大学英语视听进阶-2教师手册

大学英语视听进阶 2教师手册上海外语教育出版社Unit 1 on the menuWarming UpAnswer KeyAnswers will vary, but should be supported by reasons to show that students have properly considered the questions.Listening1A The Home of the OliveAnswer KeyBefore You ListenA. 1. separate2. enhance3. cultivate4. harvest5. produceB. b. the history and benefits of olive oilListening ComprehensionA. 1. d2. c 3. b 4. d 5. a B. Inside the Mediterranean Region: a and d; Outside the Mediterranean Region: b; Both: c and eAfter You ListenA.1. in the process of2. accounted for3. associated with4. getting cancer5. evidence6. limits trans fats to7. approximatelyB.1. d2. a3. e4. c5. bC. 1. Refer to the listening script. 2. Answers will vary, but students must give examples to support their answers. ScriptAn Oil for LifeMaria Alcal?of Madrid speaks for many Mediterranean people when she says that a meal without olive oil would be a bore. No one knows when the Mediterranean civilizations initially fell in love with olives. That occurred before recorded history. However, there is evidence that the cultivation of olive trees began in countries around the Mediterranean Sea in approximately 4,000 B.C., and 2,000 years after that people in the eastern Mediterranean region began to produce oil from olives. The Mediterranean still accounts for 99 percent of all world olive oil production.From ancient times until today, the basic process of producing the oil is the same. First, whole olives are crushed. Then, the liquid is separated from the solids. After that, the valuable oil is separated from the water.Many olive growers maintain their ancient traditions and still harvest the olives by hand. We . harvest in the traditional way, says Don Celso, an olive farmer from Tuscany, Italy. It would be less expensive to do it with machines, but its more a social thing. Twenty people come to help with the harvest, and we pay them in oil.The Benefits of Olive OilOlive oil has had a variety of uses through its long history. In ancient times, olive oil was used as money and as medicine. It was even used during war - heated up and dropped down on attackers. It is still used in religious ceremonies. It is great for protecting the freshness of fish and cheese. There are even olive oil lamps and olive oil soaps.One important study showed that Mediterranean people have the lowest rate of heart disease among Western nations. This is partly associated with their frequent use of olive oil. Other studies have shown that food cooked in olive oil is healthier, and that eating olive oil twice a day reduces womens risk of getting breast cancer. The world is beginning to understand its benefits, and olive oil is no longer an unusual sight at dinner tables outside the Mediterranean region. The olive oil producing countries now sell large amounts of olive oil to countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and North and South America.Olive oil enhances the lives of people everywhere. Its benefits, recently confirmed by science, were already understood in ancient times. Mediterranean people are happy to share their secret with the world.A. Multiple Choice.Question 1. What is the purpose of this passage? Question 2. When did the cultivation of olive trees begin around the Mediterranean Sea? Question 3. Which step occurs first in olive oil production? Question 4. Which use of olive oil is NOT mentioned in the article? Question 5. Why has the author included information about several studies of olive oil?After You ListenScriptTrans fats are specially treated cooking oils often used in the process of preparing various foods sold in restaurants and stores. Until recently, trans fats accounted for nearly all the cooking oil used in fast food restaurants. Recently, as a result of health studies, trans fats have been associated with higher rates of heart disease and with higher chances of getting cancer and other health problems. Based on this new evidence, one American city recently passed a law that limits trans fats to, at most, approximately one half gram in any food product.1B A Taste of the CaribbeanAnswer KeyBefore You ListenA. From top to bottom: 4, 5, 1, 3, 2B. 1. It is a sauce or base for other dishes; 2. onion, garlic, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, cilantro, olive oil, and oreganoListening ComprehensionA. 1. a2. b3. b4. c5. bB. 1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. T7. FAfter You ListenA. 1. mildness of this aspect of 2. relief from the delicious but spicy main dishes3. coconut, banana, or mango 4. Colorful little sweets5. layers of 6. holding a colorful treasure in a plastic cup7. traditional imported flavorsB. 1. invaded2. contrasting3. assumption4. immigration5. Remarkably C. 2. a) and b) Answers will vary, but students must give examples to support their answers.ScriptSofrito SensationPuerto Rico, a Caribbean island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it. However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the island of Puerto Rico was already known as Borik閚 and was inhabited by the Ta韓o people. Ta韓o cuisine included such foods as rodents with sweet chili peppers, fresh shellfish, yams, and fish fried in corn oil.Many aspects of Ta韓o cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves. Ta韓o cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes. The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island. Africans also added to the islands food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes like pi駉n ?plantains layered in ground beef. In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for - plantains, coffee, sugarcane, coconuts, and oranges - was actually imported by foreigners to the island.A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy. Its true that chili peppers are popular; aj?caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. The base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, garlic, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, oregano, cilantro, and a handful of other spices. It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes. How to Make a Basic SofritoIngredients 1 yellow onion; 2 cloves garlic; 1 green bell pepper; 3 to 4 sweet chili peppers; 3 cilantro (coriander) leaves; 1 tablespoon olive oil; 1/4 teaspoon dried whole oregano DirectionsRemove skins from onion and garlic. Clean and prepare green bell and sweet chili peppers. Wash in water. Then finely chop these ingredients, including the cilantro leaves. Place a heavy-bottomed pot over low heat; add oil and oregano. Add the chopped ingredients. Continue cooking for about three to four minutes, stirring occasionally.A. Multiple Choice.Question 1. Who lived in Puerto Rico first? Question 2. Which of the following is a major point of the listening passage? Question 3. How much olive oil is used in the recipe for sofrito?Question 4. Which of the following is NOT true? Question 5. How is sofrito used?ScriptWelcome to a world of small, beautiful works of art that you just cant stop yourself from eating: the world of Thai sweets. The mildness of this aspect of Thai cuisine provides some relief from the delicious but spicy main dishes. The base of Thai sweets - perhaps rice, coconut, banana, or mango - gives them a lovely taste that says Thailand. Colorful little sweets shaped like bananas, apples, mangoes, and oranges are even more beautiful and delicious than the real thing. Lovely rice cakes called kanom chan have layers of green, white, and pink, or are shaped like flowers. If you travel through Thailand on a hot day, you may occasionally see a child holding a colorful treasure in a plastic cup. Its delicious Thai flavored ice杗am kang sai. If you prefer ice cream, coconut is the most popular among Thais, although traditional imported flavors such as vanilla or strawberry are also well-liked.ViewingGreek OlivesAnswer KeyBefore You ViewA.1. F2. T3. FB.Refer to the Video Summary.Viewing ComprehensionA. 1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. T7. TB. 1. around olive trees most of my life; several years back2. like them; hate them 3. ordered a pizza; had olives on it; couldnt take it4. tastes oldC. 1. They are said to offer an olive branch to end a war.2. You can eat the olives, make oil from olives and make a kind of tea from the leaves.3. Olive oil can be used for cooking, for light, and occasionally as medicine.After You ViewA. 1. identify2. processed3. civilization4. evidence5. remarkable6. aggressive7. assumedB. 1. Refer to the video script. Answers will vary.2. The answers will vary, but must be based on the fact or facts.ScriptOlive OilNarrator:Throughout much of the Mediterranean, olives are an important aspect of everyday life. Walk through any Greek market and youll find evidence of how important they really are. Here, on the island of Naxos, youll see them in different sizes and in different colors: green, black, brown .Tourist:I must admit, I was around olive trees most of my life, and it wasnt until several years back that I found out the green olive and the black olive came from the same tree.Narrator:Like this tourist, a lot of people assume that black and green olives come from different trees. In fact, most people probably wouldnt recognize an olive tree.This time of year, on the hills of Naxos, the olive trees have flowers on them. Without the fruit, though, the tree isnt easy to identify.Christina Lefteris, Naxos School of Ecology:In this area, between Monitsia and the other village of Moni, which is up in the hills, there are some of the very old olive trees.Narrator:To make green olives, you need to collect them when they are still young. Christina Lefteris:There are small ones and some giant ones and people decide which ones they prefer. Well, I like all of them. I think I would never say no to any olive.Narrator:Not everyone has the same liking for them.Tourist:I dont like them. I hate them.Tourist:Yesterday, I ordered this pizza which had olives on it and I couldnt take it.Tourist:It tastes old, it tastes ugly.Narrator:Its true that olives are old. Some trees have been alive for thousands of years. In fact, olives have been an important part of life here since the early days of Greek civilization. In Greek tradition, Eirene, the goddess of peace, is shown carrying an olive branch. Even today, olives are associated with peace. If people want to end a war, they are said to offer an olive branch.Katherina Bolesch, LOlivie Halki:From the olive tree, you can actually make . you can use everything. There is nothing you throw away.Narrator:Katherina Bolesch owns a remarkable shop in Naxos where everything is made from olives.Katherina Bolesch:You eat the olives, you make oil from it. You can make a kind of tea from the leaves.Narrator:Olive oil accounts for much of Greeces olive production. To produce the best liquid, olives are collected and processed once they have become black. The sooner they are pressed, the better the oil. Used for cooking, for light, and occasionally as medicine, the oil is believed to give good health and long life to those who use it.Christina Lefteris:Theyre very valuable for vitamins, and their oils are very healthy.Narrator:And the olive trees themselves also help to give the land a feeling of peace.Christina Lefteris:You can have a look around and understand that all these trees are not aggressive. Their color is a little soft, all their shape is quite mild. Something that lasts long, give fruits, I think its a good feeling of what peace means.WritingAnswer KeyA. Refer to summaries of each lesson in this unit.B. Apart from olives, onion also has health benefits. There are many different varieties of onion: yellow, red, white and green, each with their own unique flavor. Onions can also be cooked in various ways in different cuisines around the world. Onions are generally thought useful in treating colds, coughs and asthma. In Chinese medicine, doctors also use onions to treat bacterial infections. Onions are a good resource of vitamins. According to some studies, they can protect our heart, lower the sugar level in blood and even protect us from cancer.Unit 2 Animals and LanguageWarming UpAnswer Key1. Scientists who have studied animal intelligence say that primates such as chimpanzees and gorillas top the list, followed by dolphins, elephants, and pigs. 2. Animals communicate with sounds, body positions, and movements. 3. Answers will vary, but should be supported by reasons to show that students have properly considered the questions.Listening2A Ocean GiantsAnswer KeyBefore You ListenA. a. 2b. 1c. 3B. Answers will vary. Humpback whales are intelligent, lighthearted, and active at the surface of the water, and swim close to land.Listening ComprehensionA. 1. b2. d 3. d4. b 5. b B. 1. b2. c3. e4. d5. aAfter You ListenA. 1. variety of singing whale2. marine biologist3. probably the most complex in the animal kingdom4. as fast as 48 kilometers per hour5. hunted them until they nearly disappeared last century6. which dont hurt the whales7. valuable information about the ways blue whales swim, eat, and singB. 1. constantly2. alarmed3. harmed4. awareness5. unknownScriptSong of the HumpbackHerman Melville, the writer of the famous whale story Moby Dick, wrote that humpback whales were the most lighthearted of all the whales. A favorite of whale watchers everywhere, they swim in ocean areas close to land and are active at the surface, often jumping out of the water and coming down with a great splash. They are intelligent animals and can be seen working together as they hunt schools of small fish. And, if you listen closely, you might even hear one singing.Recording Gentle GiantsMarine biologist Jim Darling has studied the songs of humpback whales for 25 years. While recording whale songs on a boat near Hawaii, he invited author Douglas Chadwick to experience diving with a humpback. In the water, the way Chadwick heard the whales songs changed completely. Suddenly, I no longer heard the whales voice in my ears. I felt it inside my head and bones. He clearly sensed the whales silent awareness of him. The 13-meter-long giant looked him over curiously, but never harmed him.The whale then swam under the boat. It pointed its head down to the ocean floor and, with flippers extended out to its sides, began to sing. Up in the boat, Darling recorded the whales song. Such songs may be long and complex, lasting for 30 minutes or more; they are perhaps the longest songs sung by any animal.Why Do They Sing?Darling says that only male humpbacks sing, but for unknown reasons. It was previously thought that they sang to attract females, but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and no females came around. Another idea is that male humpbacks compete with each other using songs, just as other male animals do using antlers, or tusks.In addition to their long and mysterious songs, humpbacks make a variety of other sounds as they interact each day. When alarmed by enemies such as killer whales, or when the feeding is especially good, the sounds they produce can be louder than an airplane engine. A Brighter Future During the days of heavy whale hunting, the world humpback population was reduced from an estimated 125,000 to around 6,000 animals. Thanks to laws against hunting, humpbacks now number perhaps 30,000 animals, although the constantly moving humpbacks are very difficult to count. However, it now seems that this mysterious singer will continue to sing for years to come.A. Multiple Choice.Question 1. What is this listening passage mainly about?Question 2. Why do humpbacks sing?Question 3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a situation in which humpbacks make sounds?Question 4. Which of these statements has been shown by scientists to be incorrect?Question 5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ScriptAnother variety of singing whale is the blue whale. Like humpbacks, blue whales sing songs that marine biologist Phillip Clapham describes as probably the most complex in the animal kingdom. Although they are the largest whales in the ocean, blue whales can move as fast as 48 kilometers per hour when interacting with other whales. However, this speed couldnt help them escape from their human enemies, who hunted them until they nearly disappeared last century.Happily, laws now protect blue whales, and their numbers are increasing again. Curious to know more about them, National Geographic scientists have connected cameras to blue whales in the ocean. The cameras, which dont hurt the whales, have given scientists valuable information about the ways blue whales swim, eat, and sing. This information helps scientists better understand and protect blue whales.2B Our Bond with DogsAnswer KeyBefore You ListenA. Answers will vary, but ask students to provide reasons for their choice to show the students have properly considered the questions.B. 1. Jacques, a beagle2. Tiffy, a Maltese3. Jessie, a whippetListening ComprehensionA. 1. c2. b3. b4. c5. aB. 1. Tiffy: d and e2. Jacques: c3. Jessie: b4. Both Jessie and Jacques: aAfter You ListenA. Refer to the listening script 1. the smell of our garbage 2. a use for those powerful noses 3. beneficial to all 4. smell bombs on planes 5. an excellent sense of smell 6. they are domestic animals 7. profit from the special skills of the otherB. 1. acquire2. obedient3. talent4. plenty5. selectionScriptDogs in a Human WorldThe partnership between humans and dogs began perhaps 14,000 years ago. Our first interactions may have occurred when wild dogs were attracted to human garbage, or humans may have acquired the puppies of wild dogs and trained them to be obedient pets. By means of the careful selection of dog parents, humans have been able to create a wonderful variety of dogs with plenty of talents and many different looks. Here are three examples of a dogs life in the human world.The working dogJacques is one of many beagles that work at airports for the U.S. government in a program known as the Beagle Brigade. Beagles were chosen for this work because of their powerful noses. Their job is to smell and alert officers to illegal fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail. They do the job far better than humans could alone. Some of the beagles who work in the program are donated by private owners, but many are ownerless beagles rescued from animal shelters. Many beagles who were scheduled to be euthanized are now working to keep their country safe from disease. Treated like a queen Tiffy, a beautiful eight-pound maltese is treated like a queen in New York City. Her owner, Nancy Jane Loewy, carefully prepares her meals of lamb, steak, salmon, tuna, chicken, and a variety of fresh vegetables. Tiffy also gets low-fat yogurt and cookies after dinner. Why? Loewy replies, I have a dog because the dog needs me. Leowy, whose husband has a high-paying job and whose