2022-2023年考博英语-西南科技大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第44期

2022-2023年考博英语-西南科技大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Dear Sirs,Your shipment of twelve thousand “Smart” watches was received by our company this morning. However, we wish to make a number of complaints concerning the serious delay in delivery and your failure to carry out our specific instructions with regard to this order.It was stressed from the beginning that the delivery date had to be less than six weeks from the initial order, in order to meet our own customers requirements. While we understand that delays in production are occasionally inevitable, we must point out that the major reason why the order was placed with your company was because we were assured by you of its speed of delivery, and that your existing stocks were sufficiently high to ensure immediate shipment. Late delivery of the goods has caused us to disappoint several of our most valued customers, and is bound to have a negative effect on potential future orders.The second complaint concerns the difference in color between the watches we ordered and those delivered. It was stated clearly in the original order that watches in combinations of green/ purple and orange/purple only were required. However, only half the watches in the delivery received are of the colors specified. Our Hong Kong agent assures us that she stressed to you the importance of following our instructions precisely, since we consider there to be only a limited market in this country for watches of other colors at the present time. Any watches that are not of the specified colors will, of course, be returned to you.We are also somewhat concerned about the rather poor quality of the goods received, since it is apparent that the watches that finally arrived have been produced from inferior materials and have been manufactured to a lower standard than those in the sample. We have also found that a number of the watches do not appear to be functioning. Whether the latter problem is due to poor manufactures, damage during transportation or bad batteries is not yet clear, but we should like to point out that we feel this matter to be entirely your responsibility.As a result of the above problems, therefore, we feel that the most suitable course of action is to return to you unpaid any of the goods considered unsatisfactory, and to subtract any resultant costs from our final settlement. We shall also, of course, be forced to reconsider whether any further orders should be placed with your company.We look forward to your prompt reply. Yours sincerely, John Smith1. The manufacturers of “Smart” watches were given the order because（ ）.2. Receiving watches in the wrong colors is a problem because（ ）.3. “The latter problem” in paragraph 4 refers to（ ）.4. The last sentence of paragraph 5 “We shall also, of course, be forced to. with your company” suggests that（ ）.5. The purpose of this letter is to（ ）.问题1选项A.they produced the best watches of its kind in the worldB.they watches would be easy to make and the designs were already preparedC.they promised they could produce enough stocks quite quicklyD.they claimed the order would be easy since the watches were already in stock问题2选项A.the Hong Kong agent stressed the need to fulfill the order exactlyB.these watches will be difficult to sellC.these watches will not be able to get into the limited marketD.people will not buy the watches at present问题3选项A.the poor quality of the goodsB.the use of inferior materialsC.the low standard of manufactureD.some of the watches not working问题4选项A.the company may stop trading with the watch manufacturersB.the company will probably reduce the number of watches to be ordered in the futureC.the writer is afraid their company might go out of business soonD.the company is probably willing to give the manufactures another chance问题5选项A.ask for prompt replyB.blame the manufacturers for late deliveryC.complain of some problems concerning the watchesD.threaten to cancel the orders【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：“智能”手表的制造商接到这个订单是因为_。通过题干的内容定位到第二段we must point out that the major reason why the order was placed with your company was because we were assured by you of its speed of delivery, and that your existing stocks were sufficiently high to ensure immediate shipment.（我们必须指出，向贵公司订货的主要原因是贵公司向我们保证交货速度快，而贵公司现有库存充足，足以确保立即装运。），可知D选项“他们声称这个订单很容易，因为这些手表已经有库存了”符合题意。选项A“他们生产了世界上这种类型最好的手表”，B选项“这些手表制作起来很容易，设计也已经准备好了”，A，B选项内容文章并没有提及，所以不正确，C选项“他们承诺他们可以很快生产出足够的库存”，与文中快速交货的内容不符，排除C选项。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。2.事实细节题。题干：收到颜色不对的手表是个问题，因为_。通过题干关键词“color”定位到第三段Our Hong Kong agent assures us that she stressed to you the importance of following our instructions precisely, since we consider there to be only a limited market in this country for watches of other colors at the present time.（我们的香港代理人向我们保证，她曾向你方强调，必须严格按照我们的指示行事，因为我们认为目前其他颜色的手表在该国市场有限。），说明这些手表在该国市场小，难卖出去，故B选项“这些手表很难卖出去”正确，A选项“香港代理强调需要准确的完成订单”，文章有提及，但是并不是需要收到准确颜色手表的原因，故排除，C选项“这些手表将无法进入有限的市场”，和文章表达的其他颜色的手表在该国市场有限有出入，所以不正确。D选项“人们现在不会买手表”，属于无中生有。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。3.事实细节题。题干：文章第四段的“The latter problem”指的是_。由题干可以定位到文章第四段We have also found that a number of the watches do not appear to be functioning. Whether the latter problem is due to poor manufactures, damage during transportation or bad batteries is not yet clear（我们还发现一些手表似乎不工作。目前尚不清楚后一种情况是由于生产质量差，运输过程中损坏，还是电池损坏造成的），所以这里的“The latter problem”指的是手表似乎不工作，与D选项“有些手表似乎不工作”表达的意思一致，A选项“产品质量比较差”，B选项“使用劣质的材料”，C选项“生产标准低”，这三个选项都是收到产品的问题，但并不是latter problem指代的内容。综上所述，本题的正确答案为D。4.推理判断题。题干：文章第五段的最后一句话“当然，我们也不得不和你们公司”，意味着_。可以定位到文章第五段的内容As a result of the above problems, therefore, we feel that the most suitable course of action is to return to you unpaid any of the goods considered unsatisfactory, and to subtract any resultant costs from our final settlement. We shall also, of course, be forced to reconsider whether any further orders should be placed with your company.（因此，由于上述问题的结果，我们认为最合适的行动方案是将任何未付款的被认为不令人满意的货物退还给你，并从我们的最终结算中减去任何由此产生的费用。当然，我们也不得不重新考虑是否要向贵公司下进一步的订单。），该段明确指出，由于上述问题，会退还一部分的货物，并且考虑是否要向贵公司下进一步的订单，所以A“该公司可能会停止与手表制造商的贸易”正确，B选项“该公司将来可能会减少手表的订购数量”，该公司现在就会退还一部分货物，并将来可能会终止合作，所以B选项不正确，C选项“作者担心他们的公司可能会很快破产”，文中没有提到作者对于其公司的态度，排除。D选项“公司可能愿意再给制造商一次机会”，没有提到愿不愿意给机会让制造商改进问题，综上所述，本题的正确答案为A选项。5.观点态度题。题干：这封信的目的是_。文章开头就提到，制造商的货物已经收到，明确表达这封信的目的就是对于交货的延迟以及没有遵循其明确的指示表示几点抱怨。第一段是抱怨交货时间推迟，第二段是抱怨手表颜色不对，第三段是抱怨质量问题。所以整篇文章目的就是向供货商抱怨手表的问题，所以C选项“抱怨关于手表的一些问题”正确。2. 单选题After（ ）seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel managers office.问题1选项A.thatB.itC.whatD.there【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。介词after后面接的是宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少主语，用what引导宾语从句，并做从句的主语。句意：在无尽的等待后，轮到她进入人事部经理的办公室了。因此本题的正确答案是C选项。3. 单选题Joe returned from vacation and woke up completely（ ）.问题1选项A.refreshedB.being refreshedC.having refreshedD.having been refreshed【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。B选项是动名词的被动形式，“being done”，C选项是动名词的完成形式“having done”，D选项是动名词的完成+被动形式“having been done”，句意：乔度假回来，醒来后精神抖擞。所以本题的正确答案应该是A选项。4. 单选题Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with “nonhuman creatures” such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca “lines” of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These fines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Danikens theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin Americas past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?2. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found（ ）.3. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the（ ）images they present.3. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because of（ ）.5. The author is（ ）about the role of the Internet in solving mysteries.问题1选项A.Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomenaB.Public attention is now directed towards countries like PeruC.Public interest usually focuses on North America and EuropeD.Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries问题2选项A.in mountainsB.in stonesC.on animalsD.on a plain问题3选项A.smallerB.largerC.clearerD.brighter问题4选项A.the participation of scientistsB.the emergence of the InternetC.the birth of new theoriesD.the interest in the Internet问题5选项A.cautiousB.pessimisticC.uncertainD.optimistic【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项的陈述不正确？文章第一段第三句指出Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well.（直到最近，拉丁美洲也开始受到一些关注。），可知A选项“拉丁美洲长期以来一直因异常现象而受到关注”，与原文意思矛盾，表述不正确，答案选A；根据第一段最后一句话Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.（尽管阿兹特克文明、玛雅文明和印加文明的奥秘已经为人所知好几个世纪了，但现在公众也开始意识到在秘鲁等国家出现了不寻常的超自然现象。），可知B选项“公众的注意力现在转向了像秘鲁这样的国家”和D选项“一些古代文明有未解之谜”，均符合文意；根据第一段第一句话Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries.（在过去的几十年里，美国、加拿大和欧洲因异常现象和未解之谜而受到了大量媒体甚至研究的关注。），可知C选项“公众的兴趣通常集中在北美和欧洲”正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。2.事实细节题。题干：根据文章可知，纳斯卡线条在_被发现。由题干关键词“Nazca lines”定位至第二段第二句话These fines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard.（这些细雕被深深地雕刻成一个平坦的石质平原，并形成了大约300幅复杂的动物图片，如鸟、猴子和蜥蜴。），可知D选项“在平原”，正确。A选项“在山区”，B选项“石头上”和C选项“在动物身上”，均不是正确答案。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3.事实细节题。题干：我们可以根据文章推断，在越高的地方看这些线条，图像展现得就会越_。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句话Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet-meaning from an aircraft.（从地面上看，这些设计是乱七八糟，毫无意义的东西。这些图像是如此之大，以至于只能在1000英尺的高度也就是说从飞机上看。），也就是说，从越高的地方看这些线条，图案也就越清晰。所以本题C选项“越清晰”，符合题意。A选项“越渺小”，B选项“越庞大”，和D选项“越明亮”，均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。4.事实细节题。题干：人们对纳斯卡线条越来越感兴趣主要是因为_。由题干可以定位到文章第三段前两句Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet.（今天，人们对纳斯卡线条有了新的更大的兴趣。它是互联网诞生的直接结果。），可知B选项“互联网的出现”，符合题意；而第三段最后一句话and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科学家也通过电子邮件和聊天室加入了讨论），是对互联网对其贡献的具体说明，不是直接原因，故A选项“科学家的参与”，不正确；C选项“新理论的诞生”和D选项“互联网的兴趣”与题干无关，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。5.观点态度题。题干：关于互联网在解决神秘事件中的作用，作者是_。全文末句表达了作者的态度Perhaps it is a step in the fight direction.（也许这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。）这里a step in the right direction是对这种解开不解之谜的方式的肯定，但加上perhaps之后可以感受到作者这种谨慎的态度，故A选项“谨慎的”，符合题意。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“不确定的”和D选项“乐观的”，均不是作者的态度。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。5. 单选题Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper（ ）closely.问题1选项A.followedB.followsC.followingD.to follow【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。一般情况下，分词作状语时，应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系(主谓或动宾关系)，否则分词就须有自己的主语或逻辑宾语，来构成“名词或代词+分词”的独立分词结构，用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等。copper与follow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。由此可见，C选项正确。copper following it closely是以现在分词following为中心的独立主格结构。（独立主格结构就是某一个非谓语动词短语，或名词性短语，或形容词性短语，或介词短语的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，而是自己另带的一个逻辑主语。比如本句的主语是silver，但following的逻辑主语是copper。又如：He stood there, book in hand.中的介词短语in hand的逻辑主语是book而不是句子的主语he，所以book in hand为独立主格结构。）句意：银是最好的导体，铜与之非常接近。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。6. 单选题A bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy colored fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the caf of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Babylonian, a white palace with ten thousand lights. Its towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress (five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far comer. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were all there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favorite floor, where an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamor of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, a sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.1. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests that（ ）.2. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPT（ ）.3. In its context the statement that “the place was built for him” means that the caf was intended to（ ）.4. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?5. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT that（ ）.问题1选项A.modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearanceB.there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the cafC.the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materialsD.the caf was based on physical foundations and real economic strength问题2选项A.“.turned Babylonian”B.“perhaps a new barbarism”C.“acres of white napery”D.“balanced to the last halfpenny”问题3选项A.please simple people in a simple wayB.exploit gullible people like himC.satisfy a demand that already existedD.provide relaxation for tired young men问题4选项A.The caf appealed to most senses simultaneously.B.The caf was both full of people and full of warmth.C.The inside of the caf was contrasted with the weather outside.D.It stressed the commercial determination of the caf owners.问题5选项A.the entrance hall is compared to a railway stationB.the orchestra is compared to a magnetC.Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldierD.the interior of the caf is compared to warm countries【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：“behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel”，代表着_。由引号部分的内容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句话Its towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was，the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization，perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last half penny.（它像城堡一样高耸于其他建筑之上，确实是一个新时代的前哨，也许是一种新的文明，也许是一种新的野蛮；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和钢铁，就像在奢侈的背后是数百万便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根据上下文，it指代的是上文的a white palace.“just as”引导一个比较状语从句，把“behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel”与“behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny”进行比较。采用了象征的手法，“thin marble front”象征着外貌浮华，实则脆弱，“concrete and steel”，象征着本质现实，与商业无差。所以我们可以得出选项A“奢华外表的背后是现代现实主义的商业主义”，符合题意。B选项“咖啡馆的风格和魅力存在一个基本的虚伪”和D选项“咖啡馆是基于物理基础和真实的经济实力”，都是在说咖啡馆的特征，故不符合题意。C选项“建筑师将新旧建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此处不是在讲建筑材料，而是通过建筑材料引申出更深刻的含义，故C选项错误。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。2.推理判断题。题干：以下单词除了_，都是在批判茶馆。A选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Babylonian, a white palace with ten thousand lights. （一家已经疯了，变了样的茶馆。巴比伦，一座有万盏灯的白色宫殿），Babylonian用于限定茶馆，是一处用典，表示罪恶的、富丽的与critical意义一致，故排除A选项。B选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第三句话It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism;（它像城堡一样高耸于其他建筑之上，确实是一个新时代的前哨，也许是一种新的文明，也许是一种新的野蛮），此处barbarism和civilization是对比关系，仅表达中性价值，故B选项错误。C选项的单词定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots（在背后的某个地方，隐藏在万盏灯、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花缭乱的闪闪发光的茶壶后面），此处体现了铺张浪费，表达作者的批评，故排除C选项。D选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第三句话just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是数百万便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此处象征着奢华外表的背后是现代现实主义的商业主义，也是批判的含义，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。3.事实细节题。题干：文中的“the place was built for him”意味着咖啡馆的目的是_。根据题干定位到第一段最后两句话Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶馆，不仅仅是为了寻找茶点，而是为了寻找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也许他心里知道，人类已经征服了半个已知的世界，掠夺了整个王国，却