2022-2023年考博英语-云南大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第33期

2022-2023年考博英语-云南大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed（1）extending mans knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions（2）from university to university, according to the views of the people in（3）and according to the resources available.Smaller and newer universities do not（4）the staff or equipment to carry out the（5）research projects possible in larger institutions.（6）most experts agree that some research activity is（7）to keep the staff and their students in（8）with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to（9）the knowledge needed for their chosen（10）. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the（11）one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women（12）judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they（13）students to meet others with differing（14）and to read widely to（15）their understanding in many fields of study.（16）a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own（17）. He should be prepared to（18）sacrifices to study his chosen（19）in depth. He should have an ambition to make some（20）contribution to mans knowledge.问题1选项A.atB.byC.toD.in问题2选项A.turnsB.rangesC.movesD.varies问题3选项A.prospectB.placeC.controlD.favor问题4选项A.occupyB.possessC.involveD.spare问题5选项A.maximumB.mediumC.virtualD.vast问题6选项A.ButB.AsC.WhileD.For问题7选项A.naturalB.essentialC.functionalD.optional问题8选项A.coordinationB.accordanceC.touchD.grasp问题9选项A.acquireB.acceptC.endureD.ensure问题10选项A.processionB.professionC.possessionD.preference问题11选项A.typicalB.trueC.mereD.only问题12选项A.withB.underC.onD.through问题13选项A.promptB.provokeC.encourageD.anticipate问题14选项A.historiesB.expressionsC.interestsD.curiosities问题15选项A.broadenB.lengthC.enforceD.specify问题16选项A.AmidB.AfterC.OverD.Upon问题17选项A.objectB.courseC.effectD.sake问题18选项A.takeB.makeC.sufferD.pay问题19选项A.fieldB.scopeC.targetD.goal问题20选项A.radicalB.truthfulC.meaningfulD.initial【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D第6题:A第7题:B第8题:C第9题:A第10题:B第11题:D第12题:A第13题:C第14题:C第15题:B第16题:D第17题:D第18题:B第19题:A第20题:B【解析】1.考查介词辨析。aim to do“想要做某事，立志要做”；aim at doing“指望、旨在、针对”，句意：他们还开展研究工作，旨在扩大人类对这些学科的知识。且后面动词是doing形式，因此选项A正确。2.考查固定搭配。根据上下文，意思是各个大学对于科研的重视程度在学校和学校之间是不同的。此处vary 译为“不同”，可以构成vary fromto意为“因而异”。因此选项D正确。3.介词搭配题。在本句中，根据and这一并列连词可以看出，其后的内容为根据学校现有资源的不同而决定了科研的不同，那么and前的并列部分，也是在讲学校自身的原因，因此可以得出people一词后面的介词短语作定语，故而想到in control“主管，控制”，此处 people in control 意为“学校的主管人员”也就是管理者们。选项C正确。4.考查动词辨析。A选项occupy“占据、占领”；B选项possess“拥有、具备”；C选项involve“包含、涉及”；D选项spare“多余的，备用的”，句意：一些小规模学校或是新建学校不拥有可以开展大型研究的工作人员和设备。B选项符合题意。5.考查形容词辨析。A选项maximum“最大值”；B选项medium“中等的”；C选项virtual“虚拟的”；D选项vast“巨大的”，句意为：较小和较新的大学没有人员或设备来进行大型研究机构可能进行的大规模研究项目。大型研究机构进行大规模的研究项目，因此选项D符合题意。6.考查上下文语义。根据上句“较小和较新的大学没有人员或设备来进行大型研究机构可能进行的大规模研究项目”以及下句“大多数专家认为一些研究活动是必要的，以保持教职员工和他们的学生在他们的学科的最新发展”，由此说明虽没有人员和设备，但是一些研究活动还是必要的，是转折关系，因此选项A正确。7.考查形容词辨析。A选项natural“自然的”；B选项essential“必不可少的”；C选项functional“功能的”；D选项optional“可选择的”，be essential to为固定搭配，意为“对至关重要，必不可少”。根据句意：专家们认为，为了使学生和教师能够及时了解学科发展的最新信息，搞科研是很有必要的。选项B正确。8.考查固定搭配。根据句意，搞科研的目的是让教师和学生能够及时了解前沿信息，信息词keep，in，with和touch构成固定搭配keep in touch with，意为“与保持联系”。因此选项C正确。9.考查动词辨析。A选项acquire“获得”；B选项accept“接受”；C选项endure“忍受、忍耐”；D选项ensure“确保”，根据上下文，学生上大学的目的主要是为了获取知识，acquire“获得（技能，知识等）”与knowledge 搭配符合句意。选项A正确。10.考查名词辨析。A选项procession“游行、队伍”；B选项profession“职业、专业”；C选项possession“占有、所有”；D选项preference“偏好、偏爱”，句意为：大多数学生上大学主要是为了获得他们所选择的专业所需的知识。因此选项B符合题意。11.考查上下文语义。根据上句“大多数学生上大学主要是为了获得他们所选择的专业所需的知识”，推测出下句“教育家认为，这一目标不应该是唯一的目标”，教育家认为获得专业知识并不只是唯一的目标，因此选项D符合题意。12.考查介词辨析。句意为：大学的目标一直是培养具有判断力、智慧和知识的男性和女性。with+名词构成后置定语修饰men and women。因此选项A正确。13.考查动词辨析。A选项prompt“提示、促进”；B选项provoke“引起、挑起”；C选项encourage“鼓励、鼓舞”；D选项anticipate“预料、预计”，根据上文，学校的教育目标是多元的，因此学校鼓励学生去广泛结交兴趣多样的人才。encourage意为“鼓励、鼓舞”，其固定用法为encourage sb to do sth。因此选项C正确。14.考查名词辨析。A选项histories“历史、历史记录”；B选项expressions“表达”；C选项interests“兴趣、爱好”；D选项curiosities“好奇”，根据上文的提示，大学的目标一直是培养具有判断力、智慧和知识的男性和女性。此处指与兴趣广泛的人结交，interest“兴趣、爱好”符合题意。因此选C。15.考查动词辨析。A选项broaden“扩大、加宽”；B选项length“长度”；C选项enforce“实施、执行”；D选项specify“指定、详细说明”，根据句意：广泛阅读来增加他们在许多领域的理解研究，broaden“扩大”符合题意，因此选B。16.考查介词辨析。A选项amid“在过程中”；B选项after“在之后”；C选项over“以上、大于”；D选项upon“在之上、即将来临”，句意：在即将来临的中学课程中，学生应该对某一学科有足够的兴趣，从而享受获取知识的乐趣。D选项符合题意。17.考查固定搭配。for ones own sake也可以说成for the sake of sb，意为“为了的好处，出于对的兴趣”，因此选项D正确。18.考查固定搭配。make sacrifice to do 意为“为做出牺牲”，此处指学生为了自己的兴趣爱好做出牺牲。因此选项B正确。19.考查名词辨析。A选项field“领域、牧场”；B选项scope“范围”；C选项target“目标、指标”；D选项goal“目的”，根据句意：他应该准备尽一切努力深入研究他所选择的领域。field“领域”符合题意，因此选A。20.考查形容词辨析。A选项radical“激进的、根本的”；B选项truthful“真实的”；C选项meaningful“有意义的”；D选项initial“最初的”，句意为：他应该要有为人类的知识做出一些实事的决心。学术界的贡献得是真实的，因此选项B符合题意。2. 单选题The storm sweeping over this are now is sure to cause（ ）of vegetables in the coming days.问题1选项A.scarcityB.rarityC.varietyD.invalidity【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项scarcity“短缺、稀缺”；B选项rarity“罕见、珍品”；C选项variety“多样、种类”；D选项invalidity“无效、无价值”，句意为：在未来几天席卷这里的风暴肯定会造成蔬菜短缺。scarcity“短缺、稀缺”符合题意，因此选项A正确。3. 单选题The government has to consider whether the destruction of one human life can be（ ）by the hopes of saving others.问题1选项A.notifiedB.specifiedC.justifiedD.magnified【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项notify“通知”；B选项specify “指定、列举”；C选项justify“证明合法”；D选项magnify“赞美、夸大”，句意为：政府必须考虑，为了拯救他人，毁灭一个人的生命是否可以被证明是合理的。因此选项C符合题意。4. 单选题There are both advantages and disadvantages in the scheme proposed, but（ ）I think we should benefit by adopting it.问题1选项A.in balanceB.off balanceC.on balanceD.out of balance【答案】C【解析】考查固定结构。in balance“保持”；on balance“总的来说”；out of balance“失去平衡”。本句意为“总的来说，我认为采用它对我们有好处”，用“总的来说”顺承“提出的方案有优点也有缺点”。C选项符合题意。5. 单选题The worlds governments have done （ ）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.plausiblyB.perceptivelyC.operationallyD.intrinsically【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。plausibly“看似的”；perceptively“有洞察力的”；operationally“操作上”；intrinsically“本质的，内在的”。本句意为“世界各国政府在应对核事故威胁方面没有采取任何行动”，各国政府操作着国家的行动，C选项符合题意，因此选C。6. 单选题Jonathan is （ ）in his research field; no other contemporary researchers can command the same respect.问题1选项A.headstrongB.preeminentC.flamboyantD.anachronistic【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。Headstrong “任性的，顽固的”； preeminent “卓越的，超群的”；flamboyant “艳丽的，炫耀的” anachronistic “过时的，时代错误的”。句意：乔纳森在他的研究领域是卓越的;没有其他当代研究者能获得同样的尊重。选项B符合题意。7. 单选题The new technology will greatly（ ）food production in China to feed more people on such densely populated land.问题1选项A.boomB.boundC.boostD.bounce【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。C选项boost“促进”正确；A选项boom“使兴旺”；B选项bound“界限”；D选项bounce“跳”。本句表示“这项新技术将大大提高中国的粮食产量，在人口如此密集的土地上养活更多的人”粮食产量需要提高和促进。因此C选项符合题意。8. 单选题Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed （1）extending mans knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions（2）from university to university, according to the views of the people in（3） and according to the resources available.The smaller and newer universities do not（4）the staff or equipment to carry out the（5） research projects possible in larger institutions.（6） most experts agree that some research activity is（7） to keep the staff and their students in （8） with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to（9） the knowledge needed for their chosen（10）. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the（11） one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women（12） judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge.For this reason, they（13） students to meet others with differing（14）and to read widely to（15） their understanding in many fields of study.（16） a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own（17） . He should be prepared to（18）every effort to study his chosen（19） in depth. He should have an ambition to make some（20） contribution to mans knowledge.问题1选项A.atB.byC.toD.in问题2选项A.turnsB.rangeC.movesD.varies问题3选项A.prospectB.placeC.controlD.favor问题4选项A.occupyB.possessC.involveD.spare问题5选项A.maximumB.mediumC.virtualD.vast问题6选项A.ButB.AsC.WhileD.For问题7选项A.naturalB.essentialC.functionalD.optional问题8选项A.coordinationB.accordanceC.touchD.grasp问题9选项A.acquireB.acceptC.endureD.ensure问题10选项A.processionB.professionC.possessionD.preference问题11选项A.typicalB.trueC.mereD.only问题12选项A.withB.underC.onD.through问题13选项A.promptB.provokeC.encourageD.anticipate问题14选项A.historiesB.expressions.C.interestsD.curiosities问题15选项A.broadenB.lengthenC.enforceD.specify问题16选项A.amidB.afterC.overD.upon问题17选项A.objectB.courseC.effectD.sake问题18选项A.takeB.makeC.sufferD.pay问题19选项A.fieldB.scopeC.targetD.goal问题20选项A.radicalB.truthfulC.meaningfulD.initial【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D第6题:A第7题:B第8题:C第9题:A第10题:B第11题:D第12题:A第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:D第17题:D第18题:B第19题:A第20题:B【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。动词aim后面一般可以跟两个介词，aim at或者aim to，如果是后者的话，后面的动词应该用动词原形，根据extending可知此处用at, aim at “针对；旨在”,因此选项A符合题意。（2）考查动词词组。空格处所在句子的大意是：不同大学对这些功能的重视程度不一样。vary from to “因而异”，选项D符合题意。（3）考查固定搭配。the people in charge “负责人”，选项C符合题意。（4）考查动词词义辨析。句子缺少一个谓语动词，主语是universities, 宾语是the staff or requirement，根据主语跟宾语的关系，可知possess “拥有”符合要求。（5）考查形容词词义辨析。maximum “最高的；最多的”；medium “中间的，中等的”；virtual “实质上的”；vast “巨大的，大量的”。Smaller and newer universities (小规模并且是新建的大学)与后文的larger institutions (较大的机构)形成对比，空格处是较大机构做的事情，因此选项D符合题意。（6）考查逻辑连接词。空格处需根据上下文填入一个逻辑连接词。前面提到新建的小规模的大学因缺乏人力物力无法做大量的研究项目，后面提到大部分专家认为科研很重要，二者是有一个转折关系，选项A符合题意。（7）考查固定搭配。natural “自然的”；essential “基本的，必要的”；functional “功能的”；optional “可选择的，随意的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：大部分专家认为搞科研对于教师和学生及时了解最新信息非常，由此可知，科研对于教师和学生来说是非常有必要的, be essential to “对很有必要”，选项B符合题意。（8）考查固定搭配。搞科研是为了让教师和学生能够及时了解最新的信息，keep in touch with为固定搭配，意思是 “与.保持联系”。选项C符合题意。（9）考查动词词义辨析。acquire “获得，取得”；accept “接受”；endure “忍耐”；ensure “确保”。所填动词后面的宾语是knowledge (知识)，acquire knowledge 搭配恰当，“获得知识”符合题意。（10）考查名词词义辨析。procession “队伍，行列”；profession“职业，专业”；possession “拥有；财产”；preference “偏爱，倾向”。前半句提到获取知识，后半句提及“他们选择的”，根据语境可知选项B符合题意。（11）考查形容词词义辨析。后文提到大学的目的是教育具有判断力和智慧、知识的男女，说明目的不止一个，选项D符合题意。（12）考查介词词义辨析。空格前面提到 men and women，后面是 judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge, 前者与后者是所属关系，用介词with。（13）考查动词词义辨析。prompt “促进”；provoke “驱使；激怒”；encourage “鼓励，怂恿”；anticipate “预料，预期”。前文提到教育的目的不只一个，所以学校鼓励学生去结交那些兴趣不同的朋友，选项C符合题意。（14）考查名词词义辨析。history “历史”；expression“表达”；interest “兴趣爱好”；curiosity “好奇心”。“学校鼓励学生去结交那些兴趣不同的朋友”，因此选项C符合题意。（15）考查动词词义辨析。broaden “扩大”；lengthen “使延长”；enforce “实施”；specify “指定，详细说明”。前面提到结交兴趣不同的朋友，会使得他们在研究领域的理解“扩大”。选项A符合题意。（16）考查介词词义辨析。需要填入一个表时间的介词，on a secondary school course “在中学课程时”，因此选项D符合题意。（17）考查固定搭配。for ones own sake “为了自己的利益”。选项D符合题意。（18）考查固定搭配。make effort to do “努力做”，选项B符合题意。（19）考查名词词义辨析。field “领域”；scope “范围”；target “目标”；goal “目标”。空格处所在句子的大意是：深入研究他所在的领域。选项A符合题意。（20）考查形容词词义辨析。radical “根本的”；truthful “真实的，诚实的”；meaningful “有意义的”；initial “最初的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：他应该有抱负去为人类的知识做出真实的贡献。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题The accident occurred when a van （ ）on the snow-covered road and bumped into a car that was not able to steer away in time owing also to the snow.问题1选项A.skiddedB.slidC.glidedD.slipped【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：事故发生时，一辆面包车在积雪覆盖的路上打滑，撞上了一辆由于下雪无法及时躲开的小汽车。选项A “打滑”符合题意。10. 单选题From 1947 to 1950 abstract expressions came to full maturity, and （ ）the 1950s this style dominated the New York City art scene.问题1选项A.therebyB.whenC.duringD.whereas【答案】C【解析】副词辨析。thereby “从而，因此”；when“当.的时候”；during “在.期间”；whereas “然而，鉴于”。句意：从1947年到1950年抽象表达完全成熟，在20世纪50年代期间，这种风格在纽约市的艺术舞台中占据主导地位。选项C符合题意。11. 单选题He （ ） be the person who killed Mary because he was with me last night the whole night and（ ） it.问题1选项A.cant .could not doB.may not.could not doC.must not .could not have doneD.cant. could not have done【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：他肯定不是杀害玛丽的人，因为他昨晚整晚跟我在一起，所以他不可能做这件事。第一空表示推测，后面提到了原因，所以这里的推测是非常肯定的猜测，用cant，must not 表示 “禁止”的意思,不符合题意；第二空could not have done 表示“本不会做某事（实际上做了）”，不符合题意，因此此处要填入 could not do。选项A符合题意。12. 翻译题1.经济活动对环境有着潜在的影响，人们对此已经有了一定的认识。2.要让我们的国产品牌为世界更多的消费者认可，广告创作就必须使用国际通用的语言。3.有一种理论，把对目的语的敏感性视作语言学习中最重要的因素之一。4.为了帮助学生学习语言，图书馆已经决定将英语原版电影出租给他们。5.心理学家们已经做了无数次试验表明，在改进人的行为方面，表扬比批评有效得多。【答案】1.The potential impact of economic activity on the environment has been well understood.2.In order for our domestic brands to be recognized by more consumers in the world, the creation of advertisements must use the internationally used language.3.One theory holds that sensitivity to the target language is one of the most important factors in language learning.4.To help students learn language, the library has decided to rent out original English movies to them.5. Psychologists have conducted numerous experiments, showing that praise is far more effective than criticism at improving peoples behavior.13. 翻译题1.书籍引导我们进入优秀的社会群体，将我们带到伟大的思想家面前。2.这些不同文化背景的年轻人都具有共同的爱好，喜欢同样的服饰、音乐和娱乐。3.名声、财富和权利都是身外之物，人人可求而得之，但没有人能代替你感受人生。4.中国坚持以人为本的科学发展观，着力构建和谐社会。5.一个时代展现在我们面前；政治更加民主，社会全面进步，人们生活进一步提高。【答案】1.Books guide us into good social groups and bring us to great thinkers.2.These young people from different cultural backgrounds all have common hobbies and like the same clothes, music and entertainment.3.Fame, wealth and power are worldly possessions that can be acquired by all, but no one can feel life for you.4.China adheres to the people-oriented scientific concept of development and strives to build a harmonious society.5. An era is unfolding before us; politics is more democratic, society is progressing in an all-round way, and peoples lives are further improved.14. 单选题A network of miniature toxin detectors has been （ ）in 30 American cities for the sake of bio-security.问题1选项A.deployedB.committedC.indulgedD.immersed【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。A选项deploy “部署，有效利用”；B选项commit “犯罪，保证”;C选项 indulge “沉溺”；D选项immerse “沉浸，陷入”；根据主语A network of miniature toxin detectors微型毒素探测器网络确定A选项正确。15. 单选题The concept of personal choice（ ）health behaviors is an important one.问题1选项A.in face ofB.in case ofC.in relation toD.in charge of【答案】C【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项in face of“面对、面临”；B选项in case of“假如、万一”；C选项in relation to“关于、涉及”；D选项in charge of“负责、掌管”，句意：个人选择与健康行为的关系是一个重要的概念。个人选择与健康行为是相关的关系，因此选项C符合题意。16. 单选题When the governor of the province arrived in the town hall he was immediately surrounded by local officials who tried every way to ingratiate themselves （ ）the governor.问题1选项A.withB.ofC.intoD.under【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。ingratiate oneself with sb. “奉承某人，讨好某人”。当省长到达大厅时，他立刻被当地官员那些想讨好他的官员团团围住了。选项A符合题意。17. 写作题Directions: Choose one of the two topics to develop an essay of about 300 words.1.At present, Chinas reform of the supply-side structure, or the supply front structure reform is a comprehensive strategic development that involves industry, macro control capital and the fiscal and taxation systems. How do you understand the supply front structure reform? How do you think it influences your career? How do you think it affects the reform of education?2.The idea “craftsmanship” or “the spirit of craftsman” occurs in the Report on the Work of the Government delivered at the 13th National peoples Congress by premier Li Keqiang. How do you understand the spirit of craftsman? How do you think it influences your career? How do you think it affects the reform of education?【答案】略18. 单选题With her warm voice and informal manner, Pear Baily attained success in（ ）.问题1选项A.every entertainment medium virtuallyB.every virtually entertainment mediumC.virtually entertainment every mediumD.virtually every entertainment medium【答案】D【解析】语法题。Every为限定词，修饰entertainment medium，virtually为副词，修饰形容词every，句意：凭借她温暖的嗓音和不拘礼节的举止，Pear Baily几乎在所有的娱乐媒体中都取得了成功。选项D符合题意。19. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following into English.1.脍炙人口的传统京剧白蛇传讲的是传自明朝的故事。在白剧中，蛇被赋予了崇高的人性。2.我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独享忧伤也是一种愉快。3.他们发现很难接受这个事实：由于父亲的失业，他们必须省掉很多奢侈品。4.明亮的色彩和大胆的笔触成为他早期绘画的特征。这吸引了很多年轻人。5.为了接待每年数以万计的外国游客，我国旅游部门正在想方设法改善旅游住宿设施和餐饮服务。【答案】1.The popular traditional Peking Opera, The Legend of the White Snake, tells a story from the Ming Dynasty. In the Story of the White Snake, the snake is endowed with noble humanity.2.I can enjoy being alone for a long time. To enjoy happiness alone is a pleasure, and to enjoy sorrow alone is a pleasure.3.They found it hard to accept the fact that they had to give up many of their luxuries because of their fathers unemployment.4.Bright colors and bold strokes characterized his early paintings. This attracts many young people.5. Chinas tourism authorities are looking for ways to improve accommodation and catering services for the tens of thousands of foreign tourists who visit the country each year.20. 单选题For the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the （1） of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel（2） to go to bed and pleased when the journey（3） .On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed（4） earlier than usual. When I（5） my cabin, I was surprised（6） that I was to have a companion during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected（7） but there was a suitcase（8） mine in the opposition corner. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in. He was the sort of man you might meet（9） , except that he was wearing（10） good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not（11） whoever he was and did not say（12） . As I had expected, he did not talk to me either but went to bed immediately.I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but covered（13） as well as I could and tries to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a（14） was coming from the window opposite. I thought perhaps I had forgotten（15）the door, so I got up（16）the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the window opposite. I crossed the room and（17） the moon shone through it on to the other bed.（18） there. It took me a minute or two to（19） the door myself. I realized that my companion（20） through the window into the sea.问题1选项A.reasonB.motiveC.causeD.sake问题2选项A.tired enoughB.enough tiredC.enough tiringD.enough tiring问题3选项A.achievedB.finishC.is overD.is in the end问题4选项A.qui