man s Script Part III A baseball diamond frizzly hair glasses funny monologue A wine bar pizza A fancy dress party the man dressed as Cheshire Cat Outside a cinema coincidence he d also missed the film A boat the river bank fell in river he dived in and rescued her Script Kate I was on my way home from junior high and in order to get to my house you have to walk by this baseball diamond And there was a game of baseball going on and it looked kind of interesting so I stopped There weren t very many people watching And there was this guy and he wasn t really very good looking but he had frizzly hair and glasses and he was really funny He did this kind of monologue thing which war great And I went home and I told my mother I was going to marry him after talking to him for half an hour And when I got to high school he was president of the student body and he asked me out and we ve got our picture in the yearbook together holding hands and it s really nice Ke Well I d arranged to have a drink with a friend of mine a woman friend of mine who s a platonic friend of mine And she insisted on bringing this friend of hers who she said I d like to meet and I thought she was trying to fix us up and I said Please don t But she did bring this friend and we hit it off And after the wine bar we went to have a pizza and we all had a few more drinks and the other woman who ended up ordering a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that she really liked so we picked at each other s pizzas all night and we realized that we were sort of had an ideal relationship so that we could order really any pizza on the menu and we d both be happy And anyway we ended up living together and still are Coralyn We met at a party and it was fancy dress party A friend of mine s twenty first and it was quite big and I went dressed as Alice in Wonderland and this person this guy that I married was dressed as the Cheshire Cat And it just seemed so amazing that you know we were both from the same thing and we started chatting and ended up being together Jill I d arranged to go to the cinema with a group of friends and unfortunately I missed the train that would have got me to standing outside the film had started So I wasn t allowed in And there was a chap outside he d also missed the film and we started to talk and we talked quite a bit and he said Let s go down the road and see that film because that one hasn t started at the Odeon So we went down there and we ve been going out ever since Carole I first met my partner when he was on a boat and I was on the river bank standing and looking generally into the distance and he was coming in to land with his boat and he threw me a rope and said Would you mind catching this and I caught it and missed and tripped over it and fell in the river and he had to dive in and rescue me And that was it Part IV Book choked disappointment take you to dinner tolerant smile went by rose big restaurant test understand and admire Script John Blanchard stood up from the bench straightened his army uniform and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station He looked for the girl whose heart he knew but whose face he didn t the girl with the rose His interest in her had begun thirteen months before in Florida library Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued not with the words of the book but with the notes penciled in the margin The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind In the front of the book he discovered the previous owner s name Miss Hollis Maynell With time and effort he located her address She lived in New York City He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War through the mail Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart A romance was budding Blanchard requested a photograph but she refused She felt that if he really cared it wouldn t matter what she looked like When the day finally come for him to return from Europe they scheduled their first meeting 7 00p m At the Grand Hotel Station in New York You will recognize me she wrote by the red rose I ll be wearing on my lapel So at 7 00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved but whose face he d never seen I ll let Mr Blanchard tell you what happened A young woman was coming toward me her figure long and slim Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears Her eyes were as blue flowers Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness and in her pale green suit she was like spring time coming alive I started toward her entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose As I moved a small provocative smile curved her lips Going my way sailor she murmured Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her and then I saw Holllis Maynell She was standing almost directly behind the girl A woman well past 40 she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat She was more than plump her thick ankled feet thrust into low heeled shoes The girl in the green suit was waking quickly away I felt as thought I was split into two so keen was my desire to follow her and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own And there she stood Her pale plump face was gentle and sensible her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle I did not hesitate My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her This would not be love but it would be something precious something perhaps even better than love Unit 2 Shaping and reshaping personality Part I A 1 h 2 d 3 j 4 k 5 b 6 i 7 g 8 e 9 l 10 f 11 c 12 a Tape script 1 Taurus April 21 May12 is represented by a bull 2 Virgo is represented by a young woman 3 Capricorn by a goat 4 Pisces by two fish 5 Aquarius by the water bearer 6 Leo by a lion 7 Cancer by a crab 8 Aries by a ram 9 Gemini by twins 10 Sagitarus by a centaur shooing an arrow 11 Scorpio by a scorption 12 Libra by a pair of measuring scales Part I B Very not very extremely sort of very Tape script W Hey Kevin Help me fill out this personality survey It ll be fun M Oh I don t know W Oh come on Ok here s the first one what should I put for aggressive M Oh I I d say very W Very Really M Yeah sure Look at the way you drive W Well Ok so I m a very aggressive driver But You have to drive like that in this city or you re gonna be hit because M Uh What s the next one W Selfish M Oh not at all W Really Well Maybe just a little I mean a lot of people are right Just a little bit You know I mean I try to think of other people but sometimes I do just think of myself I guess M Ok Ok so put not very W OK M But you can put extremely for the next one W What Oh kind M Yes Don t you think you are an extremely kind person W I am Ok if you say so Oh look t this next one W Yeah M Hmm I don t know Sometimes you can be really patient but other times you are not patient at all Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got W Ok ok I get your point I ll put sort of M Ok that s right W Next one jealous I guess I am sort of jealous M Sort of I d put very Remember how angry you got when my ex girlfriend called the other day I remember you are gonna raise the roof W All right all right Very Part I C Ambitious and proud Helpful and honest Selfish and unreliable Tape script George W So what are you going to do after you graduates George G I m going to start my own business W Oh really What type of business G Well I haven t decided yet but I know I ll be successful in anything I do In fact I am going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years Just wait and see I have everything it takes I am smart I can organize people And I am full of ideas that can make money Karen K Hey Look at this wallet on the sidewalk Wow There s lot of money in it But no identification Mmm I wonder how I can find the owner I guess I will take it to the police station and see if anyone has reported a lost wallet Pam M What are you doing tonight Pam P Well I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie but I don t feel like going I think I will go shopping instead M Won t Bill get mad P Oh I am sure he can find something else to do M Oh P Besides I really need some new clothes I haven t bought any for nearly a month M Huh Part II Young boys 1 Measure the boys abilities and how they felt about their own abilities 2 Three groups those with high self esteem middle self esteem low self esteem 3 In all situation at home at work in school with friends 1 Active able to express ideas successful in school and in relations with other people creative led in discussions interested in world problems seldom tired or sick 2 Like the boys with high self esteem express ideas freely saw the world as a good and happy place not sure of their own value 3 Sad most time afraid to start activities felt no love couldn t express ideas afraid of anger no talk in discussion a closeness b good behavior b almost anything c definite strict kind and thoughtful c no definite d rewards d harsh punishment e democratic respected f importance taken away f didn t love them Tape script Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain and their functions They have also studied the development of the personality for example how a baby learns to love In recent studies at two universities in the United States scientists have investigated the development of self esteem Self esteem is the respect a person has for himself his belief in his ability and in the value of what he does The scientists studied self esteem in young boys They gave them many tests These test measured the boys abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities After the tests the boys were divided into three groups those with high esteem those with middle esteem and those with love self esteem The scientist continued to study the boys in all situations They studied them at home at work in school and with their friends From their studies the scientists made some observations Boys with high self esteem were active They were able to express their ideas They were successful in school and in their relations with other people In discussions they led They didn t just listen They were interested in world problems They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started They seldom became tired or sick In many ways the boys with middle self esteem were like the boys with high self esteem They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place However they were not sure of their own value as people They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them The boys with low self esteem were different from the other two groups They were sad most of them time They were afraid to start activities They felt that no one loved them They could not express their ideas They were afraid of anger In a discussion they listened but they didn t talk The scientists asked How do some boys develop high self esteem What is different in their lives Some of the answers were surprising High self esteem did not depend upon physical appearance or money or size of family It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self esteem and their parents Their parents showed real interest in them and spend time with time They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it They knew their sons friends The son knew that they were important to their parents These parents demanded good behavior They mad definite rules They were strict but not harsh They corrected their sons behavior by rewards not by punishment They never took away their love On the other hand the parents of boys with low self esteem let their sons do almost anything If a boy made a mistake the parents punished him harshly They boys believed that their parents didn t love them There were no definite rules The family life of the boys with high self esteem was democratic The parents made rules but they led in a kind and thoughtful way They showed respect for their children s ideas even when they did not agree with them They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans These boys were productive citizens Now these scientists are studying other groups of children They want to learn how to help children with low self esteem feel better about themselves In this way these children can become productive citizens too Part III A Sad temporary long suffer from mental Anyone ten developing 80 percent drugs effective carefully Without activity minor walking 30 four improve physical traditional hour talking doctors Discussion ways problems Education understand Part III B1 Joyous warm loving Manifest anger vent anger on somebody Dump anger Tape script Speaker 1 I actually very rarely get anger I ve quite a long tether when it comes to anger which doesn t mean I really don t believe I m suppressing any anger at all but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me Like if for example if I m buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being I won t get angry with him but I ll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks And that for me severs its purpose I do feel cleansed after a situation like that Of course I do sometimes if it s absolutely necessary I do get very angry if I m taken that far But I certainly don t suppress any anger Speaker 2 Well my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights I mean if I don not sleep well I wake up in the morning I am angry I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody If I sleep well then everything is fine I m a joyous warm loving person Sleepless nights I m full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon As weak as that may sound that s how I work And it s terrible sort of