2022-2023年考博英语-东北财经大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第42期

2022-2023年考博英语-东北财经大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题To get my travelers checks I had to _ such a special check to the bank for the total amount.问题1选项A.make forB.make outC.make upD.make over【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. make for 前往；造就 B. make out 填写完C. make up 补充；编造；构成 D. make over 转让【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析与动宾搭配【解题思路】空格处所填短语搭配的宾语为“一张特别的支票”，B选项make out“填写完”可以与之搭配，make out a check“填写支票”。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项与宾语“一张特别的支票”搭配不当。【句意】为了取得全额的旅行支票，我必须给银行开一张特别的支票。2. 单选题Reforming the Social Security retirement program is an issue of enormous practical importance. Yet it remains the missing piece in American policy analysis. At a time when the Congress and the Administration are considering ways to reform welfare, Medicare, Medicaid, and the income tax, elected officials are still unwilling to confront the serious problems of our Social Security system. Eventually, however, its deteriorating financial condition will force major reforms. Whether those reforms are good or bad, whether they deal with the basic economic problems of the system or merely protect the solvency of existing institutional arrangements will depend in part on whether we, as economists, provide the appropriate intellectual framework for analyzing reform alternatives.Major policy changes that affect the public at large can only happen in our democracy, when there is widespread public support for the new direction of policy. In the field of economics, the views of the media, of other private-sector opinion leaders, and of politicians and their advisers, depend very much on their perception of what economists believe feasible and correct. Fundamental policy reforms in a complex area like social security also require the development of technical expertise, both in and out of government, about the options for change and their likely consequences. Fortunately, an expanding group of economists is now thinking and writing about social security reform. My remarks today greatly benefit from what they have written and from my conversations with many of them.I began to do my research on the effects of Social Security reform nearly 25 years ago (Feldstein, 1974, 1975). A central concept in my analysis of Social Security has been the notion of “Social Security wealth”, which I defined as the present actuarial value of the Social Security benefits to which the current adult population will be entitled at age 65 (or are already entitled to if they are older than 65) minus the present actuarial value of the Social Security taxes that they will pay before reaching that age. Social Security wealth has now grown to about $11 trillion or more than 1.5 times GDP. Since this is equivalent to more than $50, 000 for every adult in the country, the value of Social Security wealth substantially exceeds all other assets for the vast majority of American households. In the aggregate, Social Security wealth exceeds three-fourths of all private financial wealth, as conventionally measured.Social Security wealth is of course not real wealth but only a claim on current and future taxpayers. Instead of labeling this key magnitude “Social Security wealth”, I could have called it the nations “Social Security liability”. Like ordinary government debt, Social Security wealth has the power to crowd out private capital accumulation, and Social Security wealth will continue to grow as long as our current system remains unchanged displacing an ever larger stock of capital.The $11 trillion Social Security liability is three times as large as the official national debt. Although I certainly welcome the current political efforts to shrink future budget deficits, it is worth noting that, even if the traditional deficit is eliminated in the year 2002, so that the national debt is then no longer increasing, the national debt in the form of the Social Security liability is likely to increase that year by about $300 billion.Looking further into the future, the aggregate Social Security liability will grow as the population expands, as it becomes relatively older, and as income rises. Government actuaries predict that, under existing law, the tax rate required to pay each years Social Security benefit will rise over the next 50 years from the present level of slightly less than 12 percent to more than 18 percent, and perhaps to as much as 23 percent.1. The deterioration financial condition referred to was caused by _.2. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “alternatives” refers to _.3. According to the author, major policy changes can only happen in _.4. In paragraph three, the name and the dates between parentheses _.5. The definition of Social Security wealth _.6. Rather than wealth, this key magnitude may be construed as a liability because _.问题1选项A.a poor economic approach to the Social Security retirement programB.the reform of welfare in the Social Security retirement programC.major policy changes in the Social Security retirement programD.government debt in the Social Security retirement program问题2选项A.coursesB.thoughtsC.peopleD.occasions问题3选项A.social security wealth in the United StatesB.democratic countriesC.a country where and when opinion upholds changeD.all of the above问题4选项A.are a question of personal styleB.represent vital new informationC.identity the authorD.refer to a different author问题5选项A.applies to the benefits payable before age 65B.does not apply to benefits after age 65C.includes the present actuarial value paid before age 65D.was formulated two and a half decade ago问题6选项A.it has now grown to $11 trillionB.it is equivalent to more than $50,000 for every adult in the countryC.it grows steadily through the accumulation of private capitalD.it is a debt to be paid【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D第6题:D【解析】第1题:【选项释义】The deterioration financial condition referred to was caused by _. 文中提到的财务状况恶化是由_造成的。A. a poor economic approach to the Social Security retirement program A. 社会保障退休计划的糟糕的经济方法B. the reform of welfare in the Social Security retirement program B. 社会保障退休计划中的福利改革C. major policy changes in the Social Security retirement program C. 社会保障退休计划中的重大政策变化D. government debt in the Social Security retirement program D. 社会保障退休计划中的政府债务【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词deterioration financial condition定位到原文第1段第4句，该句提到“其日益恶化的财政状况（its deteriorating financial condition）最终（Eventually）将迫使其进行重大改革（major reforms）。”由此可知，后文介绍的应该是财政状况恶化的结果改革，因此，导致财政状况恶化的原因应该去前文中找。前一句提到“当国会和政府正在考虑如何改革社会福利、医疗保险、医疗补助和所得税时，官员们仍然不愿意面对我们社会保障体系的严重问题。”由此可知，在讨论制定社会保障计划时，政府官员们的方法不当，不愿意处理社会保障体系中的严重问题，由此最终导致需要进行改革。A选项“制定社会保障退休计划的糟糕的经济方法”最符合原文。【干扰项排除】B选项“社会保障退休计划中的福利改革”，根据【解题思路】可知，“改革”是“财政状况恶化”的结果，而本题询问的是“财政状况恶化”的原因，该选项属于因果倒置；C选项“社会保障退休计划中的重大政策变化”，“重大政策变化”可定位到原文第2段第1句，该句提到“只有当新的政策方向得到公众的广泛支持时，才能发生影响广大公众的重大政策变化”，与本题无关；D选项“社会保障退休计划中的政府债务”，“政府债务”是原文第4-6段的内容，根据原文可知，与本题无关。第2题:【选项释义】In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “alternatives” refers to _. 第一段的最后一句中“alternatives”指的是_。A. courses A. 课程；路线B. thoughts B. 想法；看法C. people C. 人民D. occasions D. 重大场合【答案】D【考查点】词汇推理题【解题思路】根据题干关键词the first paragraph和the last sentence定位到原文最后一段最后一句，该句提到“这些改革是好是坏，是解决体系的基本经济问题，还是仅仅保护现有制度安排的偿付能力，将部分取决于我们，作为经济学家，是否提供适当的知识框架来分析_。”原词alternatives的本义为“可供替代的选择”，在这里应该指的是一些供选择的改革方案（reform alternatives）。D选项occasions可以指重大的社会事件或场合，reform occasions指的是“改革”这件事，与原文的语义最接近。【干扰项排除】A选项courses“课程；路线”、B选项thoughts“想法；看法”、C选项people“人民”完全不符合原文语义。第3题:【选项释义】According to the author, major policy changes can only happen in _. 根据作者的观点，主要的政策变化只能发生在_。A. social security wealth in the United States A. 美国的社会保障财富B. democratic countries B. 民主国家C. a country where and when opinion upholds change C. 在一个舆论支持改变的国家D. all of the above D. 以上所有【答案】C【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词major policy changes定位到原文第2段第一句，该句提到“在我们的民主体制中，只有在新的政策方向得到公众的广泛支持（public support）时，影响广大公众的重大政策变化（Major policy changes）才能发生（can only happen in our democracy）。”由此可知，只有当一个国家的民众支持政策变革时，重大的政策变化才能发生，C选项“在一个舆论支持改变的国家”最符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“美国的社会保障财富”，虽然本文的话题是社会保障，但是原文并没有说作者认为美国的重大政策只能发生在社会保障的财富领域，该选项属于无中生有；B选项“民主国家”，如果选择了这个选项，应该是对原文in our democracy理解有误差，原文中，in our democracy应该是整个句子的状语，指在我们这个民主国家，重大的政策变化只能发生在什么时候，而不是说只能发生在我们这个民主国家，该选项属于曲解原文；D选项“以上所有”，A、B选项都不满足，该项也不能选。第4题:【选项释义】In paragraph three, the name and the dates between parentheses _. 在第三段中，括号里的名字和日期_。A. are a question of personal style A. 是个人风格的问题B. represent vital new information B. 代表重要的新信息C. identity the author C. 标明作者的身份D. refer to a different author D. 指向一个不同的作者【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词In paragraph three定位到原文第3段。本段第一句提到“近25年前，我开始研究社会保障改革的影响（费尔德斯坦，1974，1975）。”在论文中，通常会使用括号中标明作者和日期的格式，来提示这是该作者该时间的研究。原文中括号里的名字和日期是为了表明关于社会保障改革的影响的研究是费尔德斯坦在1974到1975年的著作。C选项“标明作者的身份”最符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“是个人风格的问题”，表述错误，这种做法是惯例；B选项“代表重要的新信息”，表述错误，原文中作者已经点明这是他自己25年前的研究，所以不属于新信息；D选项“指向一个不同的作者”，表述错误，是同一个作者。第5题:【选项释义】The definition of Social Security wealth _. 社会保障财富的定义_。A. applies to the benefits payable before age 65 A. 适用于65岁之前可支付的福利B. does not apply to benefits after age 65 B. 不适用于65岁之后的福利C. includes the present actuarial value paid before age 65 C. 包括65岁以前支付的精算现值D. was formulated two and a half decade ago D. 是25年前形成的【答案】D【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词definition of Social Security wealth定位到原文第3段。本段第1句提到“差不多25年前（nearly 25 years ago），我开始研究社会保障改革的影响。”该段第2句提到“在我对社会保障的分析中（in my analysis of Social Security），一个中心概念是社会保障财富，我把它定义为（which I defined as）社会保障福利的精算现值（the present actuarial value of the Social Security benefits）（现在的成年人在65岁时将有权享受或65岁以上的老年人已经享受了）减去（minus）他们在达到那个年龄之前支付的社会保障税的精算现值（the present actuarial value of the Social Security taxes）。”由此可知，关于“社会保障财富”的概念是作者在他25年前的一份研究中定义的。D选项“是25年前形成的”最符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“适用于65岁之前可支付的福利”，由【解题思路】可知，根据定义，65岁之前交税，65岁及65岁以上才可能有资格享受福利，该选项表述错误，属于偷换概念；B选项“不适用于65岁之后的福利”，表述错误，定义适用于65岁之后的福利，该选项属于曲解原文；C选项“包括65岁以前支付的精算现值”，表述错误，由【解题思路】可知，“社会保障财富”的定义为“65岁及65岁以后享受到的福利的精算现值减去这些人65岁以前交的税的精算现值”，它是一个差额，而不是单独的某一个精算现值，该选项属于曲解原文。第6题:【选项释义】Rather than wealth, this key magnitude may be construed as a liability because _. 这个关键的量度可能被理解为负债而不是财富，因为_。A. it has now grown to $11 trillion A. 现在已经增长到11万亿美元了B. it is equivalent to more than $50,000 for every adult in the country B. 对这个国家的每个成年人来说相当于5万多美元C. it grows steadily through the accumulation of private capital C. 它通过私人资本的积累而稳步增长D. it is a debt to be paid D. 这是一笔需要偿还的债【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】本题询问的是为什么把它称之为“负债”而不是“财富”。根据题干关键词wealth、magnitude和liability定位到原文第4段第2句，该句提到“我本可以称其为国家的社会保障负债，而不是将其称为社会保障财富。”而作者说这句话的背景是，前一句提到“社会保障财富当然不是真正的财富（not real wealth），而只是（but only）对当前和未来纳税人的一种要求（a claim）。”由此可知，之所以把它称之为“负债”是因为它需要纳税人交税，相当于一笔要偿还的债务，D选项“这是一笔需要偿还的债”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“现在已经增长到11万亿美元了”，表述正确，但与本题无关；B选项“对这个国家的每个成年人来说相当于5万多美元”，表述正确，但与本题无关；C选项“它通过私人资本的积累而稳步增长”，表述错误，原文第4段最后一句提到“社会保障财富有能力将私人资本积累挤出。”由此可知，它并不是通过私人资本积累而增长的。3. 单选题In public, Prince Charles has proven to be a scrupulous dresser.问题1选项A.fashionableB.meticulousC.presentableD.ridiculous【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. fashionable 流行的；时髦的 B. meticulous 一丝不苟的C. presentable 像样的；体面的 D. ridiculous 荒谬的；可笑的【答案】B【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】划线词形容查尔斯王子（Prince Charles）在公众场合的着装，原词scrupulous“细致的；一丝不苟的”，因此，B选项meticulous“一丝不苟的”最符合原句句意。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原句句意。【句意】在公共场合，查尔斯王子（Prince Charles）的着装一丝不苟。4. 单选题Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephone use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, its oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil importing emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shifted have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economists commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70% and in 1979 by almost 30%.1. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is _.2. It can be inferred from the passage that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _.3. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries _.4. We can draw a conclusion from the passage that _.5. From the passage we can see that the writer seems _.问题1选项A.global inflationB.reduction in supplyC.fast growth in economyD.Iraqs imposition of exports问题2选项A.price of crude oil risesB.commodity prices riseC.consumption risesD.oil taxes rise问题3选项A.heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD.oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP问题4选项A.oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB.inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC.energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD.the price rise of crude oil leads to the shrinking of heavy industry问题5选项A.optimisticB.sensitiveC.gloomyD.scared【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】第1题:【选项释义】The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is _. 最近油价上涨的主要原因是_。A. global inflation A. 全球通货膨胀B. reduction in supply B. 供应减少C. fast growth in economy C. 经济快速增长D. Iraqs imposition of exports D. 伊拉克征收出口关税【答案】B【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】本题询问是近期石油上涨的主要原因。根据题干关键词the latest rise of oil price定位到原文第一段第二句，该句提到“自三月份石油输出国家组织（OPEC）同意减产（supply-cuts）以来，原油价格已从去年十二月的不到十美元一桶跃升至近二十六美元一桶。”由此可知，最近石油价格上涨的原因是“石油减产”，B选项“供应减少”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“全球通货膨胀”，可定位到原文第一段倒数第二句，该句提到“之前的两次冲击都导致了两位数的通货膨胀和全球经济下滑。”由此可知，原文提到“通货膨胀”是指前两次石油价格上涨导致的后果，并不是本次油价上涨的原因，该选项属于张冠李戴；C选项“经济快速增长”，可定位到原文第二段第二句，该句提到“不断增强的经济增长，可能会在短期内进一步推高油价（could push the price higher still in the short term）。”由此可知，“经济增长”只是原文提到的短期内可能推动油价上涨的因素，不是“近期石油上涨的主要原因”，该选项属于本末倒置；D选项“伊拉克征收出口关税”，可定位到原文第二段第一句，该句提到“本周，当伊拉克暂停石油出口时，油价又被推高（another push up）了。”由此可知，原文提到的推动油价升高的原因是“伊拉克暂停石油出口”，并未提到“征收出口关税”，该选项属于无中生有。第2题:【选项释义】It can be inferred from the passage that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _. 从文章中可以推断，如果_，汽油零售价格将大幅上涨。A. price of crude oil rises A. 原油价格上涨B. commodity prices rise B. 商品价格上涨C. consumption rises C. 消费上升D. oil taxes rise D. 石油税上涨【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词retail price of petrol定位到原文第三段最后一句，该句提到“在欧洲，税收（taxes）占零售价格（the retail price）的五分之四，所以即使原油价格（the price of crude oil）发生很大的变化，对零售价的影响也比过去小。”由此可知，原油价格上涨对汽油零售价的影响很小，而税收占零售价格的比重非常大，如果税收上涨的话，零售价格也会大幅上涨。因此，D选项“石油税上涨”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“原油价格上涨”，原文提到“原油价格上涨对汽油零售价的影响很小”，该选项属于曲解原文；B选项“商品价格上涨”，可定位到原文最后一段第一句，该句提到“与上世纪70年代的油价上涨不同，本次油价上涨并不是在总体商品价格上涨（general commodity-price inflation）和全球需求过剩的背景下发生的。”由此可知，原文提到“商品价格上涨”是上世纪石油价格上涨的背景，并不能由此推出，商品价格上涨会带来石油价格大幅上涨，该选项属于过度推理；C选项“消费上升”，可定位到原文第四段，本段第一、二句提到“发达经济体对石油的依赖也比过去少了，因此对油价的波动也不那么敏感了。节约能源、改用其他燃料以及能源密集型重工业重要性的下降，都减少了石油消费（oil consumption）。”由此可知，原文提到“石油消费”是在说发达经济体的石油消费减少了，因此对石油的依赖程度降低了；并没有提到“石油消费上升”会提高油价，该选项属于无中生有。第3题:【选项释义】The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries _. 经济展望的评估表明，在富裕国家_。A. heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive A. 重工业变得更加能源密集型B. income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices B. 收入损失主要是原油价格波动造成的C. manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed C. 制造业受到严重挤压D. oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP D. 石油价格变化对GDP没有显著影响【答案】D【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Economic Outlook定位到原文第四段第五句，该句提到“经济合作与发展组织在其最新的经济展望中估计，与1998年13美元一桶的平均油价相比，其全年平均油价为22美元一桶，这将使富裕经济体的石油进口支出仅增加GDP的0.25-0.5%。”由此可知，石油价格的增长，仅仅增加GDP的0.25-0.5%，这种影响是非常小的，因此，D选项“石油价格变化对GDP没有显著影响”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“重工业变得更加能源密集型”，可定位到原文第四段最后一句，该句提到“进口石油的新兴经济体（oil importing emerging economies）它们的重工业已经转移到这些国家已经变得更加能源密集”，由此可知，新兴经济体的重工业变得更加能源密集型，而不是富裕国家，该选项属于张冠李戴；B选项“收入损失主要是原油价格波动造成的”，可定位到原文第四段第五、六句，这两句提到，石油价格上涨“仅使石油进口支出增加GDP的0.25-0.5%”，“这还不到1974年或1980年收入损失（income loss）的四分之一。”由此可知，原油价格波动对收入损失的影响很小，因此，收入损失不可能主要是原油价格波动造成的，该选项表述错误，属于反向干扰；C选项“制造业受到严重挤压”，可定位到原文第四段最后一句，该句提到“进口石油的新兴经济体它们的重工业已经转移到这些国家已经变得更加能源密集，因此可能会受到更严重的挤压（be more seriously squeezed）。”由此可知，该选项表述的是新兴经济体的情况，而不是富裕国家的情况，该选项属于张冠李戴。第4题:【选项释义】We can draw a conclusion from the passage that _. 我们可以从文章中总结出_。A. oil-price shocks are less shocking now A. 油价冲击现在不那么令人震惊了B. inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks B. 通货膨胀似乎与石油价格冲击无关C. energy conservation can keep down the oil prices C. 节约能源可以压低油价D. the price rise of crude oil leads to the shrinking of heavy industry D. 原油价格的上涨导致重工业的萎缩【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】本文的行文结构为“提出问题给出结论进行论证”。原文第三段第一句点明作者的观点，“我们有充分的理由预计，现在的经济后果不会像上世纪70年代那么严重（be less severe）”，第三至五段分别给出一个理由进行论证。由此推断，A选项“油价冲击现在不那么令人震惊了”符合原文。【干扰项排除】B选项“通货膨胀似乎与石油价格冲击无关”，可定位到原文第一段第四句，该句提到“之前的两次冲击都导致了两位数的通货膨胀（resulted in double-digit inflation）和全球经济下滑。”由此可知，通货膨胀与石油价格冲击有关，该选项表述错误，属于反向干扰；C选项“节约能源可以压低油价”，可定位到原文第四段第二句，该句提到“节约能源减少了石油消费（have reduced oil consumption）。”由此可知，原文提到节约能源可以减少石油消费，并没有说能降低油价，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“原油价格的上涨导致重工业的萎缩”，原文并没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。第5题:【选项释义】From the passage we can see that the writer seems _. 从文章中我们可以看到，作者似乎是_。A. optimistic A. 乐观的B. sensitive B. 敏感的C. gloomy C. 悲观的D. scared D. 害怕的【答案】A【考查点】观点态度题【解题思路】本文的行文结构为“提出问题给出结论进行论证”。原文第三段第一句点明作者的观点，“我们有充分的理由预计，现在的经济后果不会像上世纪70年代那么严重（be less severe）”，由此可知，作者的态度还是非常乐观的，A选项“乐观的”符合原文。【干扰项排除】B选项“敏感的”、C选项“悲观的”、D选项“害怕的”，不符合原文，属于曲解原文。5. 单选题Some disputes among these countries are _ by history.问题1选项A.left overB.turned overC.handed overD.taken over【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. left over 留下 B. turned over 移交给；翻阅；反复考虑C. handed over （把某事）交给负责 D. taken over 接管；接替【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析与语义衔接【解题思路】空格处前后语义为“这些国家之间的一些争端是被历史_”，由此可知，与空格处所填短语搭配的是“国家间的一些争端”和“历史”，A选项left over“留下”最符合原句语义衔接，指“被历史遗留下来的争端”。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。【句意】这些国家之间的一些争端是历史遗留下来的。6. 单选题If that desk is at least 100 years old, it is an authentic antique and valuable.问题1选项A.realB.ancientC.eminentD.obsolete【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. real 真的 B. ancient 古老的C. eminent 杰出的 D. obs