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Unit 11.check in : 在旅馆的登记入住 check out: 在旅馆结账离开.2.I dont know what I should do with the matter.=I dont know how I should deal with it.3. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. He found the window closed. 4. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词 过去分词 动词不定式） 使某种情况发生例：Get the shoes clean. Get Mr. Green to come. I want to get my bike repaired. 5. join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。6.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻烦，困难7. end up doing sth 结束做某事， 如：The party ended up singing. end up with sth. 以结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 8. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English9. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 10. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 11. go by (时间) 过去,流逝12. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事，强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do看见某人做了某事，强调事情的全过程 13. regard as 把看作为 14 with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下15. too many许多修饰可数名词too many girls， too much许多,修饰不可数名词too much milk， much too太,修饰形容词 much too old16. compare to(with) 把与相比如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.17. ask sb for help 向某人求助 18.get excited 高兴，激动 19.look up (v + adv) （在字典.词典.参考书等中）查找，查询 20.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 21.break off 中断，突然终止 Unit 21.used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形. used to do sth.否定形式为: didnt use to 或 usednt to 疑问形式为: Diduse to? 或 Usedto?be/get used to doing sth.习惯于, to 为介词.2. as well as 连词, 不但而且 强调前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致) I as well as they am ready to help you.3. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh4.be/ become interested in sth /doing sth. 对感兴趣 interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，主语往往是物5. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着6.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间，主语只能是sb”spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间，） spend(in)doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事He spends too much time on clothes. He spend 3 months (in) building the bridge.pay for 花费，主语只能是sb I pay 10 yuan for the book. cost (某物价值多少,主语只能是sth) The book costs me 10 yuan. take动词 有“花费”的意思，主语常常是形式主语itIt take(s) sb. to do sth. It takes me a day to read the book.7. be different from 与不同 pay attention to sth. 对注意 9.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事10as + 形容词./副词as sb. could/can 尽某人的能力如：He ran as fast as her could. 11get into trouble with 遇到麻烦12 in the end 最后13 make a decision下决心14 to ones surpriseUnit 31. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 2.get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车 I want to have my hair cut.我要理发.3.倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.She is a student. So am I. She went to school just now. So did I . She has finished the work. So have I She will go to school. So will he.Tom cant swim. Neither can John.4. stay up 熬夜如. 5. the other day前几天,不久前的一天.(用于过去时) every other day = every two days 每隔一天（每两天）5. agree 同意agree with sb ，agree to do sth 6. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使保持.如：We should keep our city clean.（cleaning） Dont keep me waiting for a long time.7. have an opportunity to do sth., have a chance of doing sth有机会做某事8. at present 目前 . at least 最少 at most 最多9. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off , off 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.10. care about sb. 关心 Mother often cares about her son. 17.concentrate on 全神贯注做18. morethan与其说不如说The man is more stupid than nervous.与其说那人紧张,倒不如说他愚蠢.19 only 处于句首,并后跟状语时,全句需要倒装 Only then did he understand it. his way can we learn English well. Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 20. be good for 对有益 21. achieve ones dreams 实现梦想Unit 41. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.2. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesnt come? 3. add sth. to sth. 添加到 I added some sugar to water.4. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous变得紧张 feel shy觉得害羞 look friendly看起来友好5.plenty of 修饰不可数名词和可数名词，许多 They have plenty of food/ apples.6. get along ( with)进行，进展The business is getting along very well.相处 Do you get along well with your boss? 7. would rather do sth than do sth （= would do sth rather thando sth）宁愿，而不愿。否定形式为：would rather not do sthwould rather than = prefer to 但prefer to 若连接两个动词，动词应为v-ing He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football. rather than = instead of 而不是（连接两个并列成分，前后对称）。8. let sb. down 让某人失望14. come up with sth. 提出,想出 如：He came up with a good idea. 9. by accident 偶然地，无意之中11be friendly to 对友好 12be popular with 13.look for寻找find找到、发现find out指经过观察、探索、调查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover 指发现那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情。如科学上的重大发现。14What does/do look like? 问相貌。Whats like? 问“品质性格”。15宾语从句 ：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成 常由下面的一些词引导： 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态。（五）当主句为一般过去时态时，从句只能用过去时态中的某一种。（六）当从句叙述的是客观真理时，无论主句用什么时态，从句始终用一般现在时态（七）宾语从句的语序为 主句+引导词+从句主语+从句谓语+从句宾语等Unit 51.情态动词must, may , might, could, may , cant表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性) The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on itmay, might, could有可能.也许(20%80%的可能性) The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes pop music. cant 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零). The hair band cant be Bobs. After all, he is boy!2. belong to 属于如： That English book belongs to me.（不能用名词性的物主代词）3. because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语, I had to move because of my job. because +从句I do it because I like it.4. use up 用光、用完如：They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。5. try ones best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事如：6.happen指偶然的发生；take place用于计划好的事情或自然的发生；（二者无被动语态）happen to do sth碰巧干某事. happen to sb.某人发生了什么事7.hope to do sth；hope that从句； wish to do sth；wish sb to do sth；wish that从句。Units 6-71.remindof使某人回想起或意识到某人、某事2.suggest:建议，后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气；暗示，后跟宾语从句，不用虚拟语气3. stay away from 远离 4provide sb. with sth =provide sth for sb. 5. though = although 作连词 虽然，尽管 放在句子中间/句首，不能和but 连用Though it was very late, he went on working. 6 hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to go to Beijing.hope (that) + 从句 I hope (that) she can pass the test7. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜欢人们友好的地方。 where 关系副词，引导定语从句 where引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词如：the place, the city等8 be supposed to do 应该做. = should 如：Scientists are supposed to know a lot. 9. according to 根据 10. be willing to do 愿意做某事 I am willing to help you. 10. on the one hand,on the other hands 一方面，另一方面11. hold on to sth. 保持，不要放弃 Please hold on to my hand. 12. come true 实现（主语为sth） My dream has come true. 13.强调句型：It is(was)that (who ,whom)(1) 强调句型可用来强调各种句子成分(2) 强调句中的连词who,whom只用来指代人，that 即可以指代人也可以指代物被强调部分是时间，地点等仍用that (3)that,whom, who 后的句中的谓语与原句保持一致(4)强调句中只有it is ,it was 两种时态形式，如：I am right -It is I who(that) am right.Unit 81. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) put up 张贴2. write down 写下 记下3. set up 成立 建立 The new hospital was set up in 2000. 3.not only but (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分 (1)引导以 not only but (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 Not only do I feel good but (also). 是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如： Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如： Not only Lily but (also) you like cat.Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat.4. run out 与 run out of run out (be used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out. My patience has completely run out. Our time is running out. run out of （use up）主语为人，表示主动含义 He is always running out of money before pay day. 5. hang out 闲荡 闲逛 I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 6. hand out 分发 7.give out 分发 8. give away 赠送 捐赠 Units 9-101. including prep. 介词 包括 可以与名词和动名词连用 如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 2. knock into 撞上(某人) 3. divide sth. into 将划分成. 通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 Separate 指把独立的个体分开3.英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 ,而不是forget+地点 left my book at home4. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟 in time 及时 指在时限到来之前5. give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 如： He often gives me a ride to school. 6. go off (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. 7. break down 坏掉，出故障 8. show up 出现 出席 She didnt show up last night。9. flee from 从逃跑 避开 如：They fled from their home. 10. get married 结婚11. convince v. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的12.从离开去leave (from)for 把某物遗忘在某地leave sth. +介宾短语(表地点的) 忘记某人/某事forget sb /sth. 忘记去作forget to do 忘记已作了forget doing Units 11-121. depend on sth / doing / 从句 根据、依靠、依赖、决定于Living things depend on the sunlight. 2. 等级/同级比较：asas ， not as/soasas + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as 表示“和一样的”如：He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。 否定式：not as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as = not so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as He doesnt work as / so hard as we. 3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。“should have asked”是“情态动词现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做如She should have gone to Beijing.她本应该去了北京.（没有去）4. drop by 访问看望拜访We just dropped by our friends homes5. pick up 捡起.开车接某人，身体恢复，收听广播节目6. get/be used to sth.习惯于get/be used to doing惯于be used to do 被用于做be used for doing被用于做used to do 过去常常做 I wash clothes everyday. But Im used to it. I am used to washing clothes.The knives are used to cut things. The knives are used for cutting things. She used to watch TV after school. 7. 我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。I find it difficult to remember everything.常见的形式宾语有：find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth. 如： I think it hard to study English.Unit 13-Unit15单元重难点句子讲解1. I prefer to receive a gift. prefer表示选择时，可用两种句型。（1）prefer+名词或动名词+to+名词或动名词。They prefer red to blue.I preferred doing something to doing nothing.（2）prefer+不定式或名词+rather than+不带to的动词不定式。He preferred to walk there rather than go by bus.She prefers to read rather than sit idle.2.Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you if you can get tickets, that is. (P114)如果他们来到你附近的城市，千万不要错过当然，如果你能弄到票的话。（1）句中的that is表示“确切地；换句话说；也就是”，用来表达一个准确的说法，即对前面的内容加以准确地说明。Shes a housewife when shes not teaching English, that is.（2）句中miss是“错过”，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式，不可接不定式。They missed the train by two minutes. miss还可表示“丢失”、“失去”，与lose同义。Missing=lost3. .but we really hope to have a number one hit some day. 但是我们真的希望有朝一日我们制作出能卖得最好的一首歌。some day意为“将来某一日”，等于someday,与one day是近义词。some day/someday只表示将来，不表示过去。而one day用在过去时的句子里是“有一天”的意思，用在将来时的句子里是“将有一天”，与some day/someday可互换。I hope to see you one day/someday. One day last summer they made a trip to the country.4. .as a part of the “In Search of Roots” summer camp program. (P116)作为“寻根”夏令营活动的一部分。in search for是固定短语,for 后面的名词同样必须是“寻找的目标”，不是“搜寻的对象”。search前常出现a 或ones等词对search加以限定或修饰，这个短语也常作目的状语。The soldiers were sent in a search for the missing aircraft. 5.have been后面接to表示某人“去过某地，现在已经回来了”，可用于各种人称。Have you ever been to Shanghai? He has been to America twice. have gone to与have been in的用法have gone 表示某人“去某地了”，不论是在途中还是到了目的地，重点是强调这个人已经不在说话人所在的地方了，常用于第三人称；have been in，则表示一直“呆在某个地方”，常与表示一段时间状语连用。Henry has gone to London. They have been in Beijing for two weeks. 5. Thanks to In Search of Roots. (P116)多亏“寻根” thanks是名词thank的复数形式，意为“感谢”。表示“感谢”之意，可以说：Thanks a lot. Many thanks. A thousand thanks. thanks to是介词词组，后面可以接名词或代词，意为“多亏”；“由于”，在句中作原因状语。Thanks to the old man, we found the lost child at last. thanks for用于对别人已做的事表示感谢，后接名词，代词，或v-ing形式。Thanks for sending me such a nice present.。6. .and help to educate the public about caring for them. (P120)并且帮助教育公众关爱它们。care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，He cared nothing for skating. In our class, we care for each other. care for还可以表示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于take care of或look after。The children are well cared for in the nurseries.=The children are taken good care of in the nurseries. 7. turn off the shower while you are washing your hair. (P121)（1）turn off表示“关掉”，关掉收音机，煤气，自来水等。turn on“打开”，turn down关小，turn up开大（2）句中while与when是同义词，都可以用从属连词，引导状语从句表示时间，意思都是“当（在）的时候”，但二者之间是有区别的。while与when的用法 when的含义是at or during the time that,既可用于指一点时间（从句的谓语动词需用终止性动词），也可用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词用延续性动词），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态能同时发生，或一先一后发生。He wants to help people when they are ill. while的含义是during the time that,只能用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作只能同时发生，不能一先一后发生。While I was reading, my mother was washing clothes. while意为而，却，表示对照关系。Some like collecting stamps, while others like planting flowers.8. You have probably never heard of Amy Winterbourne. (P122)（1）hear单独使用表示“听见”，“听到”，常用的结构有： hear sb/sth“听到某人或某物的声音”。 hear sb do sth“听到某人做某事”。I often hear Li Ping read English in the morning. hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”。I heard him singing in the next room. hear sb do sth指听到整个行动或整个事件；而hear sb doing sth是指听到了行动的一部分，有正在发生的意思。试比较：I heard the boy go down stairs.我听到这个男孩走下楼去。I heard the boy going downstairs我听到这个男孩下楼的声音。（2）hear from意为“收到的信”；How often do you hear from your father? 9. She is a most unusual woman. (P122她是一个十分不寻常的女性。a most, the most与most的用法（1）a most的用法。在“a most+形容词+名词”结构中，most是副词，意为“很，非常”，相当于very,用来修饰它后面的形容词，本句就是这一用法。Guilin is a most beautiful city.在“the most+形容词+名词”结构中,most 是副词，表示程度，意为“最”，与其后的形容词一起构成形容词的最高级。He is one of the most famous writers in China.在“动词+the most”结构中，most 也是副词，其作用和意思是“最”其位置通常在动词后。They like English the most.（3）most 通常有三种用法在“most+副词或形容词”结构中，most 是副词，意为“很，非常，十分”。I shall most certainly go there.在“most+名词”结构中，most 是形容词，意为“大部分的，大多数”或“最多的”。Most students like English.
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