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初一英语下册期末复习 班级：七五 姓名：武一文 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar ?1、 can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。 (1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。 (2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+cant. (3)变否定句：直接用cant+动词的原形 (4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？eg: What can you do?2. join+某个组织，俱乐部，join the music club ioin sb. “参加到某人中” Can you join me for dinner tonight? join in (doing)sth “加入做.，参加某个活动 join in=take part in +活动，比赛2、 speak+语言 eg: He can speak a little French. talk to sb on the phone, talk with sb about sth, tell a joke, tell stories to sb, tell a lie, tell the truthsay hi/ hello/ sorry/ goodbye to sb3、 play+球、棋、牌； play cards, play chess, play+the+乐器。 4、 be good at +名词/动ing 擅长于（做）什么：be good with She is good with old people.be good for Eating more vegetables is good for our health.5、 帮助某人做某事：help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth. Can you help kids with swimming?7、我能知道你名字吗？May I know your name? 8、想要做什么：want to do sth 例如：I want to learn about art.9、What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club and the basketball club.10、What club does Tom want to join? He wants to join the swimming club.11、He cant play the violin or the piano. 12、Why do you want to join the English club? Because I want to learn English well. Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?1、 what time和when引导的特殊疑问句。 (1)对时间提问用what time，也可以用when。询问钟点时用what time，询问日期、月份、年份时用when。 (2)询问做某事的时间时，两者可以互换。 (3)其他询问时间的句子： Whats the time? =What time is it?现在几点了？ 时刻表达法：顺读法和逆读法。 (1)顺读法：“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。 (2)逆读法：借助介词past或to表示，要先说分再说钟点。 A.当分钟不超过30分钟时（包括30分钟），即30，用to表示。其结构为：“所差分钟（即60所 过分钟数）+to+下一个整点”，to译成“差”，差几分钟到几点。C.当分钟为30分钟用half表示，当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。2、 always 总是usually 通常often常常sometime 有时 hardly ever 很少 never 从不3、 Watch+TV、球赛 “观看，观赏”，特指长时间注视。 Watch boat races , watch sb doing See+电影、医生 “看见”，强调看的结果。 Can you see the picture on the wall?See a doctor see a film Look “看”，强调看的动作，look后接宾语时要用介词at。 Look at that big tree Read+书刊、杂志 “阅读” read books/newspapers/ magazines 4、 listen to +宾语 please listen to the teachers carefully in class. Listen to music, listen to a CD 6、Take a shower “淋浴” 7、Eat breakfast 吃早餐5、 Go to +地点名词 如：go to school go+地点副词 如：go homeUnit 3 How do you get to school?一、本单元知识点总结1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到地方去，离开去某地5.taketo把带到 6. most students 大多数学生7. fromto从到 8.think of 想到，想起9.ride bikes 骑自行车 10.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方11. how far 多远 (路程、距离) 12.how long多长（时间）13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 16.on the school bus乘坐校车17.be different from和不同 18.one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩二、重点知识详解1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词，乘去某地，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。He takes the train to Beijing. take the subway乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/ones+表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语作方式状语。I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a busDrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.4.get表示“到达”，后接名词需加to，接地点副词不加to. get to school, get home reach 到达， When will you reach Zhengzhou? arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱 Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱She spent 50 yuan buying this book. = She spent 50 yuan on this book. = She paid 50 yuan for this book.= This book cost her 50 yuan.6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?答语有两种：（1） Itsmeters/miles/kilometers.有米/英里/千米（远）（2） It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。7.感谢用语：Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.答语：Thats ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。三、语法归纳1. how far 用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：（1）用长度单位表示：It is five kilometers.（2）用时间表示：Its twenty minutes walk. 3.how long 用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。-How long have you learnt English?-For 3 years.how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间， 常用于将来时态时， 常用“in+时间段”来回答。How soon will you arrive in Beijing? -In 3 hours.Unit 4 Dont eat in class肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形+其他； (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他； (3) Let sb do sth. 否定的祈使句：(1) Dont+实义动词+原形； (2) Dont be+形容词+其他；(3) Dont let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.练：(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _ in bed.”A. not read B. doesnt read C. dont read D. didnt read(2) Dont _ (fight). = No _ (fight).2. 不要迟到：Dont arrive late. = Dont be late. (arrive = be)上课/上学不要迟到：Dont arrive (be) late for class/school.4. 在学校我们必须穿校服：We have to wear uniforms at school.句型：不得不/必须做某事：have to do sth否定：不必做某事：dont have to do sth穿校服：单数：wear a uniform 复数：wear uniforms练：(1) I cant stop smoking, doctor. For your health, Im afraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to5. 在我家里有太多的规矩：I have too many rules in my house. 词组：太多：too many6. 我从来没有任何快乐：I never have any fun.(never译为“从来没有”，表示否定，否定句中表示“任何，一些”，用any)7. 不要大声说话：Dont talk loudly. 请大声说：Speak loudly, please.8. 他擅长于唱歌：He is good at singing. 句型：擅长于做某事：be good at doing sth9. 表示“地点”的词组：(1) 在教室里：in the classroom 在课堂上：in class(2) 在走廊上：in the hallways 在学校里：at school = in school10. 表示“时间”的词组： (1) 下课后：after class 放学后：after school(2) 在上学的白天/晚上：on school days/nights 比较：at night(3) 到晚上10点钟之前：by 10 oclock p.m.11. (1) with 和； 如：He lives in Beijing with my parents. (2) with 戴着； 如：Do you know the fat man with a hat? (3) with 有着； 如：Its an old house with a beautiful garden. Unit5 Why do you like pandas?1. 让我们先去看考拉。- Lets see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”)你为什么最喜欢考拉？- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”)-因为它们很可爱。- Because they are very cute.句型：让某人做某事：let sb do sth2. 你为什么不喜欢老虎？- Why dont you like tigers?-因为它们有点吓人。- Because they are kind of scary. 在此处，表示“不”，只要在do后加not即可。 有点：kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物？ What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗？ Do you like to work with other young people?This isnt my sweater. Its _ (you). Are all these children _ (you)?4. 他是一个8岁的男孩：He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符，year用原形)他8岁：He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符，岁数大于1，year变复数)5. 请保持安静：Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”，= be)6. 他每天通常睡和放松20个小时：He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.每天：every day (要分开) 连在一起的everyday翻译为“日常的”，是个形容词。7. 和某人玩：play with sb (倒翻)8. 在白天：during the day = in the day 在此处，during = in9. 在晚上：at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天：on school nights/days10. 吃草：eat grass 吃叶子：eat leaves (leaf的复数形式) 吃肉：eat meat11. 相似单词比较：(1) 草：grass (不可数，无复数) (2) 玻璃：glass 复数：glasses 眼镜12. 汉语：因为，所以 英语：because, so (不能同时出现在一个句子中)汉语：虽然，但是 英语：though, but (只能使用其中一个)如：_ Tom is tired, _ he wants to have a food rest.A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but13. (1) first num. 第一； 如：Sunday is the first day of a week.(2) first adv. 首先；首先：at first 如：Lets see the koalas first.14. (1) best adv. 最； 如：Why do you like koalas best?(2) best adj. 最好的； 如：Who do you think is the best teacher in your class?15. (1) very adv. 非常（放在形容词前）； 如：The koalas are very cute.(2) very much 非常（放在动词后）； 如：Thank you very much.16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类； 如：There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.What kind of noodles would you like?(2) kind of = a little adv. 有点；（无形式变化） 如：He is kind of lazy.(3) kind adj. 和蔼的，友善的； 如：Its kind of you to help me with my English.17. 树叶：leaf 复数：leaves 变化规则：去f加ves;18. 小偷：thief 复数：thieves 变化规则：去f加ves. Unit6 Im watching TV1. 现在进行时的结构：主语+be+Ving. (be动词和动词+ing两者缺一不可)考题形式：(1) 已知be动词，考后面的动词形式（要加ing）；(2) 已知后面的动词+ing, 则前面用be动词。如：(1) The boy is _ (run) with his father.(2) Some children are _ (lie) on the grass.(3) My brother and I are _ (play) soccer.(4) His sister is _ (read) a book.2. -你正在做什么？- What are you doing? -我正在看电视。- Im watching TV.3. 那听起来很棒：That sounds great/good.4. 谢谢你的信和照片：Thanks for your letter and the photos. 谢谢某东西：Thanks for sth 句型：谢谢做某事：Thanks for doing sth5. 这是我的一些照片：Here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“复数”，be用are)这是我的一张全家福照片：Here is a photo of my family. (“一张照片”是“单数”，be用is)6. 句型：忙于做某事：be busy doing sth如：His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room.7. 表示“活动”的“动词词组” 做家庭作业：do ones homework 打扫房间：clean the room 吃晚饭：eat dinner 打电话：talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看书/看报/看杂志：read books, read newspapers, read magazines (学生)上课：have an English class (老师)上课：give an English class 举行晚会：have an evening party 和某人说再见：say goodbye to sb8. 在购物中心：at the mall 在游泳池：at the (swimming) pool在学校：at school 在体育馆里：in the gym9. 在第一张照片中：in the first photo 在第二张照片中：in the second photo在下一张照片中：in the next photo 在最后一张照片中：in the last photo 10. 等汽车：wait for the bus 在汽车站等(某人)：wait (for sb) at the bus stop11. 我的兄弟和我：my brother and I (要把“我”放在后面)12. (身体)好，健康：well = fine 如：- How is your mother? - She is _.13. 活动：activity 复数：activities (以辅音字母+y结尾的，去y加ies)玩具：toy 复数：toys (以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加s)14. (1) 也：also 用于“肯定句的句中”；(2) 也：too 用于“肯定句的句末，前加逗号”；(3) 也：either 用于“否定句的句末，前加逗号”。15. (1) show n. 节目；如：TV show, sports show, game show, talk show(2) show v. 给看；如：Can you show me your family photo? Ill show you the way.(3) show v. 表演；如：Can you show us Beijing Opera?u 动词第三人称单数的构成：（用于第三人称单数、可数名词的单数和不可数名词的一般现在时中）1、直接加-slooklooksreadreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加-es missmissesfixfixes watchwatches washwashesgogoesdo-does3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-escarrycarries studystudieshurryhurriescrycries4.特殊的have - has 做题目时一定要记住：can+动词原形like+动词ing like+名词复数play+足球类 play the +乐器类how many +名词复数would like +to+动词原形lets+动词原形现在进行时：be(am,is,are)+动词ing动词第三人称单数形式8Unit 7 Its raining1. n. adj. sun阳光 sunny 晴朗的 snow雪 snowy下雪的 rain雨 rainy下雨的 wind风 windy多风的 cloud云 cloudy多云的 fog雾 foggy多雾的 ice冰 icy结冰的2. 询问天气 1）Hows the weather? Its 2) Whats the weather like？ItsWhats the weather like in Beijing? Its cloudy.3. cook 1)v. 做饭 2）n. 厨师 cooker n. 厨具4. Hows it going? 情况如何？ Not bad.不错。/Great.太好了。/Terrible.太糟了。/ Pretty good.相当好/ Just so so.马马虎虎5. pretty 1) adj. 俊俏；娇小；漂亮 a pretty girl 漂亮的姑娘 2) adv. 相当；很；颇 its pretty cold today.6. hot炎热的-cold寒冷的 warm温暖的-cool凉爽的 dry humid 8. on vacation 在度假；在假期中9. take a photo/take photos 拍照 take photos of sb10.some, others一些，（另一些） Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.一些人在拍照，一些人正躺在沙滩上。11.other, the other, others, the others, another 1)other可作形容词或代词。adj. “别的，其他的”Do you have any other questions? 你还有其他的问题吗？ Ask some other people. 问问别人吧。 2) the other 代词，（两者中的）“另一个” onethe other一个，另一个 He has two sons, one is a doctor, the other is a worker. 3) others代词，是other的复数形式，泛指“其余的（人或物）” （指其余的部分） someothers一些，（另）一些 There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing basketball, others are dancing. Give me some others, please. 给我一些别的东西吧。 4) the others代词，特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”（指其余的全部） There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing basketball, the others are dancing. 5) another = an+other，可作形容词或代词，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。 I dont like this one. Please show me another. 12. lie v.平卧；躺 （想在分词lying）13. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball.看看这群正在玩沙滩排球的人。 playing beach volleyball作people的定语。14. surprised adj. “感到惊讶的” be surprised to do sth. Were surprised to hear the news. 3) be surprised + that从句 Im surprised that he didnt pass the exam我对他没通过考试感到很惊讶。15. in this heat 在这么热的天气里 hot（adj.炎热的）-heat（n.热度）16. scarf 围巾（pl. scarfs或scarves）17. have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 后跟doing They are having a good time playing games. Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?13 / 13I词型转换1.near反义词: far2.across动词：cross名词：crossing3.front反义词：back4.north形容词：northern5.right反义词：left/wrong6.enjoy第三人称单数：enjoys7.easily形容词：easy8.free反义词：busyII短语归纳1.post office邮局2.police station警察局3.pay phone付电话费4.on Bridge Street在大桥街上5.across from 在的对面6.next to在的旁边7.between the post office and the library在邮局和图书馆之间8.in front of在前面9.on Center Street在中央大街上10.near here在这附近11.go along沿着走12.turn right 向右转13.turn left 向左转14.on ones left在某人的左边15.at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口16.in my neighborhood在我的附近；邻近17.on the right在右边III用法集萃1.turn right/left at the +序数词+crossing.在第几个十字路口向右/左转。2.spend+时间/金钱+（in）doing sth. 花费时间/金钱在3.watch sb. doing观看某人正在做某事4.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事IV 重点句子1.Is there a hospital near here?Yes, there is. Its on Bridge Street.2.The pay phone is across from the library.3.The pay phone is between the post office and the library. 4.Is there a bank near here?5.Its not too far from here.6.Where is the bank?Its next to the post office.7.There is a zoo in my neighborhood.8.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.9.Its very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 10.I like to spend time there on weekends.
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