高考英语答案详解与分析山东卷.doc

2008年高考英语山东卷答案详解与分析第I卷（共105分）第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21. Students should be encouraged to use _ Internet as _ resource. A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. the; a22. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. though B. for C. but D. so举一反三：The day breaks，_ the birds are singing.A. because B. as C. since D. for解析：D。若选A、B、C，强调The day breaks(天亮)的直接原因或者显而易见的原因就是the birds are singing(鸟叫)，显然这是不成立的，只有for引出的句子作为一种附加说明才成立。23. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A. It B. This C. What D. As24. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed举一反三- I stayed at a hotel while in New York .- Oh, did you? You with Barbara (NMET98) A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 解析：A。could have done 表虚拟，意为“本来能够做（而事实上没做成）”，句意为“噢？你呆在宾馆了！你本来可以和芭芭拉住在一起的”。25. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked26. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A. who B. which C. why D. when27. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing举一反三It is easy to do the repair, _you need is some nailsASomething BAll CBoth DEverything解析：B。本题考查不定代词的用法，首先从语意上排除something(因为某样东西与后面的具体物品a hammer and some nails矛盾), both“两者都”不合适。 everything每件事(而文中只提到 a hammer and some nails)故选B。A11 you need =A that you need = what you need.28. The fact that she never apologized _ a lot about what kind of person she is. A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares29. Einstein like Boses paper so much that he _ his own work and translated it into German. A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside30. Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday? -_, Bob, but I promised Mary Id go with her. A. My pleasure B. Thanks C. Take it easy D. Forget it.31. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. A. even if B. which C. where D. so that32. I began to feel _ in the new school when I saw some familiar faces A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight33. Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? A. free B. vacant C. handy D. convenient34. I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _. A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business35. Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made _ in the restaurant. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked举一反三 He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D hope解析：B。考核点是现在分词。本句中的现在分词hoping做伴随状语，表示伴随状态，其作用相当于and连接的并列句：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information. 其实，本句也可以说：He sent me an e-mail to get further information. (to引导的不定式短语做目的状语。) 但不可以用to hope to get。单项填空答案解析：21. D 此题考查冠词的用法。题意为：学生们应该被鼓励把网络作为一种资源来利用。the internet 表示一类事物，a resource表示是资源的一种。22. B 此题考查状语从句连词的选择。题意为：他发现读书越来越难了，因为他的视力正开始下降。从题意看，前后句应是因果关系。for引导原因状语从句，表示一种补充说明，通常与主句用逗号隔开。用作连词though意为尽管，but意为但是，转折关系，so意为所以，颠倒了因果关系。均可排除。23. C 此题考查主语从句连词的选择。此题的关键在于看出she told me是插入语，从结构上不影响整个句子的表达。根据题意“她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭”可知，第二个was 是整个句子的谓语动词。所选词须是连词用来引导主语从句。故可排除A,B。as不能引导主语从句，也可排除。what引导名词性从句在从句中做主语。24. B 此题考查情态动词表示虚拟意义的用法。I dont think是否定前移。意为：我认为没有你我们本不能做成这件事的。此题关键是要根据句意知道是虚拟语气，其基本形式是情态动词（过去式）+have done,所以其他选项皆可排除。25. C 此题考查动词时态。根据句意“截止到他意识到的时候，他已经走进了一个陷阱”以及by常和完成时连用可排除A,B。而且realize用一般现在时的单数第三人称形式，以及后句中用一般将来时，所以选C。26. D 此题考查定语从句关系词的选择。此题关键是要根据句意看出是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。Occasions是先行词，所选关系词在定语从句中要做时间状语，故可排除其他选项。27. C 此题考查不定代词的用法。理解句意是关键。题意为：在你离开前，确保你已有了护照，票等一切东西。Everything意为：所有，一切东西；something意为：某种东西；anything意为：任何东西；nothing意为：没有什么。皆可排除。28. A 此题考查动词词义的区别.句意为“她永远不会道歉很大程度上说明了她是一个什么样的人”。A 项say意为“说明，表达，显示” ，B项talk 意为“谈论”，C 项appear意为“出现，显得”D项declare 意为“宣布，声明”，语意都不合情境。29. D 此题考查短语的用法。题意为：爱因斯坦如此喜欢玻色的论文以至于他把自己的工作置于一旁，把它翻译成德语。Set aside意为：不顾，把置于一旁。give off意为发出，放出；turn down意为拒绝；take over意为接收, 接管。30. B 此题考查情景对话。对于对方的邀请表示感谢病并委婉拒绝。情景对话要从礼貌出发。My pleasure 相当于Its my pleasure, 用于回答对方的感谢.Take it easy意为：别着急，慢慢来。Forget it意为：算了吧，别再提了，常用于回答别人的感谢和道歉。31. C 此题考查状语从句连词的选择。理解句意是关键。题意为：你最好不要把药放在孩子们够得着的地方。Where 引导地点状语从句，意为：在的地方。even if 意为：即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句；so that 意为：以至于，引导结果状语从句。Which不能引导状语从句。32. A 此题考查固定短语。feel at home意为感觉自在，符合题意“当我看见一些熟悉面孔时，我在新学校开始感觉自在”。at heart意为：在内心里，at will意为:随意，任意，at sight:一见。33. D 此题考查形容词词义的掌握。所用句型“It would be+adj. for sb. to do sth.”.题意为：你四点钟来接我并带我去机场方便吗？convenient意为:方便的，便利的。free:自由的，空闲的。vacant: 空白的. handy: 手边的, 就近的; 便于使用的.均可排除。34. B 此题考查名词词义的掌握。题意为：我仅花10元买了一件甩卖的裙子；真是一件便宜货。bargain意为：廉价货，便宜货。exchange: 交换, 交流; trade:贸易；business: 商业, 买卖;事情。35. A 此题考查非谓语动词的用法。关键在于根据句意分清句子成分。句意为：露丝的新工作付给她的钱是她在饭店工作是所赚钱的两倍。working 是had made 的伴随状语，和主语she 构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词做状语。可排除过去分词worked。不定式to work做状语常表示目的或结果。单项填空题备考策略：高考中的单项填空题虽然只有15道，但考查的知识点却几乎涉及到中学所学的所有语法项目，包括冠词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、动词、连词、各类从句、倒装、it的用法等，此外，还有交际用语。考点虽然广泛，但却以动词为重点。从历届全国高考及各省的高考题来看，动词少则5道（占单选题总量的33.3%），多则8道（占单选题总量的53.3%）。动词的考点包括时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、动词辨析、短语动词等，这些都是我们高考复习的重点。另外，就同一个考点来看，不同年代的高考题以及同一年代不同省市的高考题中，往往不少考点有雷同的现象，有的则几乎一模一样。常见的解题方法有以下四种可借鉴：一、利用“有效信息”解题单项填空题题干中某些句子或短语会为选择答案提供必要信息，它对选择正确答案起着决定性的作用，我们称这些句子或短语为“有效信息”。二、利用“英汉语言差异”解题近年来，日常交际用语仍然是单项填空题考查的重点之一。而且，这种题许多情况下是以英汉两种语言表达习惯的不同来命题的，解答这类题时，切记要撇弃中文思维。三、利用“语法分析法”解题单项填空题常考的语法项目有：时态和语态、非谓语动词、句式结构等。这类题许多情况下是放在一定的语言环境中来进行考查的。如果我们能结合试题的语言环境，并运用语法分析法，就会使很多难题迎刃而解四、利用“标点提示”解题标点符号虽小，但可以提供很多信息。例如：疑问句之后要用问号；感叹句之后要用感叹号；句中有逗号，可提示此处有可能为“非限制性定语从句”，也有可能为非谓语动词作状语等等。所以，由标点符号入手，我们可以确定做单项填空题的解题思路，从而既快捷又准确地获得答案第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On August 26, 1999, New York City experienced a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to _36_ and the subway system almost came to a stop. Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were _37_ to go home. Some battled to _38_ a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the _39_ bravely, walking miles to get to work. I _40_ to be one of the people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most _41_ had stopped. After making my way _42_ crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was _43_. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to _44_ the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the _45_. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switch back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like an forever, the train _46_ my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was _47_ through, exhausted and _48_. My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm，I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer _49_ I received an email from Garth, my Director: I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and _ 50_ reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their _51_ to their jobs. Thank you.Garths email was short, but I learned more from that _52_ message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of _53_ can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic _54_ had made me tied and upset. But Garths words immediately_55_ me and put a smile back on my face. 36. A. breakB. floodC. sinkD. crash37. A. forcedB. refusedC. adjustedD. gathered38. A. orderB. payC. callD. search39. A. climateB. sceneryC. stormD. burden40. A. usedB. promisedC. deservedD. happened41. A. practiceB. routineC. processD. service42. A. toB. throughC. overD. for43. A. operatingB. cyclingC. turningD. rushing44. A. checkB. carryC. findD. board45. A. streetB. groundC. floorD. platform46. A. pausedB. crossedC. reachedD. parked47. A. wetB. weakC. sickD. hurt48. A. ashamedB. discouragedC. surprisedD. puzzled49. A. whileB. whenC. whereD. after50. A. hardlyB. casuallyC. absolutelyD. eventually51. A. devotionB. donationC. connectionD. reaction52. A. accurateB. urgentC. briefD. humorous53. A. promiseB. appreciationC. adviceD. guidance54. A. troublesB. signalsC. rulesD. signs55. A. correctedB. supportedC. amazedD. refreshed解析：36. B flood意为淹没。break意为中断，断裂；sink: 下沉，crash: 碰撞, 坠落, 皆不合题意。37.A 由于暴雨，很多要上班的人被迫回家。sb. be forced to do:某人被迫做某事。refuse意为拒绝，adjust:调整，校准，使适应，gather:聚集，集合。38. C call a taxi:叫出租车。order，命令，订购（货物等），点（菜）。39. C 从上文a terrible rainstorm可知是勇敢的面对暴风雨。climate指气候，不是具体某天的天气。scenery：风景，景色；burden：担子，负担。40. D happen to be:碰巧是，表示“我碰巧是那天早晨上班赶路的人的其中之一”。其他三个选项都能和不定式to do/be 搭配，但意思不符。used to be:曾经是，promise to do: 许诺做，deserve to be: 值得是,应受。41. D 我意外的发现大部分的地铁路线的服务都停了。 practice：实践，练习。routine：常规；惯例；例行公事。process：过程，进程。42. B through指从内部穿过。through crowds of people意为穿过人群。43. A operate:运行，工作。表示“终于找到一条还在运行的地铁线”。44. D board the subway意为：上地铁。board:上（船，车，飞机）。 45. D 意为：有太多人等着上地铁以至于我甚至不能挤上去站台的楼梯。只有platform 和地铁有关。46. C 句意为：在过了好像一辈子那么久的时间后，火车终于到达了我（要到达）的站点。reach:及物动词，到达。pause:暂停, park：停车，都是不及物动词，不合题意。47. A 因为下着大雨，所以应是“我”全身湿透了。与虚弱，疾病，受伤都不相关。48. B 到达后的状态是精疲力竭的，气馁的，因为冒雨赶路的辛苦。ashamed意为：羞愧的，惭愧的，surprised:吃惊的，puzzled:困惑的，不解的。都不合题意。49. B be about to dowhen 固定句型，意为：正要做这时，不能用其他词代替。50. D eventually意为：最终，终于。“我”的上司感谢我们做出努力，最终来报到上班。hardly：几乎不，casually：随意地，absolutely：绝对地。51. A 句意为：有时候像这样，当员工们如此明显表现出他们对工作的忠于职守时，总是令人安慰的。devotion意为：热爱，忠诚。donation：捐赠，connection：联系，reaction：反应。52. C 通过上文的short 可看出，信息是简短的。accurate：准确的, 精密的，urgent：紧急的，humorous：幽默的。53. B appreciation:感激，从上文可知上司给他写的是感谢信。意为“几句感谢的话有很大影响”。54. A 从上文中的找车，挤车可以看出是交通上的麻烦事，而不是交通信号或是规则。55D refresh使精力恢复; 使精神振作,通过下文的“put a smile back on my face”可选择，与上文的“tied and upset”相反。 完形填空备考策略：完形填空一般从交待背景开始，依次推进，直至高潮，而后结局，环环相扣，条理十分清楚，层次异常分明。故在平时训练解答完形填空时，笔者认为以下策略值得注意1. 审题和解题时应遵循三个原则，即整体性原则、连贯性原则和先易后难原则。2. 加强语感训练，知识的积累和能力的培养。3. 加强对文章上下文语境及内在逻辑关系的把握，重视文章的脉络；注重对自己的逻辑思维能力和自己对文章深层次理解能力的培养。4. 加强自己对词义的辨析能力的培养，特别是对动词、形容词和名词的近义词之辨析。5. 加强自己应试心理的培养，重视自己良好学习习惯的形成6. 自己良好的学习习惯主要表现在良好的阅读习惯上常见解题步骤：一、通览全文要出色地完成一篇完形填空,对于考生来说通览全文非常重要。通览全文,考生才能正确理解短文的主旨大意,了解短文主要的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等以及变化,了解短文行文的上下文之间的逻辑思维关系等,为下一步解题作好充分准备。二、审题解题仔细阅读题干内容及相关的选项,正确理解题干的意思,分析题干中的词语含义、词语用法、习惯搭配、句型特点、语法规则,然后从题后的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最适合题干的一个答案。三、复读检查完形填空全部做好后,考生务必要结合自己的选择答案重新阅读短文内容,检查一下应试前后两次的理解是否一致,检查一下自己的每一个答案是否符合短文的内容和逻辑思维,并修改所发现的错误.对于完形填空中难度较大的题项,可以采用下面解题技巧和方法来解答: 1.根据上下文语境来选择答案2.根据全文的逻辑推理判断选择答案3.通过文章的深层含义进行选择4.根据常识选择答案第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYoung adult filmmakers all hope to show their works in international festivals like Sundance and Toronto. But what about really young filmmakers who arent in film school yet and arent, strictly speaking, even adults?They are at the heart of Wingspan Arts Kids Films Festival, tomorrow, in a setting any director might envy: Lincoln Center. Complete with “red carpet” interviews and various awards, the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers, except for the age of the participants: about 8 to 18.“Whats really exciting is that its film for kids by kids,” said Cori Gardner, managing director of Wingspan Arts, a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the New York area. This year the festival will include films not only from Wingspan but also from other city organizations and one from a middle school in Arlington, Virginia. “We want to make this a national event,” Ms. Gardner added.The nine shorts to be shown range from a Claymation biography of B.B. King to a science fiction adventure set in the year 3005. “A lot of the material is really mature,” Ms. Gardner said, talking about films by the New York City branch of Global Action Project, a media arts and leadership-training group. “The Choice is about the history of a family and Master Anti-Smoker is about the dangers of secondhand smoke.” Dream of the Invisibles describes young immigrants feelings of both belonging and not belonging in their adopted country.The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown. These include a music video and full-length film whose title is Pressures.56. Wingspan Arts Kids Film Festival _.A. is organized by a middle schoolB. is as famous as the Toronto FestivalC. shows films made by childrenD. offers awards to film school students57. Which of the following is true of Wingspan Arts?A. It helps young filmmakers to make money.B. It provides arts projects for young people.C. Its a media arts and leadership-training group.D. Its a national organization for young people.58. The underlined word “shorts” in Paragraph 4 refers to _.A. short trousers B. short kids C. short films D. short stories59. Movies to shown in the festival _. A. cover different subjects.B. focus on kids lifeC. are produced by Global Action ProjectD. are directed by Ms. Gardner60. At the end of this film festival, there will be _.A. various awards B. “red carpet” interviewsC. an open reception D. a concert at Lincoln Center56. C细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话和第三段第一句话“the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers, except for the age of the participants: about 8 to 18.“Whats really exciting is that its film for kids by kids,”可知Wingspan Arts Kids Films Festivals是专门由孩子制作电影然后，专门为孩子播放带来艺术享受的节日。57.B 细节理解题。由第三段第二句话“Wingspan Arts, a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the New York area”可知Wingspan Arts是一个非盈利为目的的为青少年提供艺术项目的纽约的组织。58. C词义猜测题。由第三段“This year the festival will include films not only from Wingspan but also from other city organizations and one from a middle school in Arlington, Virginia”和shorts后面的关键词“to be shown”,可判断出有很多部各种题材的电影将在此次电影节上上映，其中的九个shorts，应该是九个短片电影。59.A总结归纳题。由倒数第二段的内容描述，特别是关键句“The nine shorts to be shown range from a Claymation biography of B.B. King to a science fiction adventure set in the year 3005.”可总结归纳出此次电影节的电影主题内容涉及面非常广。60.C细节理解题。由最后一段的“The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown”可知电影节结束时会举办一次开放的招待会，届时将会有其它的电影上映。BFederal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergence alert (警报) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years, particularly among young people. The wireless industrys trade association, CTIA, estimates（估计） more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act, a 2006 federal law that requires improvements to the nations emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and during, disasters and other emergencies, FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.Participation in the alert system by carriers telecommunications companies is voluntary, but it has received solid support from the wireless industry.The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.There would be three different types of messages, according to the rules.The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster. The second would involve approaching threats, which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be reserved for child abduction (绑架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts.The service could be in place by 2010.61. What is the purpose of the approved plan?A. To warn people of emergencies vis messages.B. To popularize the use of cell phones.C. To estimate the monthly number of messages.D. To promote the wireless industry.62. The improvement to the present system is in the charge of _.A. CTIA B. the Warning Alert and Response NetworkC. FCC D. federal regulators63. The carriers participation in the system is determined by _.A. the US federal governmentB. mobile phone usersC. the carriers themselvesD. the law of the United States64. Which of the following is true of cell phone users?A. They must accept the alert service.B. They may enjoy the alert service for free.C. They must send the alerts to othersD. They may choose the types of messages65. An alert message will NOT be sent if _.A. a child loses his way.B. a university shooting happensC. a natural disaster happensD. a terrorist attack occurs66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting StudentsB. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless IndustryC. Cell Phone Alerts of National DisastersD. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon61. A目的意图题。由第一段Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergence alert (警报) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.可知批准通过的一个新计划的内容就是研发一种通过手机短信形式发送警报的新系统。62. C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.”可知FCC就是要来负责找到新的方法来提醒人们注意警报。63. C细节理解题。由第五段“Participation in the alert system by carriers telecommunications companies is voluntary”，特别是其中的关键词“voluntary”（自愿的，自发的）,可知手机使用者自愿决定参加这个新系统的实验与否。64. B判断正误题。由第六段的内容描述，特别是关键句“They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.”可判断出参与者可以免费获得警报信息服务。65. A细节理解题。由最后一段的“The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster. The second would involve approaching threats, which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be reserved for child abduction (绑架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts.”对三种信息服务的描述可知A项不是所发信息内容，B,C,D三项都分别在原文中提到了。66.D主旨大意题。由第一段的开门见山，点明话题到最后一段的重申主题，对未来这种新系统展望，可得出最准确的题目是D，A错在protecting students B项错在by wireless industry, C 项错在National Disasters。CIt was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “Im going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, You should open a sandwich shop.”That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldnt cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1000.But business didnt go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didnt know how badly, because we didnt have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. Theyd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the publ